Newsletter - Social Science in Eastern Europe 2000-2
Austria
Research on Social and Political Transformations in Post-Communist
Eastern Europe: The Case of Austria
In Austria, three research institutes have done extensive research on the
dynamics of social and political change from the perspective of sociology and
political science in the period 1990 until 2000. These specialised institutes
are the 'Institute for Advanced Studies', the 'Austrian Institute for East and
Southeast European Studies' and the 'Institute for Human Sciences'. All three
institutes are located in the capital of Austria, Vienna. There is also some
research on social and political transformations taking place in several
Austrian Universities, but these activities are less focused and specialised.
A. Institute for Advanced Studies - IAS [4]
The Institute for Advanced Studies is the biggest Austrian research institute
in the social sciences with a staff of 110 research fellows and 30
administrative and technical personnel. The Institute for Advanced Studies in
Vienna has had a special research focus dealing with post-Communist Eastern
Europe. The research programme in Sociology of Eastern European transformation
is directed by Prof. Claire Wallace from the Department of Sociology, who is
also Professor of Social Research at the University of Derby (UK). The research
programme in Political Science of Eastern European transformation is directed by
Prof. Christian Haerpfer. Christian Haerpfer is Head of the 'New Europe Centre'
at the Institute for Advanced Studies and Visiting Professor of the Centre for
the Study of Public Policy at the University of Strathclyde (Glasgow, UK). The
data base for the comparative research programme consists of survey data from
the Austrian 'New Democracies Barometer', directed by Christian Haerpfer, the
'World Values Survey' (1990, 1995) on the one hand and aggregate data from the
Vienna Institute for International Economic Studies[5]
and the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development (EBRD, London) on the
other hand. Another important data source are qualitative data from the Eastern
European Household Strategy Study, directed by Claire Wallace.
Publications on Social Change:
* Claire Wallace & Christian Haerpfer (1998): Some Characteristics of the
New Middle Class in Central and Eastern Europe: A 10 Nation Study, In: Nikolai
Tilkidjiev (ed.): The Middle Class as a Precondition of a Sustainable Society
(Sofia: AMCD Press), 158-168.
* Claire Wallace & Christian Haerpfer (1998), Three Paths of
Transformation in Post-Communist Central Europe (Institute for Advanced
Studies, Sociological Series, No. 28).
* Claire Wallace & Stein Ringen (1994): Societies in Transition:
East-Central Europe Today. Prague Papers in Social Transition, Volume 1,
Avebury/Gower.
* Claire Wallace & Stein Ringen (1994): Social Reform in the Czech
Republic. Prague Papers in Social Transition, Volume 2, Central European
University, Prague, 1994.
* Claire Wallace & Stein Ringen (1995): New Trends in Social
Transformation. Prague Papers in Social Transition, Volume 3.
* Claire Wallace (1995a): "The family and social transition in
Poland", Journal of European Social Policy, (1995) 5 (2), 97-109.
* Claire Wallace (1995b): "Citizenship and Social Policy in East-Central
Europe" (1995) in Mendell, M. and Nielsen, K. (eds.) Europe Central and
East, Black Rose Books, London, Montreal and New York.
Publications on Youth
* Claire Wallace & Helena Helve (2000): Youth, Citizenship and
Empowerment, Ashgate, Gower.
* Claire Wallace & Sijka Kovacheva (1998): Youth and Society.
The Construction and Deconstruction of Youth in Europe, Macmillan: London
and St. Martin's Press: New York).
* Claire Wallace (1998): "Youth, Work and Education in Postcommunist
Europe" in Korunk (in Hungarian).
* Claire Wallace & Sijka Kovacheva (1996): "Youth Cultures and
Consumption East and West: an overview" Youth and Society, Vol. 28
(2): 189-214.
* Claire Wallace (1995): Young People, Social Change and the Labour Market
in Poland (with Ken Roberts, Bohdan Jung, Tadeusz Szlumlicz, Adam
Kurzynowski), Avebury Gower. Polish edition 1995 Post-Komunistyczne Polonie
(Ksiazka I Wiedza: Warszawa).
* Claire Wallace & Sijka Kovacheva (1994): "Why do youth
revolt?" In: Youth and Policy No. 44: 7-20.
* Claire Wallace (1993): "Youth, Citizenship and Social Change in East
and West Europe", International Bulletin of Youth Research, No. 6,
pp 7-23, RC 34 International Sociological Association.
Publications on Migration
* Claire Wallace & Dariusz Stola (2000): Central Europe: New Migration
Space (Macmillans: London).
* Claire Wallace (1999): "Crossing borders: the mobility of goods,
capital and people in the Central European Region", in: Brah, A., Hickman,
M. and Macan Ghaill (eds.), Future Worlds: migration and globalisation
(Macmillans: London).
* Claire Wallace (1999): Economic Hardship, Migration and Survival
Strategies in East-Central Europe (Institute for Advanced Studies, Sociology
Series, No. 35).
* Claire Wallace (with V. Bedzir, O. Chmouliar and E. Sidorenko) (1998):
"Some Characteristics of Labour Migration in the Central European Buffer
Zone" (Institute for Advanced Studies, Working Papers Series, Sociology No.
25).
* Claire Wallace (1998): Migration Potential in Eastern and Central Europe
(International Organisation for Migration, Geneva).
* Claire Wallace & Andrii Palyanistsya (1995): "East-West Migration
in the Czech Republic", Journal of Public Policy 15 (1): 89-109.
* Claire Wallace (1995): "The Eastern Frontier of Western Europe:
mobility in the buffer zone", New Community 22 (2): 259-286.
Publications on Xenophobia
* Christian Haerpfer & Claire Wallace (1998): Xenophobic Attitudes
Towards Migrants and Ethnic Minorities in Central and Eastern Europe, in: Frank
H. Columbus (ed.), Central and Eastern Europe in Transition, Volume 1
(New York: Nova Science Publishers), pp.183-213.
* Claire Wallace (1999): "Xenophobie in Zentral- und Osteuropa",
in: Fassmann, Heinz; Matuschek, Helga and Menasse, Elisabeth (Hg.), Abgrenzen,
Ausgrenzen, Aufnehmen. Empirische Befunde zu Fremdenfeindlichkeit und
Integration Drava Verlag/BMWV: Klagenfurt.
* Claire Wallace (1999): Xenophobia. Austria and Eastern Europe compared
Project Report.
Publications on Economic Sociology
* Christian Haerpfer (1995): Micro-Economic Behaviour of Households in
Post-Communist Societies. A Seven-Nation-Study 1993-1994, in: Towards a
Market Economy: Beyond the Point of No Return (Amsterdam: ESOMAR), 21-37.
* Claire Wallace & Christian Haerpfer (2000): Democratisation,
Economic Development and Corruption in East-Central Europe. An 11-Nation-study
(Institute for Advanced Studies, Sociological Series, forthcoming).
* Claire Wallace, Christian Haerpfer & Martin Raiser (2000): Formal
Economy, Informal Economy and Economic Well-Being (EBRD-Working Paper,
forthcoming).
* Claire Wallace & Endre Sik (1999): The development of open-air markets
in East-Central Europe, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research
23 (4): 697-714.
* Claire Wallace (1997): "Work and Education in Poland and
Ukraine", in: Heinz, W. and Rabe-Kleburg, U. (eds.): Jahrbuch Bildung
und Arbeit '97, Leske and Budrich: Opladen.
Contact person: Prof. Dr. Claire Wallace, Department of Sociology,
Institute for Advanced Studies, Stumpergasse 56, A-1060 Vienna, Austria, e-mail:
wallace@ihs.ac.at, phone: ++43-1-59 99
1-213, fax: ++/43-1-59 99 1-191
Democratisation and Transformation Towards a Market Economy
Since 1991, Christian Haerpfer has served as Principal Investigator of a
comparative research programme to analyse social, economic and political change
in 17 post-Communist countries. The Austrian research programme is called 'New
Democracies Barometer' (NDB) and was conducted 5 times since 1991 (see table).
Christian Haerpfer organised and co-ordinated 49 cross-sectional representative
sample surveys in the period between 1991 and 1998 (see: cspp.strath.ac.uk/SEEC).
Prof. Richard Rose from the Centre for the Study of Public Policy (CSPP) at the
University of Strathclyde is International Scientific Advisor of NDB since 1991.
Richard Rose is Principal Investigator of the 'New Russia Barometer' and the
'New Baltic Barometer', which are both organised from the University of
Strathclyde. The New Democracies Barometer was financially supported by the
Austrian Ministry of Research and by the Austrian National Bank between 1991 and
1998. The New Democracies Barometer 6 in 2001, which will include 17
post-Communist nations, is financed by the European Union.
New Democracies Barometer. An Austrian Research Programme in Political
Science,
Political Sociology and Economic Sociology.
Principal Investigator: Christian Haerpfer
table
* Christian Haerpfer (2000): Post-Communism and Democracy (Harwood
Academic Publishers: Amsterdam, forthcoming).
* Christian Haerpfer & Claire Wallace (1999): Attitudes towards
democratization and marketization in the Czech Republic, in: Martin Potucek
(ed.): Ceska Spolecnost na Konci Tisicileti (Prague: Charles University).
* Richard Rose, William Mishler & Christian Haerpfer (1998): Democracy
and Its Alternatives: Understanding Post-Communist Societies (Cambridge:
Polity Press) and (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1998a): Trends in Democracies and
Markets: New Democracies Barometer, 1991-1998 (Studies in Public Policy No.
308, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1998b): New Democracies Barometer
V. A 12-Nation Survey (Studies in Public Policy No. 306, University of
Strathclyde, Glasgow).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1996): New Democracies Barometer
IV: A 10-Nation-Survey (Studies in Public Policy No. 262, University of
Strathclyde, Glasgow).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1994a): New Democracies Barometer
III: Learning from What is Happening (Studies in Public Policy No. 230,
University of Strathclyde, Glasgow 1994).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1994b): Mass Response to
Transformation in Post-communist Societies, in: Europe-Asia Studies 46/1:
pp. 3-28.
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1994c): New Russia Barometer III:
The Results (Studies in Public Policy No. 228, University of Strathclyde,
Glasgow 1994).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1994d): Eastern Europe's Great
Transition: Endorsing the Churchill Hypothesis, in: The Public Perspective. A
Roper Center Review of Public Opinion and Polling 5/6: 5-11.
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1993): Adapting to Transformation
in Eastern Europe. New Democracies Barometer II (Studies in Public Policy
No. 212, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow 1993).
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1992): New Democracies between
State and Market. New Democracies Barometer I (Studies in Public Policy No.
204, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow 1992).
Publications on European Integration and Enlargement of the European Union
* Christian Haerpfer (1999): New Democracies Barometer: Attitudes towards EU-Accession
in some CEE-Countries, In: Wirtschaftspolitische Blätter 46/1-2: pp.
95-105.
* Christian Haerpfer (1998): New Democracies Barometer: Attitudes towards EU-Accession
in the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Slovakia and Slovenia, in: Zdenka
Mansfeldova & Michal Klima (eds.): The Role of the Central European
Parliaments in the Process of European Integration (Czech Academy of
Sciences: Prague), pp. 183-198.
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1995): Democracy and Enlargement in
the European Union, in: Journal of Common Market Studies 33/3: 427-450.
Reprinted in: European University Institute Working Papers No. 95/12. Robert
Schuman Centre (EUI - European University Institute: Florence).
Publications on Subjective Security and Military Integration
* Christian Haerpfer, Cezary Milosinksi & Claire Wallace (1999): Old and
New Security Issues in Post-Communist Eastern Europe: Results of an 11 Nation
Study, in: Europe-Asia Studies, Vol. 51, No. 6, pp. 989-1011.
* Christian Haerpfer & Claire Wallace (1997): Internal and External
Security in Post-Communist Eastern Europe. Results of a 10-Nation Study
(Institute for Advanced Studies, Vienna, Sociological Series, No. 20).
* Christian Haerpfer, Claire Wallace & Richard Rose (1997): Public
Perceptions of Threats to Security in Post-Communist Europe (Studies in
Public Policy No. 293, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow).
Publications on Social Capital
* Christian Haerpfer, Claire Wallace & Martin Raiser (2000): Social
Capital and Economic Performance (EBRD-Working Paper).
* Richard Rose, William Mishler & Christian Haerpfer (1997): Getting
Real: Social Capital in post-Communist Societies (Studies in Public Policy
No. 278, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow).
* Claire Wallace (1999): Investing in social capital. The case of small
traders in Central and Eastern Europe, in: International Journal of Urban and
Regional Research 23 (4): 751-770.
Publications on Comparison GDR - Eastern Europe
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1997): The Impact of a Ready-Made
State: East Germans in Comparative Perspective, in: German Politics 6/1:
pp. 100-121.
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1996a): The Impact of a Ready-Made
State. Die privilegierte Position Ostdeutschlands in der postkommunistischen
Transformation, in: Helmut Wiesenthal (Hg.): Einheit als Privileg.
Vergleichende Perspektiven auf die Transformation Ostdeutschlands
(Frankfurt/New York: Campus Verlag), 105-140.
* Richard Rose & Christian Haerpfer (1996b): The Impact of a
Ready-Made State: Advantages of East Germans (Studies in Public Policy No.
268, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow).
Contact person: Prof. Dr. Christian Haerpfer, New Europe Centre,
Institute for Advanced Studies, Stumpergasse 56 A-1060 Vienna, Austria, e-mail: haerpfer@ihs.ac.at, phone: ++-43-1-59 99
1-111, fax: ++43-1-59 70 635
B. Austrian Institute of East and Southeast European Studies[6]
The research program of the Department for Social Sciences of the Austrian
Institute of East and Southeast European Studies focuses on the development of
the political cultures in the east-central and southeast European regions since
1989. The main program-lines are the construction of mental borders between
western and eastern Europe and a (east/west) comparative view on national and
European identity concepts in the process of European integration. Another topic
of research is the conflict between gender-politics and family-politics during
transition. Finally, we aim to build up a know-ledge base in the process of
European integration.
Publications on the Political Culture of Transition
* Brezovszky, Ernst-Peter; Suppan, Arnold; Vyslonzil, Elisabeth (Hg.) (1999):
Multikulturalität und Multiethnizität in Mittel-, Ost- und Südosteuropa.
Wien, Frankfurt am Main u.a., 342 S.
* Heuberger, Valeria (Hg.) (1999): Islam in Europa. Frankfurt am Main
u.a., 131 S., Wiener Osteuropastudien, 9.
* Leube, Kurt, Pribersky, Andreas (Hg.) (1995): Krise und Exodus. Österreichische
Sozialwissenschaften in Mitteleuropa. Wien: WUV.
* Plasser, Fritz, Pribersky, Andreas (eds.) (1996): Political Culture in
East Central Europe. Avebury: Aldershot etc.
* Pribersky, Andreas, Unfried, Berthold (Hg.): Symbole und Rituale des
Politischen. Ost- und Westeuropa im Vergleich. Frankfurt/M. etc.: Peter Lang
Verlag, 1999.
Publications and Research Projects on Borders and Mental Borders
* Haslinger, Peter (Hg.): Grenze im Kopf. Frankfurt am Main u.a. 1999.
208 S., Wiener Osteuropastudien, 11.
* Liebhart, Karin; Dejanovic, Sonja: Der Osten als Bedrohung. Anmerkungen zur
medialen Berichterstattung über grenznahe Atomkraftwerke, in: SWS-Rundschau
1999/4, 39. Jg. (Wien 1999) S. 221 - 241.
* "Grenzen und Grenzüberschreitungen. Die Bedeutung der Grenze für die
staatliche und soziale Entwicklung des Habsburgerreiches von der Mitte des 18.
bis zur Mitte des 19. Jahrhunderts" (Principal Investigators: Prof.
Waltraud Heindl, Prof. Edith Saurer)
* "Gesellschaft und Konfession in Südosteuropa 1989-1997".
Strukturwandel und Transformationsprozess am Beispiel des Islam" (Principal
Investigator: Prof. Arnold Suppan)
* "Migrationen im 18. Jahrhundert. Das Beispiel der Migrationen aus den
österreichischen Niederlanden nach Wien, Linz, Brünn, Prag, Pressburg"
(Principal Investigator: Prof. Waltraud Heindl)
Publications on Social and Political Change in Hungary
* Grosser, Cornelia; Liebhart, Karin; Kurtan, Sandor; Pribersky, Andreas
(2000): Genug von Europa. Ein Reisejournal aus Ungarn und Österreich.
Wien.
* Liebhart, Karin; Kurtan, Sandor; Pribersky, Andreas (1999): Ungarn.
München (Beck' sche Reihe Länder).
* Pribersky, Andreas (Hg.) (1992): Das Mehrparteiensystem in Ungarn.
Wien (Schriftenreihe des Renner Instituts, Heft 14).
* Pribersky, Andreas; Forray, Katalin (Hg.) (1992): Grenzüberschreitende
Zusammenarbeit und Bildung. Budapest (Oktatas Kutato Intezet).
Publication and Research Project on Regional Studies
* Transcarpathia - a regional socio-economic study (Principal Investigator:
Prof. Peter Jordan)
* Polzer, Miroslav; Klopèiè, Vera (Hg.) (1999): Wege zur Verbesserung
der Lage der Roma in Mittel- und Osteuropa - Beiträge aus Österreich und
Slowenien. Wien: Ethnos, 54, 138 S.
Contact Persons: Prof. Peter Jordan, Deputy Director, e-mail: Peter.Jordan@osi.ac.at and Dr. Andreas
Pribersky, Österreichisches Ost- und Südosteuropa-Institut, Head, Department
for Social Sciences, A-1010 Wien, Josefsplatz 6, phone: ++43-1-512 18 95/48,
fax: ++43-1-512 18 53, e-mail: andreas.pribersky@osi.ac.at
C. Institute for Human Sciences[7]
Research Field: Political and Social Transformation in Central and Eastern
Europe[8]
The Institute for Human Sciences' research program on transformation is
multidisciplinary (involving economists, political scientists, sociologists and
historians from both the East and the West), comparative (with an emphasis on
East-East comparison) and - despite its history of ideas approach -
policy-related.
Special attention is given to the fact that indigenous historical values,
norms, attitudes and theories, as well as the exchange of ideas between East and
West, all play a crucial role in post-Communist transformations. Given that
Western societies are currently undergoing far-reaching changes as well, the
Institute's transformation studies focus on the problems common to both former
blocs. While assisting the reintegration of academics of the former Eastern
Europe in Western scholarship, Western experts are invited to reinterpret their
own approaches and paradigms in light of the results of the Institute's
transformation research.
During 1998/99, the research activities of the Transformation Program focused
on the historical results and future consequences of the 1989 Revolutions in
Central and Eastern Europe. The Program culminated in a conference Ten Years
After 1989: Politics, Ideology and the International Order held in
June 1999. Transformation research in 2000 will continue to analyse the new
roles the state in ex-communist countries may play in a global context; the
Seminars on State and Globalisation: Eastern Europe's Two Transformations
will be carried on. The project is pursued in cooperation with a research
program led by Peter Berger and Samuel Huntington on Cultural
Globalisation, which examines the encounter of economic and political
cultures from an international comparative perspective. The developments in
Central and Eastern Europe are interpreted as a mix of US-style cultural
imports, the effects of European integration, emerging Asian cultures in the
region, remnants of the Soviet culture and specifics of national cultures. This
program will lead into an international conference scheduled for 2001, which
will highlight the Central and Eastern European specifics of cultural
globalisation. Recomposing Eastern Europe, a joint workshop of the
Institute and the New Europe College, will be organized in Bucharest in October
2000.
The Institute for Human Sciences' transformation studies provide an
intellectual background for its policy-related programme on the reform of social
policy in the region (SOCO), and for the Central European Fora, which offer an
opportunity for leading scholars and policymakers to discuss the most crucial
issues of post-communist transformation.
The Institute's long-term comparative programme on the Social Consequences
of Economic Transformation in East-Central Europe (SOCO, Director: Don Kalb)
has always paid attention to the institutional transformations in the welfare
systems of the ex-communist countries of the region. There, a new mix of
voluntarism, state regulation and market forces is in the making, from which new
principles of social entitlement are emerging. The SOCO programme has
accumulated a fair amount of knowledge about the basic three components of that
mix. The comparative household survey on the social consequences of the
transformation, which were conducted in five transforming countries of the
region during 1995/96, resulted in a large database that allows for testing
theories or policies of any welfare reform. In the following phase of the
research program, special attention was paid to grassroots initiatives in the
social sphere: to the new NGO sector, the privatisation and "communalisation"
of welfare, the implementation of social policy at the level of local
governments, the invisible social assistance in the informal economy, the coping
strategies of families, etc
The SOCO programme of the Institute for Human Sciences provides adequate
conditions to study the Eastern versions of welfare state reform. During the
past couple of years, many dozen-research projects on institutional change in
social policy in selected countries of Eastern Europe have been completed. In
the course of the next year, a comparative study of welfare reform in Poland,
Hungary and the Czech Republic in the 1990s will be finished.
Contact person: Dr. Anita Traninger, IWM-Programmkoordination,
Institute for Human Sciences, Spittelauer Lände 3, A-1090 Vienna, Austria,
e-mail: traninger@iwm.at, Phone:
++43-1-313-58-352, Fax: ++43-1-313-58-30
[3] Stumpergasse 56, A-1060 Vienna, Austria;
e-mail: haerpfer@netscape.net, phone:
++-43-1-59 99 1-111, fax: ++43-1-59 70 635
[4] Institut für Höhere Studien - IHS,
Internet: http://www.his.ac.at
[5] Wiener Institut für Internationale
Wirtschaftsvergleiche - WIIW, Internet: http://www.wiiw.ac.at
[6] Österreichisches Ost- und Südosteuropa-Institut
- OSI, Internet: http://www.osi.ac.at
[7] Institut für die Wissenschaften vom
Menschen - IWM, Director: Prof. Krystof Michalski, Internet: http://univie.ac.at/iwm/
[8] Director of this research field is Janos
Matyas Kovacs.
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