“She Wasn’t Resisting”: Students’ Barriers to Prosocial Intervention as Bystanders to Sexual Assault Risk Situations
Autor/in:
Hoxmeier, Jill; O'Connor, Julia; McMahon, Sarah
Quelle: Violence against women, 25 (2019) 4, S 485–505
Inhalt: The White House Task Force to Protect Students from Sexual Assault recommends bystander training as part of campus sexual assault prevention efforts. The current study sought to understand salient themes among students’ qualitative responses for why they did not intervene in sexual assault risk situations. In 2014, undergraduate students (N = 9,358) at a large public university completed a web-based survey to assess bystander opportunities and responses for six risk situations. Content coding analysis indicated that students report several unique barriers to intervention. These findings have important implications for bystander training programs, as well as future research on bystander behavior.
Schlagwörter:acceptance; Akzeptanz; bystander interventions; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; Intervention; sexual assault; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Explorations on the Nature of Resistance: Challenging Gender-Based Violence in the Academy
Autor/in:
Lewis, Ruth; Anitha, Sundari
Quelle: Strategies for Resisting Sexism in the Academy. Gail Crimmins (Hrsg.), Cham: Springer International Publishing (Palgrave Studies in Gender and Education). 2019, S 75–94
Inhalt: attention to resistance to all forms of GBV
Schlagwörter:Anti-Feminismus; Backlash; Belästigung; bystander interventions; campus; interventions; resistance; Resistenz; resources; sexual assault; sexual bullying; sexual harassment; university
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Tackling Violence against Women and Gender-Based Violence : Equality Bodies' Contribution
Autor/in:
Equinet
Quelle: European Network of Equality Bodies; Brussels, 2019. 30 S
Inhalt: Violence against women is a structural and global phenomenon that knows no social, economic or national boundaries. It is a serious violation of human rights, most drastic form of discrimination on the grounds of gender and remains widely unsanctioned. Every day in Europe, women are psychologically, physically and sexually abused in the “safety” of their own homes, stalked, harassed, raped, mutilated, forced by their family to enter into marriage, or sterilised against their will. The revelations of the #MeToo movement across Europe cast a light on the extent of sexual abuse of women and the difficulty for women to speak out
against it1.
The concept of violence against women has been widely recognized since the 1990s in international normative acts concerning human rights. It has been adopted as a legal concept at all levels of the international legal system. The phenomenon is acknowledged in the universal legal system of the United Nations, covering practically all countries of the world, as well as in the regional legal systems of the Council of Europe and the European Union.
Gender-based violence and violence against women are terms that are often used interchangeably as it has been widely acknowledged that most gender-based violence is inflicted on women and girls, by men. However, using the ‘gender-based’ aspect is important as it highlights the fact that many forms of violence against women are not examples of random victimization but are rooted in power inequalities between women and men and
strategies to perpetuate or entrench that inequality2.
Gender-based violence is violence directed against a person because of their gender or one that disproportionally affects persons of a particular gender. The majority of victims are women and girls, although men and transgender people also experience violence, especially where they transgress stereotypical gender norms 3.
Schlagwörter:Antidiskriminierung; Belästigung; gender-based violence; Gewalt gegen Frauen; good practice; harassment
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht
Preventing and Combating Sexism : Recommendation CM/Rec(2019)1 adopted by the Committee of Ministers of the Council of Europe 27 March 2019
Herausgeber/in:
Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers
Quelle: Council of Europe, Committee of Ministers; , 2019. 34 S
Inhalt: Recommends that the governments of member States:
1. Take measures to prevent and combat sexism and its manifestations in the public and private spheres, and encourage relevant stakeholders to implement appropriate legislation, policies and programmes, drawing on the definition and guidelines appended to this Recommendation;
2. Monitor progress in the implementation of this Recommendation and inform the competent Council of Europe steering committee(s) of the measures undertaken and the progress achieved in this field;
3. Ensure that this Recommendation, including its appendix, is translated and disseminated (in accessible formats) to relevant authorities and stakeholders.
Ending sexual harassment - a precondition for gender equality : Nordic Initiatives in the aftermath of #MeToo
Herausgeber/in:
NIKK Nordic Information on Gender; Young Hakansson, Susanna; Nordic Council of Ministers
Quelle: Nordic Council of Ministers; NIKK Nordic Information on Gender; Gothenburg, 2019. 12 S
Inhalt: Ending sexual harassment – a precondition for gender equality: Nordic initiatives in the aftermath of #MeToo highlights a sample of measures to combat sexual harassment, taken by the Nordic co-operation as well as on national level in the Nordic countries. The publication is produced by NIKK, Nordic Information on Gender, and is based on material collected from representatives for the Nordic co-operation as well as from the countries.
Schlagwörter:#MeToo; Nordic countries; Norwegen; online sexual harassment; online violence; sexual harassment; Sweden
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht
Reaction Is Not Enough : Decreasing Gendered Harassment in Academic Contexts in Chile, Hong Kong, and the United States
Autor/in:
Jackson, Liz; Muñoz García, Ana Luisa
Quelle: Educ Theory (Educational Theory), 69 (2019) 1, S 17–33
Inhalt: In diverse academic spaces around the world, sexual and gendered harassment is increasingly recognized as a problem. High‐profile cases continue to emerge that underscore how gendered harassment is normalized in elite research contexts. In this article, Liz Jackson and Ana Luisa Muñoz‐García analyze three recent policy cases for decreasing sexual and gendered harassment. These cases involve three levels of analysis and three cultural contexts. The first is that of the higher education community in Chile; the second is the University of Hong Kong; and the third is the Philosophy of Education Society, an international academic society based in North America. In each case we analyze how sexual and gendered harassment has been (1) conceptualized, (2) responded to, and (3) contextualized. Through their analysis of these cases, Jackson and Muñoz‐García invite readers to reflect on practical and philosophical recommendations for moving forward antiharassment policies and programs, seen broadly.
Schlagwörter:Chile; discrimination; Diskriminierung; gender equality measures; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; higher education; Hochschule; Hongkong; sexual harassment; USA
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Inhalt: This book examines the role of gender in political conflicts worldwide, specifically the intersection between gender and terrorism. Political violence has historically been viewed as a male domain with men considered the perpetrators of violence and power, and women as victims without power. Whereas men and masculinity are associated with war and aggression, women and femininity conjure up socially constructed images of passivity and peace. This distinction of men as aggressors and women as passive victims denies women their voice and agency. This book investigates how women cope with and influence violent politics, and is both a descriptive and analytical attempt to describe in what ways women are present or absent in political contexts involving political violence, and how they deal with gender assumptions, express gender identities, and frame their actions regarding political violence encountered in their lives. The book looks to reach beyond the notion of women as victims of terrorism or genocide without agency, and to recognize the gendered nature of political conflicts and how women respond to violence. This book will be of interest to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in political science, sociology, cultural studies, and gender studies, academics in terrorism studies and gender studies, government officials, NGOs, and professionals working in areas of violent conflict.
Schlagwörter:Geschlechterrollen; Terrorismus
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
Cyber violence and hate speech online against women : Study for the FEMM committee - Policy Department for Citizens‘ Rights and Constitutional Affairs PE 604.979
Herausgeber/in:
European Parliament
Quelle: European Parliament; European Union, 2018. 80 S
Inhalt: This study, commissioned by the European Parliament’s Policy Department for Citizens’ Rights and Constitutional Affairs at the request of the FEMM Committee, looks into the phenomenon of cyber violence and hate speech online against women in the European Union. After reviewing existing definitions of the different forms of cyber violence, the study assesses the root causes and impact of online violence on women. It continues by analysing and mapping the prevalence, victims and perpetrators. The document ends with an outline of the existing legal framework and recommendations for action within the EU remit.
Schlagwörter:cyber violence; hate speech; online violence; violence against women
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Quelle: RES (Revista Española de Sociología), 27 (2018) 3, S 434-449
Inhalt: Nowadays gender-based violence has not only grown but it has become increasingly evident in gender stereotypes upheld by younger people. Universal education is necessary to eradicate these stereotypes in university classrooms. The aim of this work is to find if a relationship exists between sexism and the choice of degree among university students, and if this relates to national culture. We applied the Ambivalent Sexism Inventory (Expósito, Moya and Glick, 1998 and the Dating Violence Questionnaire by Rodríguez-Franco et al., 2007) to 1,196 university students. The results show that there is a relationship between sexism and the student’s choice of degree course and, particularly, that there is more sexism in technical degrees than in humanities degrees. The cultural ideology is similar between Mexico and Catalonia and only varies in its intensity. It concludes that gender equality education is urgently needed as a general course in technical degrees.
Herausgeber/in:
EIGE European Institute for Gender Equality
Quelle: EIGE European Institute for Gender Equality; , 2018.
Inhalt: The EU’s signing of the Istanbul Convention on 13 June 2017 was a significant milestone during a year of actions focused on combating violence against women. Yet despite this progress, it remains one of the most widespread and damaging manifestations of gender inequality. By providing critical research and expertise, the European Institute for Gender Equality (EIGE) is helping the EU and its Member States to understand the scale of the problem and ultimately eradicate it.
Schlagwörter:cyber violence; EU; Female genital mutilation; gender inequality; gender-based violence; Gewalt gegen Frauen
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt