“Flying under the radar”: Postfeminism and teaching in academic science
Autor/in:
Doerr, Katherine
Quelle: Gend Work Organ (Gender, Work and Organization), (2022)
Inhalt: Neoliberal academia is marked by vertical and horizontal gender segregation, and science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is a particularly concerning case. Women with PhDs are underrepresented, and when they do participate, they are more likely than men to be in teaching-intensive roles. Beyond equality concerns, this is problematic because when women are interpreters rather than producers of disciplinary knowledge, the STEM enterprise remains gender-biased. Using data from a 2-year ethnography with physical science faculty in teaching-intensive roles, this paper argues that gender inequity is reproduced through postfeminist discourses of work-life balance. Participants who are mothers say they are flying under the radar at work. They self-surveille as they engage in both paid labor as university educators and unpaid carework at home. Importantly, when participants challenge hegemonic gender norms, they attract the radar's attention and are sanctioned. This study contributes to a growing understanding of how and why women are marginalized in STEM careers. Women with science PhDs fulfill their university's teaching mission with minimal support for the implied compensation of work-life balance, leaving the institutional structures which privilege men's participation in STEM research intact.
Research literature on women of color in undergraduate engineering education : A systematic thematic synthesis
Autor/in:
Ong, Maria; Jaumot‐Pascual, Nuria; Ko, Lily T.
Quelle: J. Eng. Educ. (Journal of Engineering Education), 109 (2020) 3, S 581–615
Inhalt: Background: To address social disparities and generate an innovative workforce, engineering higher education should provide learning environments that benefit students from all backgrounds. However, because engineering programs are not enrolling or retaining women of color at demographic parity, a better understanding of these students’ experiences is needed to develop effective interventions.
Purpose: This study analyzes research on women of color in undergraduate engineering education to determine what influences their experiences, participation, and advancement. We identify challenges to and strategies for persistence and present recommendations for engineering institutions to create interventions that support women of color and mitigate institutional inequities.
Scope/Method: Using the snowballing method, we identified 65 empirical studies published between 1999 and 2015 that met the criteria for this review. These studies represented qualitative, mixed-methods, and quantitative methodologies from various fields. We conducted a systematic thematic synthesis, informed by frames of intersectionality, critical race theory, and community cultural wealth.
Conclusions: Women of color use navigational strategies to address the social pain of race and gender inequity in engineering education. Institutions should take responsibility for generating a sense of belonging for women of color and provide social and structural supports that increase self-efficacy, address social pain, and improve retention.
Schlagwörter:Ingenieurwissenschaft; Intersektionalität; literature review; people of color; Studium; undergraduate; women of color
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen, Studium und Studierende, Geschlechterverhältnis
The re-production process of gender bias: A case of ICT professors through recruitment in a gender-neutral country
Autor/in:
Tiainen, Tarja; Berki, Eleni
Quelle: Studies in Higher Education, 44 (2019) 1, S 170–184
Inhalt: Women's under-representation in the fields of science and technology is strong; both in software houses and academic posts. We focus on the academic field by gender sensitive analysis of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) academics. The general picture given by statistics' meta-analyses illustrates male dominance even in Finland, which is often presented as a country which values gender equality high. For achieving deeper understanding about the process of gender bias reproduction, we focus on one university and its selection of ICT professors. Although every professorship fulfilling is a situated process, they all together shape a homogeneous male-dominant picture. This paper continues on early gender-focused discussion of Studies in Higher Education by presenting an organisational point of view.
Interventionen in Geschlechterpolitiken von Fachkulturen, Epistemen und Artefakten der Natur-, Technik- und Planungswissenschaften : Fallbeispiele aus der Lehrforschung
Autor/in:
Lucht, Petra
Quelle: OPEN GENDER JOURNAL, (2018) 2
Inhalt: Gender Studies zu Natur-, Technik- und Planungswissenschaften weisen Asymmetrien bezüglich der fokussierten Forschungsschwerpunkte auf: Während die Situation von Frauen* in Ausbildung und Beruf im Zentrum steht, werden Forschungsergebnisse zu Fachkulturen, Epistemen und Artefakten nicht systematisch in Inhalte und Anwendungen der MINT-Fächer und Planungswissenschaften integriert. Das nachfolgend dargelegte Konzept ermöglicht es, Fallstudien zu diesen Forschungsperspektiven zu erarbeiten. Es wurde 2013-2016 an der Technischen Universität Berlin für das Studienprogramm Gender Pro MINT von mir entwickelt und umgesetzt. Die hier präsentierten Fallstudien sind als Abschlussarbeiten von Absolvent_innen des Studienprogramms angefertigt worden und zeigen verschiedene Ansatzpunkte für transdisziplinäre, feministische Interventionen in die Geschlechterpolitiken von Fachkulturen, Epistemen und Artefakten der Natur-, Technik- und Planungswissenschaften für geschlechtergerechte Vielfalt auf.
Assessing the landscape of US postdoctoral salaries
Autor/in:
Athanasiadou, Rodoniki; Bankston, Adriana; Carlisle, McKenzie; Niziolek, Caroline A.; McDowell, Gary S.
Quelle: Studies in Graduate and Postdoctoral Education, 9 (2018) 2, S 213–242
Inhalt: Purpose - Postdocs make up a significant portion of the biomedical workforce. However, data about the postdoctoral position are generally scarce, and no systematic study of the landscape of individual postdoc salaries in the USA has previously been carried out. The purpose of this study was to assess actual salaries for postdocs using data gathered from US public institutions; determine how these salaries may vary with postdoc title, institutional funding and geographic region; and reflect on which institutional and federal policy measures may have the greatest impact on salaries nationally.
Design/methodology/approach - Freedom of Information Act Requests were submitted to US public universities or university systems containing campuses with at least 300 science, engineering and health postdocs, according to the 2015 National Science Foundation's Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering. Salaries and job titles of postdocs as of December 1, 2016, were requested.
Findings - Salaries and job titles for nearly 14,000 postdocs at 52 US institutions around December 1, 2016, were received. Individual postdoc names were also received for approximately 7,000 postdocs, and departmental affiliations were received for 4,000 postdocs. This exploratory study shows evidence of a postdoc gender pay gap, a significant influence of job title on postdoc salary and a complex relationship between salaries and the level of institutional National Institutes of Health/NSF funding.
Originality/value - These results provide insights into the ability of institutions to collate and report out annualized salary data on their postdocs, highlighting difficulties faced in tracking and reporting data on this population by institutional administration. Ultimately, these types of efforts, aimed at increasing transparency regarding the postdoctoral position, may lead to improved support for postdocs at all US institutions and allow greater agency for postdocs making decisions based on financial concerns.
Schlagwörter:Biologie; Biomedical Research; gender pay gap; Geschlechterverhältnis; Post-doc; public universities and colleges; STEM; USA
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis
Prozesse indirekter sozialer Schließung in Natur- und Technikwissenschaften an Hochschulen : Bericht aus einem laufenden Forschungsprojekt
Titelübersetzung:Processes of indirect social closure in natural and technical sciences at universities : report from a current research project
Autor/in:
Lehmann, Jasmin; Neuß, Sonja
Quelle: IFF Info : Zeitschrift des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Jg. 22 (2005) Nr. 30, S. 77-82
Inhalt: Die Autorinnen geben einen ersten Einblick in ein bis Oktober 2006 laufendes Forschungsprojekt des Interdisziplinären Zentrums für Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung (IFF), in welchem ausgehend von der Habitus-Feld-Konzeption von Pierre Bourdieu der Frage nachgegangen wird, welche Faktoren zur Reproduktion asymmetrischer Geschlechterverhältnisse in den Natur- und Technikwissenschaften beitragen und inwieweit diese Reproduktion als ein Prozess der sozialen Schließung beschrieben werden kann, der vor allem auf den mittleren Status- bzw. Qualifikationsebenen an deutschen Hochschulen wirksam wird. Die Ausgangsthese der Studie ist, dass die Reproduktion asymmetrischer Geschlechterverhältnisse durch das Wechselspiel zwischen den institutionellen Rahmenbedingungen an Hochschulen und der männlichen Kultur der mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen und technischen Disziplinen einerseits und den Wahrnehmungs-, Deutungs- und Handlungsmustern der Akteure andererseits erklärbar wird. Im Vordergrund stehen daher nicht nur die objektiven strukturellen Aspekte von sozialer Schließung, sondern auch die auf der subjektiven Ebene wahrgenommenen Schließungsmechanismen bzw. -prozesse. Als Bezugsgröße wurde der Frauenanteil in den Fächergruppen Mathematik/Naturwissenschaften und Ingenieurwissenschaften an Hochschulen ausgewählt, insbesondere das "Input-Output-Verhältnis" zwischen der untersten Statusebene der Studentinnen und der höchsten Statusebene der Professorinnen. (ICI2)
Key barriers for academic institutions seeking to retain female scientists and engineers : family-unfriendly policies, low numbers, stereotypes, and harassment
Autor/in:
Rosser, Sue V.; O'Neil Lane, Eliesh
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 2, S. 161-189
Inhalt: "At the end of a special meeting held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in January 2001, a statement released on behalf of the most prestigious U.S. research universities suggested that institutional barriers have prevented women from having a level playing field in science and engineering. In 2001, the National Science Foundation initiated a new awards program, ADVANCE, focusing on institutional rather than individual solutions to empower women to participate fully in science and technology. In this study, the authors evaluate survey responses from almost 400 Professional Opportunities for Women in Research and Education awardees from fiscal years 1997 to 2000 to elucidate problems and opportunities identified by female scientists and engineers. Besides other issues, the respondents identified balancing a career and a family as the most significant challenge facing female scientists and engineers today. Institutions must seek to remove or at least lower these and other harriers to attract and retain female scientists and engineers. Grouping the survey responses into four categories forms the basis for four corresponding policy areas, which could be addressed at the institutional level to mitigate the difficulties and challenges currently experienced by female scientists and engineers." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Das notwendige Experiment : der Arbeitskreis "Frauen, Technik, Zivilisation" stellt sein Konzept für die Technische Universität der Frauen Europas vor
Titelübersetzung:The necessary experiment : the working party "Women, technology, civilization" presents its concept for the Technical University of European Women
Quelle: Deutsche Universitäts-Zeitung : das Hochschul-Magazin, Jg. 51 (1995) H. 14, S. E1-E4
Inhalt: Das Konzept für die "Technische Universität der Frauen Europas" beschreibt die Grundlage für die Notwendigkeit einer solchen Universität, die Zielsetzungen, mögliche Organisationsstrukturen sowie die Auf- und Ausbaustrategien. (IAB)
Schlagwörter:Technische Hochschule; Konzeption; Europa
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen