Erzählen als Politikum - Erzählen als Hebammen und Elternprotest? Die Aktion Erzählcafés 'Der Start ins Leben'
Titelübersetzung:Storytelling as a political event - storytelling as a means of protest for parents and midwives? The "Storytelling Café - A Good Start in Life" project
Autor/in:
Colloseus, Cecilia
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 9 (2017) 2, S 78-90
Inhalt: "Der vorliegende Beitrag stellt das bundesweite Kooperationsprojekt Erzählcafés 'Der Start ins Leben' vor. 2014 initiiert, will dieses Projekt Erfahrungen von Schwangeren und Gebärenden, aber auch von Vätern, Hebammen und Ärzt_innen sichtbar machen und diese dem negativ konnotierten Diskurs um die politische Situation der Geburtshilfe in Deutschland entgegenstellen. Es werden die Entstehung, das Vorgehen und die zentralen Ergebnisse der Aktion vorgestellt. Abschließend wird diskutiert, inwiefern die Aktion Erzählcafés Impulse sowohl für politische Protestformen und Veränderungen als auch für sozialwissenschaftliche Methodenentwicklung (im Sinne der partizipativen Forschung) geben kann." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "This article presents the Germany-wide project Erzählcafés 'Der Start ins Leben' (Storytelling Café - A Good Start in Life) that was launched in 2014 as part of the political protest around birth and obstetrics that is ongoing in Germany. Its aim is to make the experiences of pregnant and birthing women, fathers, midwives and doctors visible in order to provide an alternative to the negative view of obstetrics in Germany. First, the political circumstances will be described. In a second step, the method and main results of the project will be presented. Finally, I discuss whether and how the project may be of use for bringing about political change as well as for developing new methods for the social sciences." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Schwangerschaft; pregnancy; Geburtshilfe; obstetrics; Hebamme; midwife; Mutter; mother; Vater; father; Körper; body; Diskurs; discourse; Gesundheitsversorgung; health care; Geburt; birth; Erzählung; narrative; Erfahrung; experience; Federal Republic of Germany; Gebären; Erzählcafé; Narrative based Medicine; Hebammenprotest; partizipative Forschung
Culture and indigenous women's health: integrative review
Titelübersetzung:A cultura e a saúde da mulher indígena: revisão integrativa
Autor/in:
Silva, Hetiani Barretta da; Diaz, Claudia Maria Gabert; Silva, Kauana Flores da
Quelle: Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 7 (2015) 4, S 3175-3184
Inhalt: Objective: To investigate the reality of health of women and indigenous Guarani people and Kaingáng, bringing reflections on public health policies aimed at the indigenous community and the inclusion of nursing in this context. Method: This is an integrative review conducted in the period from March to July 2010. Results: The studies bring that access to health of indigenous people is still limited, that health actions should consider their culture and other characteristics and the professionals involved in this process need to create links with this population so that actions are effective. Conclusion: it was found the need for a broader and more qualified attention to indigenous mainly to women's health and also noticed the dearth of research on the topic.
Schlagwörter:Kultur; culture; woman; Gesundheit; health; indigene Völker; indigenous peoples; Gesundheitspolitik; health policy; Pflege; caregiving; Gesundheitsdienst; public health services
SSOAR Kategorie:Medizinsoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheitspolitik
Rezension: Sebastian Scheele, 2010: Geschlecht, Gesundheit, Gouvernementalität. Selbstverhältnisse und Geschlechterwissen in der Männergesundheitsförderung
Autor/in:
Tischer, Ulrike
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 4 (2012) 2, S 174-176
Schlagwörter:Gouvernementalität; Gesundheitsverhalten; Gesundheitsvorsorge; Gesundheit; governmentality; health care; Mann; Gesundheitsförderung; Männlichkeit; gender-specific factors; man; health behavior; health promotion; health; masculinity
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Medizinsoziologie, Gesundheitspolitik
Inequality in health care utilization in Germany? Theoretical and empirical evidence for specialist consultation
Titelübersetzung:Ungleichheit bei der medizinischen Versorgung in Deutschland? Theoretische und empirische Evidenz für den Facharztbesuch
Autor/in:
Gruber, Stefan; Kiesel, Markus
Quelle: Journal of Public Health, 18 (2010) 4, S 351-365
Inhalt: Aim: In view of increasing concern about a two-class system in the German health care sector, this study investigates the relevance of health insurance schemes and other socioeconomic characteristics to the level of specialist health care provision. Subjects and Methods: Referring to Ronald M. Andersen’s model of health care utilization and more content-based approaches, we implement a negative binomial hurdle regression to estimate the number of specialist visits within the last 12 months. Our data source is the German sample of the first wave of the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) in 2004. Results: The results show that men’s number of specialist visits is markedly sensitive to predisposing and enabling factors, whereas women’s health care utilization depends less on such socioeconomic characteristics. With reference to previous findings concerning general practitioner consultation, the assumption of a bipolar health care system providing general practitioner care primarily to the statutory insured and specialist care to the privately insured is supported empirically as to men. Education, which is considered to be highly correlated with health lifestyles, has a positive effect on medical health care. Every additional year of education increases by about 10% the probability of men seeking specialist consultation. Furthermore, the results indicate an unfavorable situation for the self-employed concerning health care because of their specific employment situation and health insurance coverage. Discussion: The research results suggest the existence of relevant differences in the amount of specialist consultation according to health insurance and other socioeconomic features. Further research could concentrate on the question of whether these inequalities in utilization levels indicate overprovision or underprovision of ambulant health care. Moreover, we recommend longitudinal research that is particularly suited to detangle age and cohort effects.
Schlagwörter:theory-practice; Theorie; statistische Analyse; health care delivery system; Facharzt; Gesundheitswesen; compulsory health insurance; Federal Republic of Germany; Theorie-Praxis; private health insurance; private Krankenversicherung; man; gesetzliche Krankenversicherung; inequality; statistical analysis; Lebenserwartung; medical specialist; model; health care; life expectancy; Modell; Gesundheitsversorgung; woman; Mann; theory; Ungleichheit; Specialist consultation; Health care utilization; Health insurance; Supply-induced demand; Hurdle regression
Quelle: Journal of Public Health, 18 (2010) 4, S 403-411
Inhalt: Aim: The first goal of this study was to assess the prevalence of different health risk behaviours among Romanian young people. Next, the interrelationship between different health risk behaviours as well as age and gender differences with respect to health risk behaviours were examined. Subjects and methods: Self-administered questionnaires were completed by a sample of 1,598 junior high school students, senior high school students and university students from urban and rural areas of two counties of Romania. Results: The results showed that 31% of junior high school students, 59.7% of senior high school students and 64.8% of university students reported more than one risk behaviour. Many of the risk behaviours were likely to correlate with each other and the strongest correlation was found between smoking, alcohol-related behaviour and precocious sexual intercourse. Factor analysis revealed that among junior high school students all health risk behaviours loaded on one factor. In senior high school students and university students the risk behaviours split into two factors, based probably on their frequency and severity. Factor 1 comprised smoking, alcohol-related behaviours as well as precocious sexual intercourse, while factor 2 included less common behaviours: violence, delinquency and illicit drug use. No gender differences were observed regarding the relationship between health risk behaviours. Conclusion: The results stress the importance of developing prevention programmes among Romanian youth for the behaviours discussed. Further research is needed to identify how to best offer these programmes: as stand-alone programmes or as an integrated set of programmes and whether the same approach has to be taken for younger and older adolescents.
Schlagwörter:Drogenkonsum; drug use; Gesundheit; female pupil; Student; student; Prävention; tobacco consumption; Sexualverhalten; Tabakkonsum; pupil; prevention; Gesundheitspolitik; Romania; Jugendlicher; sex behavior; alcohol consumption; Schülerin; Rumänien; Risikoverhalten; Schüler; health policy; Gesundheitsverhalten; gender; adolescent; health education; Alkoholkonsum; Gesundheitserziehung; risk behavior; health behavior; health; Health risk behaviours; Romanian adolescents; Health education
SSOAR Kategorie:Bildungswesen Sekundarstufe I, Medizinsoziologie, Gesundheitspolitik, Bildungswesen Sekundarstufe II
Quelle: Journal of Public Health, 19 (2010) 3, S 269-280
Inhalt: Aim: The aim of this study was to analyse the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) of primary family caregivers in comparison to the reference values of the average population. Subjects and methods: Data collection took place in the Werra-Meißner district in 2009 with a response rate of 102 primary family caregivers of frail elderly people. The health-related quality of life was measured with the Short Form 36 health survey (SF 36) and compared with the German reference values. Results: Compared to the health values of the normative sample, primary caregivers show significantly lower rates in all dimensions of health-related quality of life. In particular, caregivers between the ages of 53 to 61 report extremely low health values. Caregiving women compared to non-caregiving women have highly significant differences in all subscales of the SF 36. Caregiving men also report highly significant differences to non-caregiving men in all dimensions of the SF 36 except for Physical Functioning and General Health (p < 0.01). Caregivers in general and especially caregiving women aged 53 to 61 (midlife) were identified as at-risk groups for poor health. The latter report lower vitality and well-being, which may be a consequence of both social isolation and social impacts from multiple role demands. Conclusion: The identified high-risk groups of family caregivers, caregivers in midlife and especially caregiving women in midlife, should be supported by social measures, e.g., training courses for family caregivers, particularly in their home setting, and various types of respite care in order to sustain their health.
Schlagwörter:psychische Belastung; Gesundheit; alter Mensch; family member; Lebensqualität; Hessen; risk; health consequences; Federal Republic of Germany; häusliche Pflege; nursing care for the elderly; psychological stress; quality of life; Auswirkung; Risiko; home care; Krankheit; Altenpflege; Hesse; impact; elderly; gesundheitliche Folgen; gender-specific factors; health; Familienangehöriger; illness; family caregiver; health-related quality of life; SF 36; gender differences
A 'little world of your own': stigma, gender and narratives of venereal disease contact tracing
Autor/in:
Kampf, Antje
Quelle: Health, 12 (2008) 2, S 233-250
Inhalt: As in other countries, in order to protect the public from venereal disease (syphilis and gonorrhoea), contact tracing in New Zealand has been a public health strategy since the mid-20th century. So far, scholars have predominantly focused on the aspect of control of the cases traced. Based on a rare interview with a female contact tracer, together with a range of archival material, this article aims to expand the scholarship by focusing on the tracer instead of the patient. Using Erving Goffman's original concept of 'courtesy stigma', the article will show that his idea can be nuanced to take into account contact tracers and the ways in which this stigma can be refracted through gender. Working as a tracer had a distinct impact on her life and possibly even her marital status, which were compromised by secrecy, stigma, morality and the demands of public health policies — aspects that were, paradoxically, quite similar to those she traced. The courtesy stigma that contact tracers for venereal disease acquired limited their professional options, as well as isolated them in the non-stigmatized social world.
Schlagwörter:Stigma; gender; stigma; Gender; contact tracing; New Zealand; venereal disease
Quelle: Public Health und Pflege: zwei neue gesundheitswissenschaftliche Disziplinen. Berlin, 2004, S 175-189
Inhalt: Die Autorin analysiert die Arbeitsmarktperspektiven für Pflegeberufe und die Ursachen des Pflegenotstandes im Rahmen der bisherigen Arbeitsmarktpolitik. Gesundheits- und Pflegeberufe, so die Eingangsthese, stellen einen umfangreichen Teilarbeitsmarkt dar, den sie detaillierter nach Berufen unterscheidet. Für den "Pflegenotstand" im Sinne eines Arbeitskräftemangels bei den Pflegeberufen diskutiert sie vier Ursachenbereiche (Konzentration des Leistungsgeschehens in der beruflichen Pflege, mangelnde Attraktivität der Berufe, etc.). Daran anknüpfend beschreibt sie den prognostizierten künftigen Arbeitskräftebedarf in der Kranken- und Altenpflege und mögliche künftige Strategien zur Arbeitskräftegewinnung in den Pflegeberufen. (rk)
Schlagwörter:Pflegepersonal; nursing staff; Gesundheitsberuf; health occupations; Gesundheit; health; Gesundheitswesen; health care delivery system; Gesundheitspolitik; health policy; Krankheit; illness; Federal Republic of Germany; Arbeitsmarktpolitik; labor market policy; Pflege; caregiving; Krankenpflege; nursing; Altenpflege; nursing care for the elderly; Pflegeberuf; nursing occupation; Arbeitsmarkt; labor market; Gesundheitswirtschaft; health industry; Beschäftigungsentwicklung; employment trend; Arbeitsmarktentwicklung; labor market trend; gender-specific factors; Pflegeheim; nursing home
Das Gesundheitswesen in Österreich: neue Trends und neue Fakten
Titelübersetzung:The health care delivery system in Austria: new trends and new facts
Autor/in:
Hofmarcher, Maria M.
Quelle: Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien; Wien (Reihe Soziologie / Institut für Höhere Studien, Abt. Soziologie, 19), 1997. 36 S
Inhalt: 'Die Beschäftigung im Gesundheitswesen wächst erheblich schneller als die Gesamtbeschäftigung, aber auch schneller als jene im Dienstleistungssektor. Und dies ausnahmslos in allen Bundesländern. Das Gesundheitswesen ist eine 'Wachstumsbranche' und bleibt damit ein wichtiger Arbeitsmarkt für Frauen. Österreichdurchschnittlich waren 1994 knapp vier mal soviele Frauen im Gesundheitswesen beschäftigt als im Dienstleistungssektor und mehr als fünf mal soviele wie bei den Aktiv-Beschäftigten insgesamt. In der Gegenüberstellung mit 11 hochentwickelten OECD-Staaten lag Österreich mit dem Indikator Bruttoinlandsprodukt pro Kopf an fünfter Stelle. Mit dem Indikator Gesundheitsausgaben bezog Österreich 1995 das untere Mittelfeld. Bei der Gegenüberstellung des Gesundheitszustandes, gemessen an der Verringerung verlorener Lebensjahre lag Österreich im Spitzenfeld. Die aggregierte Performance des österreichischen Gesundheitswesens, gemessen an der Verringerung des 'Sterbens vor der Zeit', ist vergleichsweise sehr gut. Ferner weist die stetige Verringerung der Verweildauer bei gleichzeitig höheren Aufnahmeraten und höheren Fallzahlen pro Bett auf Produktivitätsverbesserungen im stationären Sektor hin. Darüber hinaus ist die Verringerung des potentiell vermeidbaren 'Sterbens vor der Zeit' aus qualitativer Sicht ein entscheidender Produktivitätsfortschritt.' (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: 'Between 1986 and 1994 employment in the health sector in Austria has grown abundantly faster than in the whole economy and also faster than in the service sector. The health sector is an important labour market for women and as a growth sector it remains to supply fair employment opportunities for women. In 1994 the proportion of women working in the health field was about fourfold compared to the sex ratio in the service sector and more than fivefold compared to total employment. Compared to 11 highly developed OECD-countries Austria's per capita income in 1994 happened to be upon the highest. In contrasting the performance of the Austrian health system it can be shown that the GDP-share of health expenditures is less than average. Furthermore, taking outcome into account, premature death - measured in the potential years life lost - is been lowest in Austria. Hence, the aggregate performance of the Austrian health system is comparatively very good. In addition, the steady decrease of the average length of stay accompained by increasing admission rates and turnover rates indicates productivity improvements in the hospital sector. Moreover, to abate premature death is a decisive productivity gain, consistent with quality improvements.' (author's abstract)|
Schlagwörter:Arbeitsmarkt; Austria; national state; health care delivery system; Gesundheitswesen; Staat; Bruttoinlandsprodukt; Österreich; Indikator; indicator; woman; tertiärer Sektor; Gesundheitszustand; dying; employment; tertiary sector; OECD; health status; gross domestic product; OECD; Sterben; Beschäftigung; labor market