Inhalt: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. The under-representation of women in research and innovation has been documented as a global phenomenon and is particularly heightened on decision-making boards and in leadership positions. Presenting a reflexive approach to gender equality for research organisations developed within the TARGET project, funded by the European Commission, the authors describe the experiences of the project's implementation in seven Gender Equality Innovating Institutions in the Mediterranean basin - including research performing organisations, research funding organisations and a network of universities. The TARGET approach goes beyond the formal adoption of a gender equality policy by emphasising an iterative and reflexive process towards equality at the institutional level as well as the establishment of a community of practice for gender equality within the institution. The approach is based on the assumption that actual change is the result of increased institutional willingness and capacity to identify, reflect on and address gender bias in a sustained way. Starting point and anchor of the process is a tailored gender equality plan for each institution. A specific characteristic of TARGET is the fact that implementing institutions are located in countries which have been characterised as relatively 'inactive' in developing gender equality policies in science and research. Therefore, internal and external communication about the relevance of gender equality in science and research forms an important element of a reflexive gender equality policy in contexts which are characterised by resistances, anti-genderism and traditional gender roles. This book will therefore be essential reading for higher education leaders and managers, and staff at all levels committed to achieving gender equity in higher education. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
Schlagwörter:europäischer Forschungsraum; european research area; Forschungseinrichtung; gender equality; gender equality measures; gender equality plan; gender equality policy; gender monitoring; Geschlechtergleichstellung; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; Gleichstellungsplan; Gleichstellungspolitik; higher education; Hochschule; Organisational Change; Organisationsentwicklung; Organisationswandel; research funding organisation; research organization; research performing organisation; Southeast Europe; structural change; Strukturreform; Südosteuropa; Transformation; transformative change
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Fördermaßnahmen, Frauen- und Gleichstellungsbeauftragte, Geschlechterverhältnis, Gleichstellungspolitik
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 15–32
Inhalt: Gender equality plans (GEPs) are currently the preferred approach to initiate structural change towards gender equality in research organisations. In order to achieve structural change, GEPs have to be more than just a formally adopted institutional policy. Effective GEPs lead to a transformation of gendered practices and thus to structural change. This chapter presents the innovative approach developed for an H2020 structural change project and its theoretical background. We argue that due to the dual logic, which characterises academic organisations, the organisational logic and the academic logic, change is a complex endeavour. To deal with this complexity, one of the main functions of a GEP is to provide space and initiate reflexivity at an individual as well as at an institutional level. A theory of change approach supports reflexivity in all stages of a GEP as it ensures that basic assumptions of the institutional change process are questioned and reflected on by the different stakeholder groups involved in the implementation.
Schlagwörter:gender equality plan; institutional transformation; Reflexivity; research and innovation; resistance; theory of change
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Relevance of Monitoring for a Reflexive Gender Equality Policy
Autor/in:
Wroblewski, Angela; Leitner, Andrea
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 33–52
Schlagwörter:gender equality plan; gender indicators; gender monitoring; Gleichstellungsplan; Monitoring; Reflexivity; research funding organisation; research performing organisation
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 199–212
Inhalt: This chapter provides some concluding reflections on the different experiences of structural change encountered by the TARGET partners. The various TARGET partners had different roles in the structural change processes: seven organisations designed, implemented and monitored gender equality plans (GEPs) for the first time, two organisations provided tailored support to implementing institutions and one organisation evaluated GEP implementation. This edited volume provides an account of these diverse experiences of engaging with and catalysing structural change in very different research organisations operating in extremely different contexts both within the EU and beyond. The volume thus contributes to the growing body of literature generated from structural change projects by offering a specific focus on the TARGET approach. The TARGET process of structural change – undertaken through the development and implementation of tailored, evidence-based GEPs – was found to be strengthened through formal top management commitment and by taking a reflexive approach that was powered by communities of practice and supported by financial resources, gender expertise as well as gender and organisational change competences. Engaged institutions thus managed to overcome unfavourable conditions and implement tailor-made, context-specific interventions, some of them in areas at the cutting edge of topics and issues linked to gender equality in research and innovation such as tackling sexual harassment, sustainability and integrating the gender dimension into research content and curricula.
Schlagwörter:Communities of Practice; europäischer Forschungsraum; european research area; gender equality plan; Gleichstellungsplan; research and innovation; research funding organisation; research performing organisation; structural change; Strukturwandel
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Re-visiting Gender Equality Policy and the Role of University Top Management
Autor/in:
Lipinsky, Anke; Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Gender, Power and Higher Education in a Globalised World. Pat O'Connor (Hrsg.), Kate White (Hrsg.), Cham: Springer International Publishing; Imprint Palgrave. 2021, S 163–186
Women in Higher Education Management : Agents for Cultural and Structural Change?
Autor/in:
Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Soc. Sci. (Social Sciences), 8 (2019) 6, 172 S
Inhalt: This article examines whether and under which conditions a rising participation of women in higher education management contributes to cultural and structural change in science and research. In Austria, the introduction of a statutory quota regulation for university decision-making bodies like the rectorate, the senate, or the university council brought about a rapid and substantial increase in the share of female rectors and vice rectors. However, there are also gender-specific differences among rectorate members: women are significantly younger than men when they take up a rectorate position and switch less frequently from a professorship to such a position. This situation and the gender expertise of the rectors and vice rectors themselves contribute to the potential for change. Explicit gender equality goals and the establishment of gender competence as a qualification criterion for all rectors and vice rectors would be needed to make use of the potential of women in the rectorate to be agents for cultural and structural change.
The practice and perceptions of RRI-A gender perspective
Autor/in:
Bührer, Susanne; Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Evaluation and program planning, 77 (2019)
Inhalt: Little is known to date about the practice and perceptions of RRI among researchers in Europe as well as the integration of the gender dimension into everyday RRI practices. This lack was addressed by two large-scale surveys that were launched in the course of the EU-funded MoRRI project (Monitoring the evolution and benefits of RRI, Contract number RTD-B6-PP-00964-2013, Duration 09/2013-03/2018). The analysis shows that the institutional environment positively influences the degree of RRI activities and the general attitudes towards more responsible research and innovation: researchers working in an institutional environment that systematically supports the practice of RRI are more active in RRI practices than researchers who do not rely on such structures. For the gender equality dimension, this means that institutions with a gender equality plan (GEP) in place are more inclined to support female researchers than institutions without such institutional incentives. Furthermore, researchers with experiences in EU-funded projects are more likely to be engaged in RRI activities. Even if female researchers have a stronger inclination to engage with society than their male counterparts, gender competence proves to be the relevant distinguishing criterion. Gender competent researchers are more often involved in other RRI activities.
Schlagwörter:European research and innovation policy; Forschungspolitik; Gender competence; gender equality; Genderkompetenz; Gleichstellungspolitik; Governance; responsible research and innovation
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Inhalt: Since the turn of the century, the topic of gender equality in science and research has been intensively discussed. Accordingly, a broad range of literature, pilot projects and empirical evidence is available which deals with gender inequalities in this area. This provides the starting point for the discussion on gender within responsible research and innovation (RRI) and the development of indicators for the gender dimension in RRI. Following the recent political and scientific discourse, gender equality is defined as a three-dimensional construct aiming at: · integration of women in all fields and at all levels in research and innovation (reduction of horizontal and vertical segregation); · structural change in research institutions in order to abolish structural barriers for women (e.g. through the implementation of comprehensive equality plans, quotas for women, transparent decision-making); · integration of gender in the content of research and innovation to ensure that women’s needs and interests are adequately addressed. The goal of the dimension report on gender equality is, therefore, to outline a first set of indicators that represents gender equality in this comprehensive sense and allows comparative analyses for EU countries over time based on a literature and data review. The first set of indicators developed for the dimension report covers all three of the above aspects, although they do differ in terms of accuracy with regard to the underlying construct to be measured, comparability between EU Member States and availability in time series terms. The first dimension of gender equality, female participation, includes eight indicators and is, therefore, well represented – especially for the university sector. The situation for female researchers in the non-university sector is covered less comprehensively. The proposed indicators include the share of female researchers by sector and an estimation of how long it will take to achieve equality in gender participation in science and research based on recent trends in female participation. The dissimilarity index represents horizontal gender segregation. Vertical segregation is indicated by the glass ceiling index as well as the number of graduates and female academic staff by grade indicators. Women’s access to top management positions is covered by the share of female heads of research performing organisations (RPO). An additional indicator focuses on the project level and represents the gender composition of teams and management in EU funded projects. Although there have been numerous pilot projects and case studies which focus on the implementation of equality policies in research funding organisations (RFO) and research performing organisations, there is less information available for a representative analysis covering several countries. Furthermore, only selective information is available on the integration of gender in research content. This is also due to the fact that administrative data do not yet by default consider gender aspects. However, recent initiatives by the Helsinki Group and the development of a monitoring system for European Research Area (ERA) goals have initiated progress in this respect.
Schlagwörter:data analysis; Datenauswertung; Datenquellen; Europäischer Forschungsraum; Gleichstellung in der EU; indicators; Indikatoren; Monitoring
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Statistik und statistische Daten
Quelle: Kommission für Migrations- und Integrationsforschung, Österreichische Akademie der Wissenschaften; Herzog-Punzenberger, Barbara; Wien (KMI Working Paper Series, Nr. 10), 2006. 92 S.
Inhalt: Der vorliegende Beitrag dokumentiert die Beiträge der Tagung "Bildungsbe/nach/teiligung und Migration - in Österreich und im internationalen Vergleich", die am 6. Dezember 2006 abgehaltenen wurde. Die hier versammelten Beiträge stellen eine Auswahl dar, die weniger inhaltlich als organisationstechnisch ist. Es geht um die Forschungslage in Österreich und um die Hintergründe der Bildungsbenachteiligung von MigrantInnen in Österreich. Die Studien dazu zielen auf die Fragen, welche soziale Position MigrantInnen im Vergleich zu der einheimischen Wiener Bevölkerung einnehmen und welche soziale Position die zweite Generation gegenüber der ersten Generation einnimmt (mit Berufssituation als zentraler Dimension). Die Bildungsbeteiligung der zweiten Generation sowie die Bildungsabschlüsse der ersten im Vergleich zur zweiten Generation bilden dabei den Schwerpunkt der Betrachtung. Als empirische Grundlage wird der Datensatz "Leben und Lebensqualität in Wien II" aus dem Jahr 2003 herangezogen, der es ermöglicht, nach Zuwanderungsgenerationen zu unterscheiden. Zur Beantwortung der oben formulierten Fragen werden Gruppenvergleiche vorgenommen; die Analyse konzentriert sich insbesondere auf Unterscheidungen nach Zuwanderungsgeneration und ethnischer Herkunft. Darüber hinaus werden Probleme, die bei der Analyse insbesondere der Bildungsbeteiligung bzw. Bildungsabschlüsse aufgetreten sind, thematisiert. So soll beispielsweise der Vergleichbarkeit und Angemessenheit der Bildungsindikatoren nachgegangen sowie mögliche Lösungen vorgestellt werden. (ICD2)
Schlagwörter:Österreich; PISA-Studie; Migrant; Bildung; Bildungsabschluss; Bildungschance; Chancengleichheit; Bildungsverlauf; Sprache
CEWS Kategorie:Bildung und Erziehung, Migration und Migrantinnen, Europa und Internationales