The Role of Intersectionality and Context in Measuring Gender-Based Violence in Universities and Research-Performing Organizations in Europe for the Development of Inclusive Structural Interventions
Inhalt: The aim of the article is to discuss how thinking about gender-based violence intersectionally and in context can not only enrich our understanding but also lead to transformative change in organizations. The article argues that to better understand gender-based violence in universities and research institutions, analyses need to be intersectional and contextual. Such approaches go beyond binary understandings of gender and narrow legalistic definitions of gender-based violence. The article reflects on how to operationalize this to derive starting points for intersectional categories to consider and contextual factors to measure at micro-, meso-, and macro-levels. It concludes that a multilevel intersectional analysis leads to more nuanced knowledge on experiences of gender-based violence and is, therefore, better equipped to inform the development of measures to eradicate the problem in an inclusive way.
Inhalt: In this introduction to the Special Issue on Gender, Race and Violence, we go back to the roots of intersectionality and foreground an intersectional lens in our examination of violence against women and non-binary people of color. We argue that it is important to address the persistent “epistemic violence” resultant from silencing the most marginal, by featuring works that call attention to and examine violence against groups subjected to the “interlocking oppressions” of race, class, gender, and sexuality. The articles in the Special Issue re-directs the sociological analysis of violence to foreground scholarship that engages in the gendered and racial appraisal of violence. Studies included in the issue also foreground sexuality, which has largely been neglected in the intersectional analysis of violence. In so doing, we nod to both the past and the future of intersectionality in studies of violence.
University housing reinforces the negative relationship between interpersonal violence, psychological distress, and suicidality in undergraduates, particularly among gender diverse students
Autor/in:
Heller, Abigail T.; Berg, Sergey S.; Prichard, J. Roxanne
Quelle: Journal of American College Health, 71 (2023) 1, S 102–110
Inhalt: OBJECTIVE
To compare academic and mental health outcomes across diverse gender identities in the context of interpersonal violence and campus housing.
PARTICIPANTS
45,549 students from 124 self-selected post-secondary institutions.
METHODS
Various academic and health measures from the National College Health Assessment Spring 2017 dataset were analyzed for differences across five gender identities (cis women, cis men, transwomen, transmen, and genderqueer students), and two housing categories (university housing and non-university housing).
RESULTS
When compared to cisgender peers, gender diverse students reported greater experiences of interpersonal violence and higher levels of negative academic and mental health outcomes. Living in university housing was associated with an increase in these disparities.
CONCLUSIONS
University housing, which usually reinforces fixed gender binaries, is associated with worse outcomes for gender diverse students. These data can help higher education institutions better understand and address problems that disproportionately impact transgender and gender diverse students, who represent a growing demographic.
Queer Positionality and Researching University Lad Culture
Autor/in:
Stenson, Annis Elizabeth
Quelle: Social Sciences, 11 (2022) 12, 562 S
Inhalt: This paper reflects on my experiences as a queer researcher investigating the relationship between university lad culture and gender-related violence. Gender-related violence is analysed as a useful conceptual tool for considering lad culture, owing to the relationship between lad culture and sexual violence, LGBT-phobia and the privileging of white, young, heterosexual men within lad culture. Using reflections from my doctoral case study research, in which I collected data from self-identified ‘lads’ (5 in-depth interviews), I will consider the challenges and benefits of my researcher position in relation the research methodology. Then, using a re-analysis of interviews, I will argue that my researcher position led to certain presentations of lad culture from my participants. Self-Identified Lad (SIL) participants presented themselves as distant from lad culture, showed queerness/hid homophobia within lad culture and were willing to discuss sexual violence. While the case study yielded only a small sample of SILs, a benefit of my researcher position is that this project was the first to conduct interviews with LGB lads and one female lad. My queer feminist position has therefore produced a unique insight into lads who identify with lad culture but discursively position themselves as fringe members. This contributes to theorisations of a laddish continuum, and allows us to consider why some self-identified lads are on the fringes, and what this tells us about lad culture
“The ethos expected from a management professor forces us to act straight”: Heterosexist harassment against gay professors in Brazil
Autor/in:
Freitas Oleto, Alice de; Palhares, José Vitor
Quelle: Gend Work Organ (Gender, Work and Organization), (2022)
Inhalt: This study aims to analyze how gay Brazilian professors experience heterosexist harassment and the implications of this type of violence for the interpersonal relationships of these professors and for the teaching-learning process in the academic environment. To this end, we conducted an exploratory study with a qualitative approach. The data were collected through an online survey using the Google Forms platform based on cases reported by 13 gay Brazilian professors working in a technological or higher education institution at the time of the harassment. Our data suggest that most respondents suffered heterosexist harassment in the workplace with violence being more explicit when the professor is more effeminate. Furthermore, we found that the naturalization of games considered harmless and homophobic jokes in the workplace can compromise the fight against heterosexist harassment in organizations. As a result, respondents report behavioral and workplace changes to fit into social norms and to be socially accepted, physical and psychological problems, professional and interpersonal relationships, adversely affecting educational experiences.
Trans faculty and queer battle fatigue: : poetic (re)presentations of navigating identity politics in the academy
Autor/in:
Robinson, Sean
Quelle: International Journal of Qualitative Studies in Education, 35 (2022) 9, S 911–927
Inhalt: Research on the experiences of trans* employees show that trans* individuals face disproportionate levels of harassment, discrimination, violence, and forms of aggression in the workplace. While broader organizational and workplace research exploring issues of trans* employees may be transferrable to higher education settings, higher education nevertheless has specific needs that make it distinctly different from non-higher education work environments. Although organizational scholars writing on workplace discrimination issues have offered recommendations for increasing trans-affirmation in workplace environments, little research has focused exclusively on trans* faculty on college and university campuses. Responding to calls for a nuanced understanding of trans* educators in more creative ways, this article (re)presents the experiences of six trans* identified post-secondary faculty in the format of a found poem that weaves together the voices of the participants into a collective narrative. When read through the lens of queer battle fatigue, the poem highlights the violence, marginalization, and forms of aggression experienced by trans* individuals that lead to feelings of exhaustion.
The Intersection of Gender Identity and Violence: : Victimization Experienced by Transgender College Students
Autor/in:
Griner, Stacey B.; Vamos, Cheryl A.; Thompson, Erika L.; Logan, Rachel; Vázquez-Otero, Coralia; Daley, Ellen M.
Quelle: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 35 (2020) 23-24, S 5704–5725
Inhalt: College students disproportionately experience victimization, stalking, and relationship violence when compared with other groups. Few studies explore victimization by the gender identity of college students, including those who identify as transgender. The purpose of this study is to explore the rates of violence experienced by transgender students compared with male and female college students. This study utilized the National College Health Assessment-II (NCHA-II) and included data from students (n = 82,538) across fall 2011, 2012, and 2013. Bivariate statistics and binary logistic regression were conducted to test the relationships between gender identity and victimization. Transgender students (n = 204) were compared with male (n = 27,322) and female (n = 55,012) students. After adjusting for individual factors, transgender students had higher odds of experiencing all nine types of violence when compared with males and higher odds of experiencing eight types of violence than females. Transgender students experienced the highest odds in crimes involving sexual victimization, including attempted sexual penetration (adjusted odds ratio [aOR]: 9.49, 95% confidence interval [CI] = [6.17, 14.59], d = 1.00), sexual penetration without consent (aOR: 9.06, 95% CI = [5.64, 14.53], d = 0.94), and being in a sexually abusive relationship (aOR: 6.48, 95% CI = [4.01, 10.49], d = 0.48), than did male students. Findings reveal increased odds of victimization among transgender students when compared with male and female students. Results demonstrate the need for more comprehensive violence prevention efforts in college settings.
Schlagwörter:gender identity; gender-based violence; higher education; sexual violence; Transgeschlechtlichkeit
CEWS Kategorie:Diversity, Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
From radical black feminism to postfeminist hashtags: re-claiming intersectionality
Autor/in:
Villesèche, Florence; Muhr, Sara Louise; Sliwa, Martyna
Quelle: ephemera. theory & politics in organization, 18 (2018) 1, S 1–16
Inhalt: The term ‘intersectionality’ was coined by legal theorist Kimberlé Crenshaw in the late 1980s. Originally, it referred specifically to the vulnerable position of black women victims of domestic violence in the socio-legal context of the United States. In a nutshell, Crenshaw argues that the particular situation of black women cannot be equated with that of white women victims or with the larger discrimination faced by the black population, and thus the legal apparatus is not conceived to appropriately consider their cases. In addition, an underlying aim was to contest the assumed ‘colour-blindness, neutrality and objectivity’ of the criminal justice system in the US (Nash, 2008: 2; Crenshaw, 1989). Besides its root in the legal field, the term ‘intersectionality’ mirrors debates brought about by radical black feminists in the previous decades and which centres on a critique of a western, white feminism that claims universal reach.
Schlagwörter:binary; epistemology; Feminism; Gruppe; Identität; Identity; Individuum; Intersectionality; Kategorie; Konstruktion; Konstruktivismus; Medien; Postfeminism; Postkolonialismus; race; Social aspects; Theorie; theory
CEWS Kategorie:Diversity, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Interrogating violence against women and state violence policy : Gendered intersectionalities and the quality of policy in The Netherlands, Sweden and the UK
Inhalt: This article builds on feminist scholarship on intersectionality to address violence against women, and state policy thereon. It takes up the challenge of analyzing the complex, situated and spatial relationship between theorizing on violence against women and state policy on such violence. Drawing on extensive comparative European data, it explores the relations of gender and intersectionality, conceptualized as gendered intersectionalities, by examining how multiple inequalities are made visible and invisible in state policy and debates in the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK. Attention is paid to different forms of gendered intersectionalities in policy, for example, tendencies to degender violence against women. A key aim of the article is to investigate how comparative analysis can be a starting point for assessing if, how and to what extent the inclusion of multiple inequalities could increase the quality of policy, for both reducing and stopping violence, and assisting those subject to violence.
Schlagwörter:comparative Europe; Diversitätsdimensionen; Europa; Europe; Gewalt gegen Frauen; inequality; intersectionality; Intersektionalität; Netherlands; Policy; Sweden; UK; violence against women; Niederlande; Schweden;
CEWS Kategorie:Diversity, Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt