Inhalt: Dieser Beitrag erforscht die Zeitverwendung von Kindern und Jugendlichen im Alter von 10 bis 17 Jahren auf bildungsnahe Aktivitäten und beleuchtet dabei insbesondere die Rolle gleichartiger elterlicher Aktivitäten. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sogenannte Spiegelkorrelationen der Zeitverwendung auch dann signifikant sind, wenn für die üblichen sozio-demografischen Merkmale der Kinder und der Eltern kontrolliert wird. Die multivariaten Analysen differenzieren zwischen sechs Aktivitätengruppen, die jeweils separat für die Kindesaltersgruppen 10-13 Jahre und 14-17 Jahre geschätzt werden. Bezüglich der einzelnen Aktivitäten finden wir spezifische Muster nach Geschlecht und Erwerbsstatus der Eltern sowie Unterschiede zwischen Werk- und Wochenendtagen. Die stärksten Korrelationen betreffen die Mediennutzung der Väter und Mütter. Für Väter kommen signifikante Assoziationen in den Bereichen Sport und Spiele, für Mütter in den Bereichen Kunst und Kultur hinzu.

Inhalt: This article explores the determinants of the time use of children aged 10 to 17 for educational activities, focusing in particular on the role of corresponding parental educational activities. Results show significant correlations even when the usual socio-demographic characteristics of children and parents are controlled for. Multivariate analyses differentiate between six activity groups which are separately estimated for children aged 10 to 13 and 14 to 17, respectively. We find specific patterns for parental gender and employment status. Moreover, associations vary between working days and weekend. Strongest mirror correlations are found for media-related activities, both for mothers and fathers. In addition, children's time use exhibits significant correlations to mothers' time use with respect to cultural activities and arts, and to fathers’ time use concerning sports and games.

Schlagwörter:Zeitverwendung; time budgeting; Eltern; parents; Kind; child; Jugendlicher; adolescent; informelles Lernen; informal learning; Freizeitbeschäftigung; recreational activity; gender-specific factors; demographische Faktoren; demographic factors; soziale Faktoren; social factors; Alltag; everyday life; Wochenende; weekend; Federal Republic of Germany; bildungsnahe Aktivitäten; Paarhaushalte; Spiegelkorrelationen

SSOAR Kategorie:Familiensoziologie, Sexualsoziologie, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.3224/zff.v30i1.04

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: This article is based on data collected during a qualitative survey on children's leisure practices and family socialisation patterns. The paper focuses more specifically on the cross effects of gender and social class on the construction of body hexis and relationship to sports. The results show that several dimensions of family habitus must be taken into account: lifestyles, way in which parents divide the tasks of raising children and relationship they have with social competition or gender norms. Moreover, taking these different dimensions into account must be accompanied by an analysis of the concrete modes of socialization within the family and the practice context.

Schlagwörter:Sozialisation; socialization; gender; Kind; sports; child; soziale Klasse; social class; Sport; body hexis; relationship to sport; gender

SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.14746/sr.2018.2.1.06

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Adoleszente Lebenswelten sind von gesellschaftlichen Wandlungsprozessen geprägt, wobei allen voran die Mediatisierung Heranwachsende vor neue Herausforderungen und jugendspezifische Entwicklungsaufgaben stellt. Medien treten zunehmend in Konkurrenz zu etablierten Sozialisationsinstanzen und insbesondere neue, soziale Medien gewinnen an Bedeutung und tragen zu einem Wandel der Freizeitgestaltung von Jugendlichen bei. Diese Entwicklungen werfen die Frage auf, ob die Mediatisierung der jugendlichen Lebenswelten sportliche Aktivitäten verdrängt und Jugendliche zu medienfixierten Stubenhockern werden, die nur noch virtuell interagieren. Vor dem theoretischen Hintergrund der Verdrängungs-, Verstärkungs- oder Unabhängigkeitsthese des sportlichen und medialen Handelns wird die gegenseitige Beeinflussung von Sportaktivität einerseits und Nutzung des Internets bzw. sozialer Netzwerke von Jugendlichen andererseits untersucht und die Frage nach geschlechtsübergreifenden oder -typischen Mustern im Zusammenhang von Sport- und Internethandeln analysiert. Als empirische Grundlage dient die MediKuS-Studie des Deutschen Jugendinstituts von 2011/2012, aus der die Daten der 13- bis 17-Jährigen (n=1789) zur Beantwortung der Fragen sekundäranalytisch ausgewertet wurden." (Autorenreferat)

Inhalt: "Adolescent environments are strongly influenced by societal change processes; first and foremost the medialization shapes diverse new challenges and developmental tasks for the youth. Media is increasingly competing with major agents for socialization. Particularly new and social media gain influence and contribute to changes in adolescent leisure patterns. This development raises the question, if the medialization displaces sports activities and teenagers therefore become media-fixed couch potatoes that are only virtually interacting instead of being physically active. Against the background of three theses - namely displacement, engagement or independence of sport and media orientated leisure activities - the aim of the research is a quantitative analysis of the mutual interference of sports and the use of the internet and social networking sites. Furthermore gendered patterns concerning the relation of sport and media orientated activities will be examined. The empirical analysis is based on the MediKuS study - a study of cultural-, sport- and media-orientated leisure activities of adolescents - carried out by the German Youth Institute in 2011/2012. To answer the questions the authors refer to the dataset of the 13- to 17-years old adolescents." (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:Jugendlicher; adolescent; Adoleszenz; adolescence; Freizeitbeschäftigung; recreational activity; Soziale Medien; social media; Internet; Internet; Nutzung; utilization; Sport; sports; körperliche Bewegung; physical exercise; Sozialisationsbedingung; condition of socialization; gender-specific factors; soziale Faktoren; social factors; demographische Faktoren; demographic factors; Federal Republic of Germany; Verdrängungs- und Vervielfältigungsthese

SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v12i1.05

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Der Überblicksbeitrag stellt Forschungsbefunde zu den Sport- und Bewegungsaktivitäten von Heranwachsenden in Deutschland vor. Anknüpfend an die 1989 von Zinnecker postulierte These einer 'Versportung des Jugendalters', fragt der Beitrag in einem ersten Schritt, ob sich die damals diagnostizierten Entwicklungstendenzen an aktuellen Daten (noch immer) aufzeigen lassen: Ist die Sportbeteiligung noch immer ansteigend? Verringern sich die Geschlechterunterschiede im Vereinssport weiterhin? Hat eine Pluralisierung des Sporttreibens stattgefunden? In einem zweiten Schritt stellen wir der Versportungsthese die ebenfalls weit verbreitete (und zunächst widersprüchlich dazu erscheinende) Diagnose einer zurückgehenden Bewegungsaktivität gegenüber. (Wie) Kann es sein, dass trotz der hohen Sportbeteiligung viele Jugendliche dennoch die Bewegungsempfehlungen von Gesundheitsorganisationen nicht erreichen?" (Autorenreferat)

Inhalt: "This review article summarizes scientific research on sports and physical activities of youths in Germany. Following Zinnecker's claims from 1989 that a process of 'sportization of youth' has taken place, this article, in a first step, will ask whether the trends and tendencies diagnosed at that time can (still) be demonstrated with recent data: Is participation in sports still increasing today? Are girls catching up with boys with regard to club-organized sport participation? Has a pluralization of sport taken place? In a second step, we confront the assumption of a sportization process with the widespread (and apparently contradictory) diagnosis of decreasing levels of physical activity. (How) Is it possible that despite high levels of sports participation many of today's youths are still not meeting levels of physical activity, recommended by health authorities?" (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:Gesundheitsverhalten; sports; adolescent; sports club; leisure time behavior; Sport; Freizeitverhalten; körperliche Bewegung; Federal Republic of Germany; Jugendlicher; Sportverein; gender-specific factors; health behavior; physical exercise; körperliche Aktivität; aktuelle Trends

SSOAR Kategorie:Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.3224/diskurs.v12i4.01

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: The following opinion piece concerns a reading of the work of Angela Davis and its application to the research on sport and social inclusion. It has the following aims: first, we use her work to argue that racism, as constituted via economics, helps to construct gender; second, we suggest that research on sport and social inclusion would do well to consider the work of Davis in forming a more complex reading of what it means to invite the participation -or inclusion- of women and girls in sport, both racialized and non-racialized.

Schlagwörter:Inklusion; inclusion; soziale Klasse; social class; Rassismus; racism; gender; Sklaverei; slavery; Sport; sports

SSOAR Kategorie:Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie, soziale Probleme

Verfügbarkeit:https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/...

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Sports participation can confer a range of physical and psychosocial benefits and, for refugee and migrant youth, may even act as a critical mediator for achieving positive settlement and engaging meaningfully in Australian society. This group has low participation rates however, with identified barriers including costs; discrimination and a lack of cultural sensitivity in sporting environments; lack of knowledge of mainstream sports services on the part of refugee-background settlers; inadequate access to transport; culturally determined gender norms; and family attitudes. Organisations in various sectors have devised programs and strategies for addressing these participation barriers. In many cases however, these responses appear to be ad hoc and under-theorised. This article reports findings from a qualitative exploratory study conducted in a range of settings to examine the benefits, challenges and shortcomings associated with different participation models. Interview participants were drawn from non-government organisations, local governments, schools, and sports clubs. Three distinct models of participation were identified, including short term programs for refugee-background children; ongoing programs for refugee-background children and youth; and integration into mainstream clubs. These models are discussed in terms of their relative challenges and benefits and their capacity to promote sustainable engagement and social inclusion for this population group.

Schlagwörter:Migrant; migrant; Flüchtling; refugee; Jugendlicher; adolescent; Inklusion; inclusion; Beteiligung; participation; Sport; sports; soziale Integration; social integration; Kind; child; Förderung; promotion; kulturelle Faktoren; cultural factors

SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie, Sozialwesen, Sozialplanung, Sozialarbeit, Sozialpädagogik

Verfügbarkeit:https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/...

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: The sport for development and peace (SDP) sector is made up of various development-focused policies and programs that seek to engage, stabilise, empower and create social and economic change. SDP projects, most often run by non-governmental organisations (NGOs), have been implemented in regions enduring physical conflicts, health pandemics, major gender divisions and other social crises that have a great impact on youth. In this context, sport has been accorded the difficult task of facilitating greater access for marginal, vulnerable or community groups whilst positively contributing to the attainment of diverse development objectives. While the ‘where’ and ‘why’ of SDP has been largely accounted for, the attention in this article is on the ‘who’ of SDP in relation to the notion of inclusion. Drawing on extensive research conducted in Jamaica, Kosovo, Rwanda and Sri Lanka, the idea of SDP as an inclusionary practice is critically investigated. While SDP may ‘give voice’ to participants, especially to individuals with athletic ability or sporting interests, the extent to which this creates social contexts that are fundamentally inclusive remains open to discussion. In this sense, while targeting populations, groups or individuals remains an attractive strategy to achieve specific goals, for example youth empowerment or gender equality, empirical assessments complicate the presumption that SDP programming leads to inclusion, particularly at a larger societal level. The article considers a matrix of inclusion criteria, potential outcomes, and the tensions arising between targeted SDP programming and the often-exclusionary dimensions of sport more broadly, with a focus on youth and gender issues.

Schlagwörter:Jugendlicher; adolescent; Sport; sports; Förderung; promotion; Gleichstellung; affirmative action; Inklusion; inclusion; soziale Integration; social integration; Jamaika; Jamaica; Kosovo; Kosovo; Ruanda; Rwanda; Sri Lanka; Sri Lanka; Entwicklungsland; developing country; soziale Partizipation; social participation; gender-specific factors; nichtstaatliche Organisation; non-governmental organization; Freiwilligenarbeit; volunteerism; sport for development and peace

SSOAR Kategorie:Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie, Sozialwesen, Sozialplanung, Sozialarbeit, Sozialpädagogik

Verfügbarkeit:https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/...

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: The relationship between coach- and peer-created motivational climates and Positive Youth Development is largely unexplored. This is especially true for the latter and in particular with regard to disadvantaged girls. The present study was designed to examine the relationships between perceived coach- and peer-created climates and reported developmental gains among disadvantaged girls participating in sports programmes, and to determine whether these relationships were moderated by personal characteristics. Two hundred young women aged between 12 and 22 completed a questionnaire which included the "Youth Experience Survey for Sport" (MacDonald, Côté, Eys, & Deakin, 2012), the "Motivational Climate Scale for Youth Sports" (Smith, Cumming, & Smoll, 2008), the "Peer Motivational Climate in Youth Sport Questionnaire" (Ntoumanis & Vazou, 2005), and questions regarding participants' socio-economic characteristics. Multilevel regression analyses were performed to take into account the hierarchical data structure. The analysis revealed that a mastery-oriented coach climate is a very strong predictor of perceived Positive Youth Development. This is based on both the number of developmental domains on which it had a significant impact and the explained variance based on the PRV values of the multi-level models. Unlike previous research on disadvantaged youth in general and disadvantaged girls in particular, the observed interaction effects did not show that disadvantaged girls necessarily gain more from their involvement in organised activities such as sport.

Schlagwörter:Jugendlicher; adolescent; Mädchen; girl; Entwicklung; development; Sport; sports; Trainer; coach; Motivation; motivation; Gruppenklima; group climate; Inklusion; inclusion; Benachteiligtenförderung; promotion of disadvantaged persons

SSOAR Kategorie:Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie

Verfügbarkeit:https://www.cogitatiopress.com/socialinclusion/article/view/...

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: Although countries’ gender equality is associated with important health outcomes, especially for females, it remains unclear whether gender equality is associated with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA). Data from 34 countries was acquired from the International Social Survey Program, the Pew Research Forum, the United Nations, and the World Bank. Separate analyses were conducted for 21,502 males and 26,652 females. Hierarchal nonlinear Bernoulli modeling was used to examine the association between gender equality and participation in LTPA. Both males and females residing in countries’ with higher gender equality were more likely (twice and three times more likely, respectively) to report weekly LTPA than those residing in countries characterized by low gender equality. These effects persisted even when controlling for individual (i.e. age, education) and country-level (i.e. population, gross domestic product) covariates. However, significant variation in LTPA persisted at the country level, suggesting the need for further research. These findings provide novel evidence that both males and females benefit from gender equality. To explain these findings, we hypothesize that increased gender equality decreases the average number of offspring and, in turn, allows mothers more time for leisure, and to invest more resources in both male and female offspring, which may increase LTPA.

Schlagwörter:Freizeitverhalten; leisure time behavior; Gesundheitsverhalten; health behavior; körperliche Bewegung; physical exercise; Sport; sports; gender-specific factors; Gleichstellung; affirmative action; internationaler Vergleich; international comparison

SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie, angewandte Psychologie

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.1080/23311908.2016.1174183

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Although social marketing has been demonstrated to be an effective tool of behavior change in a variety of contexts, its poverty reduction potential in tourism development has captured limited research attention. This paper explores the potential contribution of social marketing to tourism-related poverty alleviation in Sapa, Vietnam. It does so by creating an understanding of how local residents perceive poverty, then exploring whether social marketing could be a potential solution in the case of Sapa. Through participant observations and semi-structured interviews, this study reveals that local people perceive poverty as a lack of rice and/or income and ascribe it to both internal and external factors. Local women often follow tourists to sell handicrafts, causing discomfort for tourists and driving them away from certain destinations. Insufficient capital and farming land are also identified as a critical barrier to poverty reduction. This study argues that by understanding the poor people's perspectives on poverty, we can identify meaningful approaches to poverty alleviation. Thereby, social marketing can be one of the tools to bring the marginalized voice of poor people to the attention of decision-makers." (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:Vietnam; Vietnam; Tourismus; tourism; Nachhaltigkeit; sustainability; Sozialmanagement; social management; Marketing; marketing; Verhaltensänderung; behavior modification; Armutsbekämpfung; combating poverty; Entwicklungsland; developing country; Südostasien; Southeast Asia

SSOAR Kategorie:Entwicklungsländersoziologie, Entwicklungssoziologie, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie

Verfügbarkeit:https://doi.org/10.14764/10.ASEAS-2015.2-2

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz