Inhalt: "In this study, gender differences in graduate students' perspectives on the culture of science were examined in two graduate departments (biology and chemistry) at a large research university. Data from a survey questionnaire from 170 students and interviews with 32 of them indicated that the culture of science as experienced by the participants of this study was characterized by competition, a narrow focus, and a belief in objectivity. These perspectives were particularly common among the female students, who also perceived a role conflict between a successful career in science and having a family. The study shows that although women have greater access to careers in science, the culture of the scientific enterprise continues to be based on the masculine ideals of 17th-century England." (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:Studentin; Student; Familie-Beruf; Wissenschaftsbetrieb; USA; Biologie; Chemie; Nordamerika

CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Studium und Studierende

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Given indirect indications in sex role and soda! psychology research that mathematical-deductive reasoning may negatively relate to social acuity, Study 1 investigated whether mathematicians were less attributionally complex than nonmathematicians. Study 1 administered the Attributional Complexity Scale, a measure of social acuity, to female and male faculty members and graduate students in four Midwestern schools. Atlrihutional complexity (AC) is the ability and motivation to give complex explanations for behavior. Study 1 found a significant interaction between field and gender. Only among women did mathematicians score lower on AC. In addition, an established gender difference in AC (that women score higher than men) was present only among nonmathematicians. Studies 2 and 3 offered some preliminary support for the possibility that it is generally female students who score tow on AC who aspire to he mathematicians and for the underlying view that female students' perceived similarity to mathematicians can influence their vocational choices." (author's abstract)|

Schlagwörter:Mathematik; Gender; Psychologie; Geschlechtsrolle; Studentin; Student

CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "What are some of the barriers to women's achievement in postsecondary settings, particularly in math and science? How can educators support the development of females to ensure that they reach their potential? Nonintellectual factors may improve the prediction of academic success beyond intellectual dispositions, and yet the typical coed university is still a chilly climate for women. What other issues are occurring in the social context for female students? This article explores the "cycle" of women's experience of learning, focusing on students in an introductory math course and on preservice teachers. Implications for graduate women students are also considered." (author's abstract)|

Schlagwörter:Mathematik; Naturwissenschaft; Chancengleichheit; Karriere; Studentin

CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "This study examines the effects of gender, race, and ethnicity on the pursuit of scientific fields of study among college students. It builds on previous research by considering variation among fields of science and variation across institutions in selectivity. The findings reveal that African American students graduating with degrees in science are underrepresented in elite institutions, principally because of their concentration in historically Black colleges and universities. The evidence does not indicate that female science majors are underrepresented in elite institutions. Both groups are concentrated among the science fields with the lowest labor market returns. These findings demonstrate that female and minority students are more disadvantaged than studies of their simple representation in science would suggest." (author's abstract)

Schlagwörter:USA; Student; Studentin; Geschlechterforschung; empirische Forschung; College; Ethnizität; Diskriminierung; Nordamerika

CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz