Inhalt: "Statistical data detailing the trends of women's advancement in institutions of higher education in the United States tend to portray a rosy picture. Women now outnumber men in college enrolment at the undergraduate level and have reached parity with men at the graduate level. Women students and faculty are also much less segregated in a few academic fields than was the case thirty years ago. The percentage of college and university presidents who are women has increased significantly as has women's share of positions at all ranks of the professoriate. Women in the United States now also constitute a significantly larger share of medical, dental and law school graduates. Whereas in 1972 women were 9% of medical degree recipients, 1% of dental degree recipients, and 7% of law degree recipients, in 1996 they were awarded 41%, 36% and 43%. Despite these gains, substantial disparities in salary, rank and tenure between male and female faculty persist as documented in the statistical profile provided later in this journal (see next article). Moreover, the terms and conditions of women's employment in the academy have worsened, reflecting the reorganisation of the structure of higher education in the United States." (author's abstract)|

Schlagwörter:USA; Akademikerin; Chancengleichheit; Arbeitsmarkt; Nordamerika; Quantität

CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz

Inhalt: "Looking back it becomes obvious that in most European countries (and this is true for non-European countries too) the world of academia was a purely male world. Access to higher education was restricted exclusively to men, and faculties at the universities were completely dominated by men. For a long time women described the development of universities and the situation of women in higher education as a history of discrimination and conscious exclusion of women by men. Nowadays, academia is not a male world anymore. Nevertheless, we still discover inequality between men and women in higher education. The following paper is focused on questions like: How does the situation of women at universities look like in Europe? What does inequality mean today? How has this situation changed in recent years? Which national measures to improve the situation of women have been initiated in recent years, and have they proved to be successful? As an overview, some of these questions should be answered in a comparative way for selected countries in Europe. At certain points some remarks will be given on the situation in Germany, the country from which the author comes and the structure and development she knows best." (author's abstract)|

Schlagwörter:internationaler Vergleich; Statistik; Wissenschaftler; Akademikerin; Frauenforschung

CEWS Kategorie:Statistik und statistische Daten, Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung

Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz