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- Suter, Christian (1)
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Gender and excellence in research funding: European perspectives
Titelübersetzung:Geschlecht und Exzellenz in der Forschungsförderung : europäische Perspektiven
Quelle: Forschungsförderung aus Geschlechterperspektive: Zugang, Bedeutung und Wirkung in wissenschaftlichen Laufbahnen. Regula Julia Leemann (Hrsg.), Heidi Stutz (Hrsg.). Zürich: Rüegger, 2010, S. 181-204
Details
Inhalt: 
"Das Thema Geschlecht und wissenschaftliche Exzellenz steht seit einiger Zeit auf der wissenschaftspolitischen Agenda in Europa. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht auf der Grundlage des kürzlich veröffentlichten Berichts der Expertengruppe Gender and Excellence der Europäischen Kommission das Verhältnis von Forschungsförderung und Geschlecht in Europa. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich erstens mit den Schlüsselinstitutionen der nationalen Forschungsförderung und ihrer Rolle bei der Förderung der Geschlechtergleichstellung. Zweitens werden für 33 Länder geschlechterspezifische Unterschiede in den Erfolgsquoten bei der Projektförderung untersucht. Der Beitrag zeigt eine grosse Vielfalt nationaler und institutioneller Politiken, die in den verschiedenen europäischen Ländern in Beziehung stehen mit Fragen der Geschlechtergleichstellung in der Forschungsförderung. Unter den pro-aktivsten Ländern figurieren einerseits die nordischen Staaten mit ihrer langjährigen Tradition der Förderung der Geschlechtergleichstellung und andererseits eine Gruppe von Ländern, die erst kürzlich in diesem Bereich aktiv geworden sind (Österreich, Deutschland, die Niederlande, die Schweiz, Flandern, Grossbritannien, Irland und Spanien). Die ländervergleichende Analyse der Erfolgschancen bei der Forschungsförderung zeigt keine eindeutigen systematischen Geschlechterunterschiede, wenngleich es in einzelnen Ländern bzw. disziplinären Bereichen Hinweise auf Differenzen gibt, die zumeist zugunsten der Männer verlaufen." (Autorenreferat)
"Das Thema Geschlecht und wissenschaftliche Exzellenz steht seit einiger Zeit auf der wissenschaftspolitischen Agenda in Europa. Der vorliegende Beitrag untersucht auf der Grundlage des kürzlich veröffentlichten Berichts der Expertengruppe Gender and Excellence der Europäischen Kommission das Verhältnis von Forschungsförderung und Geschlecht in Europa. Der Beitrag beschäftigt sich erstens mit den Schlüsselinstitutionen der nationalen Forschungsförderung und ihrer Rolle bei der Förderung der Geschlechtergleichstellung. Zweitens werden für 33 Länder geschlechterspezifische Unterschiede in den Erfolgsquoten bei der Projektförderung untersucht. Der Beitrag zeigt eine grosse Vielfalt nationaler und institutioneller Politiken, die in den verschiedenen europäischen Ländern in Beziehung stehen mit Fragen der Geschlechtergleichstellung in der Forschungsförderung. Unter den pro-aktivsten Ländern figurieren einerseits die nordischen Staaten mit ihrer langjährigen Tradition der Förderung der Geschlechtergleichstellung und andererseits eine Gruppe von Ländern, die erst kürzlich in diesem Bereich aktiv geworden sind (Österreich, Deutschland, die Niederlande, die Schweiz, Flandern, Grossbritannien, Irland und Spanien). Die ländervergleichende Analyse der Erfolgschancen bei der Forschungsförderung zeigt keine eindeutigen systematischen Geschlechterunterschiede, wenngleich es in einzelnen Ländern bzw. disziplinären Bereichen Hinweise auf Differenzen gibt, die zumeist zugunsten der Männer verlaufen." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: 
"The issue of gender and excellence has been an issue on the European science policy agenda since the early 2000s. Taking the recent report by the EC expert group on Gender and Excellence as its base, this contribution explores the gender challenge in research funding across Europe. It deals, firstly, with the role of key funding organisations in promoting gender equality in research funding and, secondly, with gender differences in the success rates for obtaining research funding in 33 countries. The contribution demonstrates that European countries show large variations in terms of their national and organisational policies related to gender in research funding. The Nordic countries are among the most active, with a longterm tradition in gender-equality promotion, but some other countries have also become active in this area more recently (notably Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Flanders, the UK, Ireland and Spain). Comparative analysis of the data an success rates shows that there are no systematic differences between women and men, although there is some variation in certain countries and/or disciplinary areas, mostly in favour of men." (author's abstract)
"The issue of gender and excellence has been an issue on the European science policy agenda since the early 2000s. Taking the recent report by the EC expert group on Gender and Excellence as its base, this contribution explores the gender challenge in research funding across Europe. It deals, firstly, with the role of key funding organisations in promoting gender equality in research funding and, secondly, with gender differences in the success rates for obtaining research funding in 33 countries. The contribution demonstrates that European countries show large variations in terms of their national and organisational policies related to gender in research funding. The Nordic countries are among the most active, with a longterm tradition in gender-equality promotion, but some other countries have also become active in this area more recently (notably Austria, Germany, the Netherlands, Switzerland, Flanders, the UK, Ireland and Spain). Comparative analysis of the data an success rates shows that there are no systematic differences between women and men, although there is some variation in certain countries and/or disciplinary areas, mostly in favour of men." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:EU; Förderung; internationaler Vergleich; Wissenschaftler; Mann; Wissenschaftspolitik; Europäische Kommission; Rolle; institutionelle Faktoren; Projekt; Gleichstellung; vergleichende Forschung; Transparenz
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Geschlechterverhältnis, Hochschulen
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Gate-keeping, gender equality and scientific excellence
Quelle: Gender and excellence in the making. Amt für amtliche Veröffentlichungen der Europäischen Gemeinschaften, 2004, S. 69-76
Details
Inhalt: "Gate-keepers and gate-keeping are a hitherto neglected but pivotal topic in studies
of gendered patterns of science and academia. Merton (1973) called the gate-keeper
the 'fourth major role' of a scientist, in addition to that of a researcher, teacher
and administrator, affecting contemporary science in every aspect. Gate-keepers are
undoubtedly in a key position to influence the definition, evaluation and development
of scientific excellence. More generally, gate-keeping processes can aim to control
or influence the entry or access to a particular arena, allocation of resources and
information flows, the setting of standards, development of the field and the agenda,
or the external image of that arena. Gate-keeping can function as exclusion and control,
on the one hand but, on the other hand, it can also facilitate and provide opportunities
and resources. Women are particularly under-represented among academic gate-keepers
and leading positions in science and science policy organisations. According to the
ETAN Report (2000), to a large extent, the gate-keepers of research funding in Europe
comprise middle-aged male academics. Such male domination also applies to countries
such as Finland, despite the fact that the proportion of women among professors in
Finland is the highest in the EU (21% in 2002). Finnish National Research Councils
are, however, approaching gender parity, having had to follow the quota paragraph
of the Gender Equality Act since 1995. Despite this, only 16% of the referees the
RCs used in their funding decisions were women in 1999, as were only 14% of the board
members of the largest Finnish research funding foundations. The paper presents ongoing
research focusing on gender and gate-keeping in academia in relation to one key academic
arena: research funding, which is analysed by studying both organisational and individual
gate-keepers and their policies and practices. Gate-keepers refer here both to fund-awarding
organisations as collective gate-keepers of research funding and to individuals who
are involved in decision-making bodies of such key fund-awarding organisations." (author's
abstract)|
"Gate-keepers and gate-keeping are a hitherto neglected but pivotal topic in studies
of gendered patterns of science and academia. Merton (1973) called the gate-keeper
the 'fourth major role' of a scientist, in addition to that of a researcher, teacher
and administrator, affecting contemporary science in every aspect. Gate-keepers are
undoubtedly in a key position to influence the definition, evaluation and development
of scientific excellence. More generally, gate-keeping processes can aim to control
or influence the entry or access to a particular arena, allocation of resources and
information flows, the setting of standards, development of the field and the agenda,
or the external image of that arena. Gate-keeping can function as exclusion and control,
on the one hand but, on the other hand, it can also facilitate and provide opportunities
and resources. Women are particularly under-represented among academic gate-keepers
and leading positions in science and science policy organisations. According to the
ETAN Report (2000), to a large extent, the gate-keepers of research funding in Europe
comprise middle-aged male academics. Such male domination also applies to countries
such as Finland, despite the fact that the proportion of women among professors in
Finland is the highest in the EU (21% in 2002). Finnish National Research Councils
are, however, approaching gender parity, having had to follow the quota paragraph
of the Gender Equality Act since 1995. Despite this, only 16% of the referees the
RCs used in their funding decisions were women in 1999, as were only 14% of the board
members of the largest Finnish research funding foundations. The paper presents ongoing
research focusing on gender and gate-keeping in academia in relation to one key academic
arena: research funding, which is analysed by studying both organisational and individual
gate-keepers and their policies and practices. Gate-keepers refer here both to fund-awarding
organisations as collective gate-keepers of research funding and to individuals who
are involved in decision-making bodies of such key fund-awarding organisations." (author's
abstract)|
Schlagwörter:Beruf; Qualifikation; Chancengleichheit; Europa; Gleichstellung
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Online panel work through a gender lens: implications of digital peer review meetings
Quelle: Sci. and Pub. Pol. (Science and Public Policy), 50 (2023) 3, S 371–381
Details
Inhalt: Previous studies have highlighted how the academic peer review system has been marked by gender bias and nepotism. Panel meetings arranged by research funding organisations (RFOs), where reviewers must explain and account for their assessment and scoring of grant applications, can potentially mitigate and disrupt patterns of inequality. They can however also constitute arenas where biases are reproduced. This article explores, through a gender lens, the shift from face-to-face to digital peer review meetings in a Swedish RFO, focusing on the implications for an unbiased and fair grant allocation process. Drawing on twenty-two interviews with panellists and staff in the RFO, the analysis identifies both benefits and challenges of this shift, regarding use of resources, meeting dynamics, micropolitics, social glue, and possibilities for group reflections. RFOs deliberating digitalisation of their peer review processes need to consider these implications to develop policies promoting unbiased and fair grant allocation processes and procedures.
Schlagwörter:digitale meeting; Digitalisierung; gender bias; grant application; inequality; micro-political practices; Mikropolitik; Panel; Peer Review; research funding organisation
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Verfügbarkeit:https://academic.oup.com/spp/article/50/3/371/6958163
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
