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On these pages we provide you with extensive information on the short scales developed at GESIS. Each short scale and documentation of the questionnaire can be found in the download area. For each short scale, the documentation contains the scale concept, application notes, development and validation procedures, the quality of the measurement based on quality criteria and a summary evaluation of the short scale. There (and also via CIS) you can obtain all necessary background information that helps you integrate the short scale into your own research.

Please note that the short scales are available both as rather comprehensive GESIS working papers and as concise ZIS scale documentations. Webpages on the former research project on short scale development are continually being switched off.