Title
Structure of Earnings Survey - 2006
Subtitle
SES - 2006
The Structure of Earnigns Survey is a 4-yearly survey conducted by the National Statistical Institutes (NSI). The survey aims at providing harmonized information on the level and structure of remuneration of employees, their individual characteristics and the enterprise or local unit to which they belong.
Geographical Coverage
The European Union Structure of Earnings Survey (SES) 2006 is conducted in 23 Member States of the European Union : BE-BG-CY-CZ-EE-EL-ES-FI-FR-HU-IT-LT-LU-LV-NL-NO-PL-PT-RO-SE-SK-UK-DE.
Time Period Covered
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The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
- /n
- Structure of earnings survey 2006 – Reference metadata (Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union) /n
- /n
- Structure of Earnings Survey (SES) 2006 – Synthesis of Quality Reports (Eurostat, the statistical office of the European Union) /n
Country Specific Information: SES 2006
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CZ - Czech Republic
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Czech Statiscal Office
Universe
The population is created by active enterprises with 10 or more employees
- Longitudinal
Source Of Sampling Frame
the Business Register of the CZSO and the RARIS register
Sampling Design
Probability
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
The population is created by active enterprises with 10 or more employees; it is stratified by:
• Industry
• Size group
• Region.
Industrial strata are set according to the similarity in the labour nature and structure of occupations. There are four size groups: 10-49; 50-249; 250-999; 1000+.
Sampling Method
ISPS-PS is a regular quarterly sample statistical survey. The sample of employees can be characterised as a two-stage probability sampling without repetition. In the first stage, enterprises are found using stratification sampling, all employees inside these enterprises are sampled in the second stage. Population frame for the first stage of the sampling is made using the Business Register of the CZSO and the RARIS register which allows to decide whether the enterprise belongs to business or non-business sphere. The population is created by active enterprises with 10 or more employees; it is stratified by:
• Industry
• Size group
• Region.
Industrial strata are set according to the similarity in the labour nature and structure of occupations. There are four size groups: 10-49; 50-249; 250-999; 1000+.An Ad hoc survey on the enterprises (ESs) with less than ten employees was carried out in 2007. The sample of employees can be characterised as a two-stage probability sampling without revolving. In the first stage, enterprises are found using stratification sampling, while all employees inside these enterprises are sampled in the second stage. The frame population was stratified by:
- Region
- Size class
- Industry
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
01-2007
End Date
07-2007
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The main statistical source for the SES data been the ”Informacni system o prumernem vydelku“ (ISPV, i.e. Information System on the Average Earnings). The course and development of the survey is directed by the Commission on the direction and coordination of works on the ISPV, which is composed by representatives of the Ministry of Labour and Social Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Czech Statistical Office, the Czech National Bank, CERGE-EI, High School of Economics in Prague, Czech-Moravian Confederation of Trade Unions, Union of Industry and Transportation. The main goal of ISPV is to show earnings levels broken down by individual occupations, other results include estimations on the earnings parameters of the population of employees in the Czech Republic.
The ISPV consists of two basic parts – surveys of business and non-business spheres of the national economy of the Czech Republic. The business sphere is composed of economical subjects (ES) – enterprises which remunerate their employees with wage according to the Act No 1/1992 Coll.; the non-business sphere is composed of economic subjects (ES) which remunerate their employees with salary according to the Act No 143/1992 Coll. Employees of the household sector and non-profit organizations are not covered by the survey.
The ISPV in the business sphere has been taking place as a quarterly survey in enterprises with 10 or more employees (ISPV-PS). In addition, an ad-hoc survey for ES with less than 10 employees was made in 2007 (micro-subjects).
In the non-business spheres, the source of data has been Information System on Salary (ISP), which covers all ESs of the sphere, i.e. exhaustive survey. ISP is half yearly. Based on the data from both ISPV-PS and ISP, the Structure of Earnings Survey is annual survey in the Czech Republic. National SES does not cover micro-subjects. -
CY - Cyprus
Corresponding National Study
The Structure of earnings Survey
Producer
the Statistical Service of Cyprus (CYSTAT)
Universe
The SES 2006 covered enterprises in all economic activities, excluding Agriculture, Fishing, Activities of Private Households and Extraterritorial
Organisations. All enterprises covered had one or more employees.The classification of the economic activities was based on the NACE
Rev.1.1 Classification of Economic Activities System, of the European Union.
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
In the first stage, a stratified sample of enterprises was drawn, using the probability proportional to size sampling design. Stratification criteria used were the economic activity of the enterprise (at the 2-digit level of NACE Rev.1.1), the size of the enterprise (number of employees) and the legal entity of the enterprise.
For the second stage, a stratified random sample of employees was drawn within each selected enterprise. The stratification criteria for employees were the occupation (ISCO 88 Com at the 4-digit
level), full-timer or part-timer and wage earner or salary earner.
Sampling Method
The SES 2006 was based on a sample of employees drawn from a stratified sample of enterprises. The sampling procedure consisted of two stages.
In the first stage, a stratified sample of enterprises was drawn, using the probability proportional to size sampling design. Stratification criteria used were the economic activity of the enterprise (at the 2-digit level of NACE Rev.1.1), the size of the enterprise (number of employees) and the legal entity of the enterprise.
For the second stage, a stratified random sample of employees was drawn within each selected enterprise. The stratification criteria for employees were the occupation (ISCO 88 Com at the 4-digit
level), full-timer or part-timer and wage earner or salary earner.In the first stage, a stratified sample of enterprises was drawn, using the probability proportional to size sampling design. Stratification criteria used were the economic activity of the enterprise (at the 2-digit level of NACE Rev.1.1), the size of the enterprise (number of employees) and the legal entity of the enterprise.
For the second stage, a stratified random sample of employees was drawn within each selected enterprise. The stratification criteria for employees were the occupation (ISCO 88 Com at the 4-digit
level), full-timer or part-timer and wage earner or salary earner.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
05-2007
End Date
06-2008
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % PAPI
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
the Statistical Service of Cyprus (CYSTAT)
-
LV - Latvia
Corresponding National Study
Strucure of earnings Survey
Producer
Central Statiscal Bureau
Universe
Entreprises and employees
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Business Register
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Sampling Method
The sample for the Structure of earnings survey is formed as stratified two-stage random sample. Local units of enterprises are primary sampling units. Employees are secondary sampling units.
This first stage stratified random sampling was done in December 2006.
Sampling plan for the first stage
The micro data cover NACE rev.1.1 section L except armed forces of the Ministry of Defence. Since the Ministry of Defence has not reported the data on armed forces, the employees on military occupations are not included. The local units of enterprises are stratified according to the 4 size groups of enterprises (1-9, 10-19, 20-49, 50 and over), classification into NACE code groups (2-digit level) and their location into 6 regions of Latvia.
Sampling plan for the second stage
At the second stage employees are chosen from the local units of enterprises selected at the first stage with the following sampling rate: if the number of employees in the local unit ranged from 1 to 50, information had to be rendered on all employees, in case of 51-69 employees – on 50 employees, in case of 70-149 – on 60, in case of 150-249 – on 70, in case of 250-499 – on 80, in case of 500-999 – on 90, in case of 1000 and over – on 8% of the total number of employees in the local unit as of October 31, 2006. If it was more convenient, local units of enterprises could give information on all employees. But if local unit didn’t give the information on all employees, the selection of employees was started with those born on the 15 day following the selection with the next date until the necessary number of employees was reached
Units Of Observation
Start Date
01-2007
End Date
03-2007
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
LU - Luxembourg
Corresponding National Study
Enquête sur la structure des salaires (Structure of Earnings Survey)
Producer
STATEC (Institut national de la statistique et des études économiques du Grand-Duché du Luxembourg)
Universe
The Structure of Earnings Surveys of 1995, 2002, and 2006 cover the sections C to K of the NACE rev.1 classification. However, in 2006, the sections M, N and O have been added.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Social Security recors
Sampling Design
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Sampling Method
The Structure of Earnings Surveys of 1995, 2002, and 2006 rely on a two-stage sample design. In a first stage a sample of local units is drawn, and in a second stage, the salaried workers are sampled within these local units.
In 2006, the second-stage sample was directly drawn from social security records, using simple random sampling
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
06-2007
End Date
09-2008
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Structure of Earnings Survey (STATEC)
-
LT - Lithuania
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Statistics Lithuania
Universe
The SES in 2002 covered economic activities defined in sections from C to O at the two-digit level, including section L, except individual enterprises.
The SES 2006, compared with the last in 2002, was enlarged (individual enterprises were included) and covered economic activities defined in sections from C to O.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Statistical Register of economic Entities
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
The first stage sample size must be such that the coefficient of variation of the estimate of the number of employees in the whole economy and economic activities does not exceed 3 per cent. The second stage sample size is determined taking into consideration the size of local units (enterprises) and so that the sample size in different enterprise size groups be approximately equal.
Sampling Method
A two-stage cluster sample is used. The first stage sampling units are local units (enterprises). The second stage sampling units are employees of the local units (enterprises). A sample of employees is selected by enterprises.
The first stage sample size must be such that the coefficient of variation of the estimate of the number of employees in the whole economy and economic activities does not exceed 3 per cent.The second stage sample size is determined taking into consideration the size of local units (enterprises) and so that the sample size in different enterprise size groups be approximately equal.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
04-2007
End Date
09-2007
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
SE - Sweden
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Surveys
Producer
Statiskal Centrabyran (Statistics Sweden)
Universe
Units had 10 or more employees and an economic activity within NACE sections C to O.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Business Register
Sampling Design
Probability
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
First, a stratified random sample of enterprises is drawn from a frame including the private sector. The public sector (government authorities, municipalities and county councils) is fully covered in the sample. Second, a simple random sample of employees is drawn from the enterprises, authorities, municipalities and count councils drawn in the first stage.
Sampling Method
The sampling procedure consists of two stages. First, a stratified random sample of enterprises is drawn from a frame including the private sector. The public sector (government authorities, municipalities and county councils) is fully covered in the sample. Second, a simple random sample of employees is drawn from the enterprises, authorities, municipalities and count councils drawn in the first stage.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Quality Report (Eurostat)
/n
Structure of Earnings Surveys (ESS)
/n
-
SK - Slovakia
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic
Universe
Population consisted of all legal subjects with one and more employees, registered in the Business Register, which were recorded in the Registers of organizations and establishments kept by the Statistical Office of the Slovak Republic. The set covers profit and non-profit organizations (incl. enterprises) in all economic branches of the Slovak Republic.
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
Sampling Method
The sample was created by using of the statistical method of a random sample within stratum with the estimated number of inactive units. The source for data processing was the register of active and inactive reporting units.
The first subset of the sample included reporting units which provided data required in the Structure of Earnings Survey and the Labour Cost Survey in the previous year. With the aim to get convenient sample scope and proportionality the second subset was made on the basis of three stratifying attributes as follows: economic activity, regions and size class.With the aim to get convenient sample scope and proportionality the second subset was made on the basis of three stratifying attributes as follows: economic activity, regions and size class.
Units Of Observation
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
RO - Romania
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
National Institute of Statistics Romania
Universe
Firms of at least 10 employees
NACE Rev.1.1 - all sections A-O (coded at division level 01-93), including the sections A, B (not requested by the regulation) and section L (optional according to the regulation)
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Romanian Business Register
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
01-2007
End Date
05-2007
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Quality Reports (National Institute of Statistics Romania)
-
UK - Great Britain
Corresponding National Study
UK Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Office for National Statistics
Universe
The ASHE covers employee jobs across the whole of the UK. The survey covers employees from all industries and occupations, but does not cover the self employed or the armed forces.
- Longitudinal
Source Of Sampling Frame
UK PAYE (Pay As You Earn) tax registe
Sampling Design
Probability
- random
- one stage
Stratification Criteria
ASHE is a simple random sample
Sampling Method
ASHE is based on a 1% sample of employee jobs from the UK PAYE (Pay As You Earn) tax register held by HM Revenue and Customs. All employees with National Insurance numbers ending in a particular pair of digits are selected and questionnaires are sent to their employers. This method gives a random 1% sample of the frame population to be selected, across businesses in all industries and of all sizes. Since National Insurance numbers are allocated randomly to individuals, the basis of ASHE sampling is probability sampling. However, the same pair of digits for National Insurance numbers is chosen each year to allow continuity in the data and enable comparisons of earnings year on year. ASHE does not cover the self-employed nor does it cover employees not paid during the reference period.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
04-2007
End Date
08-2007
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Weighting: Method
Returned data are weighted to UK population totals from the Labour Force Survey (LFS) based on classes defined by occupation, region, age and sex. There are two processes involved in the weighting of responses for ASHE. The first allocates individual cases a design weight to adjust for non-response. For this purpose, responses are treated as being in one of four strata, depending on whether they were part of the original questionnaire despatch, one of the later supplementary surveys or have a special arrangement in place with ONS to return their data electronically. For the second part of the weighting, the final file of responses is post-stratified to population estimates taken from the LFS in 108 post-strata. These post-strata are defined as a cross-classification of:
• occupation (9 groups) - major groups from Standard Occupational Classification (SOC);
• age-band (3 groups) - 16-21, 22-49, 50+;
• gender (2 groups) - male and female; and
• region (2 groups) - London & South East and the rest of the UK.
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
methodology and guidance (Office for National Statistics - ONS).
Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings, 1997-2013 (UK Data Service). -
IT - Italy
Corresponding National Study
Structure of earnings survey (SES)
Producer
L'Istituto nazionale di statistica (ISTAT) : Italian National Institute of Statistics
Universe
The statistics of the SES refer to enterprises with at least 10 employees in the areas of economic activity defined by sections C-K of NACE Rev.1.1.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
ASIA ( Archivio Statistico delle Imprese) with reference period 2001
Sampling Design
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Individuals
Secondary Sampling Units
Individuals
Stratification Criteria
The target enterprise population has been divided into two strata: small-medium size enterprises (from 10 to 249 employees) and large size enterprises (with more than 250 employees).
As far as small-medium enterprises are concerned, the first stage units consisted of a stratified sample of enterprises from 10 to 249 employees, while the second stage units consisted of
simple random sampling of employees. For large enterprises, a total survey was carried out at the first stage, followed by a simple random sampling of employees at second stage.The first level sample was drawn from ASIA (Archivio Statistico delle Imprese – an ISTAT internal business register) with reference period 2001: the target population (the frame) contains about
152000 units (of which 2438 enterprises have more than 250) with about 7000000 employees.A stratified sample has been studied for enterprises with 10 to 249 employees, which fulfils the 3%
bound for the coefficient of variation of monthly gross earning per employee.The strata were the combinations of 47 categories of NACE 2-digit, 4 employees sizeclasses, and 11 categories of NUTS1. A probabilistic proportional to size selection has been performed over a total of about 1.900 strata. Multivariate allocation procedures fulfilling the
predefined accuracy and precision requirements for each planned domain provided the number of units to be selected in each strata.
Where possible, an increase of 30% of sample was considered in order to prevent the negative effect of total non-response. A total survey was carried out for the enterprises with more
than 250 (2438 enterprises).The final first level sample included 19032 enterprises.
The number of second level units (employees) to be selected in each enterprise was proportional to the enterprise size (from a minimun of 5 up to 100 employees). Firms were trained on how to randomly select the required number of employees.The expected numbers of second level
units was 160330.
Sampling Method
The Italian Structure of Earnings Survey has a two stage sampling design: a sample of employees in a sample of enterprises. The target enterprise population has been divided into two strata: small-medium size enterprises (from 10 to 249 employees) and large size enterprises (with more than 250 employees).
The number of second level units (employees) to be selected in each enterprise was proportional to the enterprise size (from a minimun of 5 up to 100 employees). Firms were trained on how to randomly select the required number of employees.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
07-2007
End Date
06-2008
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Structure of earnings survey (Ses) (Istituto nazionale di statistica - Italian National Institute of Statistics)
-
NO - Norway
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Statistics Norway
Universe
The population is made up of all enterprises in Statistics Norway's Central Register of Establishments and Enterprises, with the exception of small enterprises with fewer than five/three employees. Each enterprise covers one or more local units grouped by industrial
category.The sample in each section consists of enterprises drawn from the population, dependent on activity code and the number of employees.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Norwegian Business Register
Sampling Design
Probability
- stratified
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Stratification Criteria
The variables used for stratification are industry and
employment.The stratification is different for each industry when defining size groups of enterprises and sub-groups of industry. The reason for this is that the distribution of small and large enterprises is different between industries, and furthermore that what can be called large may vary a great deal from one industry to another.
Sampling Method
The survey is based on stratified random sampling of clusters (sampling unit), where the clusters are defined as enterprises and their local units by section according to Nace rev. 1. Education (section M) and Health
and social work (section N) industries in particular include both private enterprises and public enterprises. The latter are included in full, not as a sample.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
08-2006
End Date
11-2006
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % PAPI
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Quality report (Statistics Norway)
-
HU - Hungary
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Hungarian Central Statistical Office
Universe
Enterprises and non-profit organizations with number of employees greater than or equal to 5, and the government sector without employee-number limit.
- Longitudinal
Source Of Sampling Frame
Business register of the HCSO
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
Sampling Method
Two different methods are used for sampling :
• All employers over 50 employees are obliged to report about a sample of their employees: those who were born on specific dates in any month, in any year.* (One date means a 3,29% perfect probability
sample, two dates 6,57% and three dates 9,86%)
• From those employers who have less than 50 employees a 20%
random sample is chosen using the business register of the CSO, and
those who were chosen have to report about each of their employees.
The second method is based on a stratified random sample which is drawn by the CSO. The method is described in details in the Quality Report of the Labour Cost Survey (LCS-2004) compiled by the CSO.
For budgetary institutions which report individually, the method is the same, but most of these institutions are incorporated in different centrally handled payroll systems and for these institutions we get all the necessary data of each individual employee.
Units Of Observation
Start Date
06-2006
End Date
07-2006
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Weighting: Method
For the enterprises with number of employees above 49: the sample given by the procedure is weighted by the total number of employees in each case in the following domains: manual or non-manual worker and fulltime or part-time worker. For the enterprises with number of employees between 5 and 49: first the data is weighted by the total number of employees (so the weight is 1 in most of the cases except where the 3-day-rule reduced the number of employees). Then the number given in the labour costs survey is used for weighting according to the following breakdown (strata): category of number of employees (5-9pp, 10-19pp, 20-49pp), manual or non-manual worker, fulltime or part-time worker. The government sector is also weighted by the total number of employees because of the 3-day-rule.
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
PL - Poland
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Central statistical Office of Poland (CSO)
Universe
The term „population” should be understood as population of local units and employees defined by:
1 - NACE section
2 - ownership sector (public or private).There were following exceptions from this rule:
1) in section D, J and K populations constitute particular subsections within the sector, providing that their numbers are above zero. They are the following divisions: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 65, 66, 67, 70, 71, 72, 73 and 74,
2) in sections M and N populations constitute particular NACE groups in a given owneship sector. They are the following groups: 801, 802, 803, 804, 851, 852 and 853.
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Sampling Method
Two-stage sampling was applied in the SES 2006 as in the previous SES, with stratification on the first stage. The first-stage sampling units constitutes local units, while on the second stage are drawn employees who met particular requirements of the survey i.e. work the whole month in October (all persons from sampled units up to 40 employed participate in the survey without sampling , persons from units employing more than 40 persons are sampled).
Units Of Observation
- Individual
Start Date
12-2006
End Date
03-2007
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The SES, that is the subject of this quality report, is a sample survey which has been conducted every 2 years since 1999 (previous surveys on SES were conducted for October 2002 and October 2004).
-
PT - Portugal
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Instituto Nacional de Estatística
Universe
The scope of the survey covers industries comprised in Sections C to O of NACE Rev. 1 and employees in local units with 10 or more persons occupied.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
the Business Register of enterprises and local units of GEP/MTSS
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
At the first stage, the clusters are the local units which are selected by stratified random sampling; employees are select at the second stage by simple random sampling within each local unit selected at the first stage.
Sampling Method
The sample design considered in this survey involve a simple two stage cluster sampling, At the first stage, the clusters are the local units which are selected by stratified random sampling; employees are select at the second stage by simple random sampling within each
local unit selected at the first stage.In the 1st stage, the population for this survey is the local units of the national territory, belonging to private sector enterprises with 10 or more employees, referring to economic activities defined in sections C, D, E, G, H , I, J, K, M, N and O of NACE Rev. 1.1, with the
exception of class 9131 (activities of religious organizations) and class 9132 (activities of
political organizations) and for section F of enterprises with 10 or more employees. Section F is limited to the enterprise, because this section is characterized by having local units heavily temporary.
At the 2nd stage, the population consists of all employees in the local units.
Units Of Observation
Start Date
06-2007
End Date
09-2007
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
FR - France
Corresponding National Study
Structure of earnings survey (ECMOSS) 2006
Producer
National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies (INSEE)
Universe
Company and employee
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Individuals
Secondary Sampling Units
Individuals
Sampling Method
The sample selection process is based on a two stages sampling design, with first a choice of local units (selected in the French administrative business register Sirene) then, with a selection of employees within the local units selected in first stage (via DADS).
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Statistical operation: Labour cost and structure of earnings annual survey/ Ecmoss (INSEE - National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies)
Structure of Earnings Survey (ADISP - CMH Réseau Quetelet)
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BG - Bulgaria
Corresponding National Study
The Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
National Statistical Institute (NSI)
Universe
1) Local units with 1 or more employees belonging to enterprises with 1 or more employees.
2) Employees with earnings during October 2006, having at least 1 working day paid by the employer at a full rate.
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
Stratification criteria used include:
- economic activity (at the 2-digit level of NACE Rev.1.1);
- the number of employees in the local unit :
1 to 9 employees
10 to 49 employees
50 to 249 employees
250 to 499 employees
500 to 999 employees
1000 and more employees;
- regional breakdown - level 1 of national Classification of Territorial Units for Statistical
Purposes, in force since 2005:
BG1 - North Bulgaria
BG2 - South Bulgaria .
Sampling Method
The sampling procedure used for the SES contains two stages. In the first stage, a stratified random sample of local units without replacement is drawn.
At the second stage, a systematic sample of employees is taken within each of the selected local units.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Participation Mandatory
No
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
ES - Spain
Corresponding National Study
Structural Earnings Survey
Producer
INE (Instituto nacional de Estatica)
Universe
The first Structural Earnings Survey for the period referring to 1995, which covered units with ten or more employees in the activities of industry, building, commerce, hotels and restaurants, transport, communications, finance institutions and insurance.
The second, referred to 2002, broadened the coverage to include the activities outlined in sections M, N and O of NACE Rev.1.
The third and last survey, with 2006 as a reference year, has
as a main characteristic to include the small units (those with less than 10 employees) in the same activities than in 2002.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Social Security Register
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Stratification Criteria
The stratification criterion is accomplished using three variables:
Autonomous Community, economic activity (NACE rev.1 from C to O except L) and unit size (in terms of number of employees).
Sampling Method
The framework of the survey is obtained from the Social Security General Register of Contributions Accounts. Employers that hire employees for the first time should request their own registration as a company, at the Social Security General Treasury.
They should do this before commencing work activities. Registration is an administrative act by which the Social Security General Treasury gives an identification and control number to the employer. This establishes what is known as the Account of Social Security Contribution. The list of Accounts is used as a business register in all the Labour Cost and Structure of Earnings Surveys performed. The procedure for random selection of units corresponds to a stratified sampling with optimal allocation, in which the sampling
units are the accounts.The stratification criterion is accomplished using three variables:
Autonomous Community, economic activity (NACE rev.1 from C to O except L) and unit size (in terms of number of employees).
When the Register is received from the Social Security, a first debugging is made prior to the selection of the sample, which implies several stages:
• To eliminate economic activities regarding agricultural activities, livestock, fishery, public administration, defence, households with domestic employees and extra-territorial organisms since these are not part of the survey.
• To eliminate the units that belong to the special regime of Social Security sales agents, whose main compensation consists in commissions on sales and who, consequently cannot be surveyed either.Afterwards, the sample is drawn and the list of numbers of accounts of social security contributions selected is sent to the Social Security General Treasury again.
It provides the list of all the employees, identified by their affiliation numbers, included in these units during the reference year. Specifically, the employees to be targeted
for the SES are those employed in the observation unit in the reference month. A simple random sample of employees is taken within each of the selected local units according to the size of the unit.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Institution
Start Date
05-2007
End Date
10-2007
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
NL - Netherlands
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Statistics Netherlands
Universe
Population 2006 SES of the Netherlands:
- jobs of employees, aged 15 years and over
- which have an enployment contract in referenc month (December)
- and received remuneration during the reference month
- all size classes are covered, included enterprises with fewer than 10 employees (except enterprises without employees)
- and in the areas of economic activity defined by section C-O of NACE (Rev.1.1).
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Method
"CBS uses an administrative data set of all the working people in the Netherlands for the information about working hours, salary... CBS crosses this data with three years LFS(2000, 2001 and 2002 for SES2002) to get information about education and occupation.
For 2006 the administrative data (SWL) were integral, this makes the weighting procedure easier
(Explanations by CBS)
Units Of Observation
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
BE - Belgium
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Statistics Belgium
Universe
Local unities belonging to the B-N and P-S sections of the NACE rev.2 and which are parts of companies employing at least 10 workers.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
The national register of enterprises (DBRIS) and the earnings and working hours database of the National Office for Social Security (ONSS)
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Local Unit
Secondary Sampling Units
Individuals
Stratification Criteria
In the first stage, the stratification criteria were the economic activity, the number of employees and the region of the local unit.
There are no stratification criteria used in the second stage.
Sampling Method
The survey was conducted on the basis of a two-stage sampling approach.
In the first stage, a stratified random sample of local units is drawn. The stratification criteria were the economic activity, the number of employees and the region of the local unit.
The questionnaire, the explanation and a list of local units wherefore the survey must be filled in, were sent towards the principal seats of the selected local units. We have chosen not to send the questionnaire towards every local unit in the sample, because
most of the times a central pay-roll administration is responsible for the payment of all the wages. The change of a mistake by the enterprise, for example by taking the wrong local unit, is very limited, because in Belgium every local unit has his own unique administrative number.The chance of selection largely depends on the number
of employees an employer has.At the second stage, the local unit must select a number of employees, following the instructions in the explanation. Local units with less than 300 employees must select a proportion of their total number of wage earner
Local units with at least 300 employees must select a fixed absolute number of wage
earners:
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
01-2007
End Date
07-2007
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
DE - Germany
Corresponding National Study
Structure on Earnings Survey
Producer
Destatis (The Federal Statistical Office)
Universe
Enterprises in Germany and the persons employed therein
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Sampling Method
The sample of enterprises was drawn on the basis of the industrial sector classification 2003 (Klassifikation der Wirtschaftszweige 2003). In enterprises with less than 50 employees all employyees were included. In larger enterprises were selected on the basis of a simple random sample.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Institution
Start Date
10-2006
End Date
10-2006
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % Self-administered
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
EE - Estonia
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Statistics Estonia
Universe
The population and the sampling frame contained enterprises, institutions and organisations and local units.
- Cross-sectional
Sampling Design
Probability
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Secondary Sampling Units
Employees
Stratification Criteria
All units with 150 and more employees will be selected into the first stage sample with probability 1. On the second stage in each of them a random sample of employees will be selected by birthday rule whereas the employees belong to the 1 major group of ISCO-88 are completely enumerated.
Among primary sampling units with less than 150 employees a simple random sample will be selected in each stratum. Employees belonging to the units selected into the sample on this first stage will be enumerated totally.
Sampling Method
Sample design of SES is a stratified two-stage sample. On the first stage enterprises, organisations and institutions are selected. Before the selecting the first stage sample the units will be stratified with respect to kind of activity and number of employees.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Institution
- Organisation
Start Date
09-2006
End Date
03-2007
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % PAPI
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
Quality Report (Eurostat)
-
EL - Greece
Corresponding National Study
The Greek Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
the National Statistical Service of Greece
Universe
The survey covered all local units belonging to enterprises with average annual employment 10 persons or more in the areas of economic activity defined by sections C-K plus M, N and O of NACE Rev.1.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
Business Register 2004
Sampling Design
- random
- stratified
- multi-stage
Primary Sampling Units
Enterprises
Stratification Criteria
Prior to selection, enterprises are allocated in strata according to geographical region, economic activity (NACE rev. 1, 2-digit), and the size of the enterprise, which is based on the number of persons employed in the enterprise.
Sampling Method
It is a sampling survey based on the method of 3-phase stratified random sampling where the sampling units are the local units that belong to enterprises employing more than 10 persons. The enterprises from which the local units are collected are selected from the business register 2004. Prior to selection, enterprises are allocated in strata according to geographical region, economic activity (NACE rev. 1, 2-digit), and the size of the enterprise, which is based on the number of persons employed in the enterprise.
The sampling phases are the following:
1st phase: Enterprises are selected from the business register
2nd phase: A sample of local units is selected from the enterprises of the 1st phase
3rd phase: Selection of a sample of persons employed from the collected enterprises.
Units Of Observation
- Individual
- Organisation
Start Date
08-2007
End Date
01-2008
Participation Mandatory
No
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 100 % PAPI
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
The data for the UK Structure of Earnings Survey is taken from the Annual Survey of Hours and Earnings (ASHE). This is considered to be the official source of earnings data within the UK.
-
FI - Finland
Corresponding National Study
Structure of Earnings Survey
Producer
Statistics Finland
Universe
SES covers normally private sector enterprises with at least 5 employees and all public sector wage and salary earners. The scope of the statistics does not extend to the top management of private sector enterprises nor cover enterprises, whose main activity belongs to the industries of agriculture, forestry and fishery, private households employing domestic staff or extra-territorial organisations and bodies. In addition to previously mentioned groups, wage and salary earners whose gender could not be determined are also excluded from the statistics.
- Cross-sectional
Source Of Sampling Frame
An updated national enterprise register.
Sampling Method
Data is based on national Structure of Earnings Statistics and includes a 25% random sample of employments in national earnings data. Data supplied to Eurostat does not cover enterprises employing less than 10 employees.
Units Of Observation
Participation Mandatory
Yes
Type Of Data Source
Survey
Interview Mode
- 25 % PAPI
- 75 % Websurvey
Percentage Of Proxy Interviews
%
Resources
"Wage statistics are compiled in Finland in a somewhat different manner than in the most of European countries.
Basically, wage statistics akin to the Structure of Earnings Survey are compiled every year. And these statistics (data) tend to have rather high coverage of employees working in Finland.
Every year Statistics Finland receives wage data of round 60 percent of private sector employees form the Confederation of Finnish Industries. Data covers substantial proportion of Finnish private sector firms. On top of that, Statistics Finland adds to the private sector data with our own wage enquiry. In together, this data covers 60 of private sector employees. Missing data is due to attrition and the fact that firms with less than 5 employees are excluded from these enquiries.
What comes to public sector, we have for every year full coverage. Wage statics of the central government are obtained from state treasury and local sector wage statistics are collected by Statistics Finland.
So this the backdrop for the questions; few of those seem relevant in absence of sampling etc.
There is not a sample in conventional way, but our target population were (and is) all the firms with more than five employees. That were approx. 1 600 000 employees per year.
We have cross-sectional and longitudinal data available although the nature of data collection was cross-sectional.
As for weighting method – to correct non response - Statistics Finland used so called Särndal’s calibration method. That is fairly simple method; the date is divided into strata according to industry (nace) and firm size (4 classes). For each strata the inverse of the response rate is used as a weight."
(Explanations by the Statistics of Finland)
description_1 (Statistics Finland)
description_2 (Statistics Finland)
definition (Statistics Finland)