Quelle: Journal of Vocational Behavior, 32 (1988) 2, S 152–175
Inhalt: Although only recently reaching public and scholarly awareness as an important issue, the sexual harassment of women workers and students has been a problem for as long as women have worked and studied outside the home. Although now recognized as an important barrier to women's career development, sexual harassment has proven difficult to study due to the lack of a commonly accepted definition and any standardized instrumentation that could provide comparable results across studies. This paper describes the results of research undertaken to provide such an instrument, which we call the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire. The following sections will detail the instrument's development, results of psychometric analyses undertaken (including reliability and validity), and finally, the results of the application of the inventory to two large public universities. In addition, we describe the development of a second form of the inventory designed for working women and report the results for a large sample of academic, professional and semiprofessional, and blue-collar women.
Schlagwörter:Arbeitsplatz; sexual harassment; sexuelle Belästigung; Universität; university; workplace; Sexual Experiences Questionnaire;
A Global Exploratory Analysis of Men Participating in Gender-Based Violence Prevention
Autor/in:
Tolman, Richard M.; Casey, Erin A.; Allen, Christopher T.; Carlson, Juliana; Leek, Cliff; Storer, Heather L.
Quelle: Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 34 (2019, zuerst veröffentlicht online 2016) 16, S 3438-3465
Inhalt: Organizations addressing gender-based violence (GBV) increasingly include men as partners in prevention efforts. However, little is known about men who get involved in those efforts and what specific actions they take. We present analyses of data from an international sample of men involved in gender-based prevention work that aimed to describe (a) the nature of participants' involvement in prevention efforts, in both formal programming and in their daily lives; (b) characteristics of engaged men, including gender and bystander-related attitudes and beliefs, and social networks; and (c) factors that sustain men's involvement in GBV movements over time. Comparisons across global regions for these variables were also conducted. A total of 379 male-identified participants above 18 who had attended a GBV event in the past year completed an online survey (available in English, French, and Spanish). Respondents represented all continents except Antarctica, although North America was over-represented in the sample. Overall, respondents scored well above North American norms for men on support for gender equality and recognition of male privilege, and this was true across all geographic regions. Men in all regions reported moderate support from friends and somewhat less support from male relatives for their involvement in GBV prevention. Respondents in all regions reported high levels of active bystander and violence-preventive behavior. The most commonly reported motivations for involvement in GBV prevention included concern for related social justice issues, exposure to the issue of violence through work, hearing a moving story, or disclosures about domestic or sexual violence. Results were mainly similar across regions, but when regional differences emerge, they tended to be contrasts between the global north and global south, highlighting the importance of cross-fertilization across regions and a willingness to adapt critical learnings in new geographic settings.
Schlagwörter:bystander interventions; cultural contexts; domestic violence; gender-based violence; Intervention; Prävention; prevention & control; sexual assault; sexual violence; sexuelle Gewalt
CEWS Kategorie:Mentoring und Training, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Inhalt: Researchers in many fields, especially those engaged in the study of gender-based violence, have shown an interest in using mixed designs as innovative methodological procedures to transform social realities. In this article, we introduce the ‘‘communicative evaluation of social impact’’ as a methodological tool to reveal the social impact achieved by a multiphase mixed methods design conducted sequentially on gender-based violence in Spanish universities. This tool shows the transformative power of mixed methods with a communicative orientation to generate new legislation, create proper conditions for reporting abuse, and establish new solidarity dynamics with and among the victims to promote violence-free universities.
Schlagwörter:communicative evaluation of social impact; gender-based violence; mixed methods; Spain; Spanien; Wirkungsevaluation
#MedToo: A Large-Scale Examination of the Incidence and Impact of Sexual Harassment of Physicians and Other Faculty at an Academic Medical Center
Autor/in:
Vargas, Emily A.; Brassel, Sheila T.; Cortina, Lilia M.; Settles, Isis H.; Johnson, Timothy R. B.; Jagsi, Reshma
Quelle: Journal of Women's Health 29 (1), S. 13–20, (2020, zuerst veröffentlicht online 2019)
Inhalt: Background: A landmark National Academies report highlighted the need for rigorous evaluation of sexual harassment in medicine. We examined the prevalence and impact of sexual harassment using the Sexual Experiences Questionnaire, the standard for measurement of sexual harassment, but which has not been previously applied within academic medicine. Materials and Methods: A 20-minute online survey was administered to all faculty who had been working at University of Michigan Medical School for at least 1 year (n = 2723). We assessed sexual harassment within the past year from insiders (i.e., from staff, students, and faculty) and from patients and patients' families. We also evaluated mental health, job satisfaction, sense of safety at work, and turnover intentions. Results: In the final sample (n = 705; which included 25.9% of the originally targeted population), most respondents, 82.5% of women and 65.1% of men, reported at least one incident of sexual harassment from insiders in the past year; 64.4% of women and 44.1% of men reported harassment from patients and patients' families. The most frequently experienced dimension of sexual harassment for women and men was sexist gender harassment. Increased experiences of harassment were independently associated with lower mental health, job satisfaction, and sense of safety at work, as well as increased turnover intentions, with no significant interactions by gender. Conclusions: Sexual harassment against medical faculty is alarmingly common at an institution that is not expected to be atypical. Interventions must address sexual harassment, which affects mental health and career outcomes of male and female physicians.
Schlagwörter:career outcomes; medicine; Medizin; mental health; sexual harassment; sexuelle Belästigung
Barriers to women leaders in academia : Tales from science and technology
Autor/in:
Howe-Walsh, Liza; Turnbull, Sarah
Quelle: Studies in Higher Education, 41 (2016, zuerst veröffentlicht online 2014) 3, S 415–428
Inhalt: There is growing concern regarding the lack of women in senior positions in science and technology (ST) in United Kingdom (UK) universities. Previous research has enhanced our understanding of the challenges women in academia face to progress their careers. In contrast, relatively little is known as to why so few women reach leadership positions in ST. This article reports on research to examine women’s experiences regarding the perceived barriers to leadership in ST faculties in UK universities. Using in-depth interviews the authors explore personal narratives to highlight the perceived barriers to career advancement. Findings report on the gendered nature of ST faculties and how women struggle to navigate their careers. The investigation illustrates the effect of organisational influences such as temporary work arrangements, maledominated networks, intimidation and harassment, as well as individual influences such as lack of confidence.