Are we failing female and racialized academics? A Canadian national survey examining the impacts of the COVID‐19 pandemic on tenure and tenure‐track faculty
Autor/in:
Davis, Jennifer C.; Li, Eric Ping Hung; Butterfield, Mary Stewart; DiLabio, Gino A.; Sangunthanam, Nithi; Marcolin, Barbara
Quelle: Gend Work Organ (Gender, Work and Organization), (2022)
Inhalt: The novel coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic caused the abrupt curtailment of on-campus research activities that amplified impacts experienced by female and racialized faculty. In this mixed-method study, we systematically and strategically unpack the impact of the shift of academic work environments to remote settings on tenured and tenure-track faculty in Canada. Our quantitative analysis demonstrated that female and racialized faculty experienced higher levels of stress, social isolation and lower well-being. Fewer women faculty felt support for health and wellness. Our qualitative data highlighted substantial gender inequities reported by female faculty such as increased caregiving burden that affected their research productivity. The most pronounced impacts were felt among pre-tenured female faculty. The present study urges university administration to take further action to support female and racialized faculty through substantial organizational change and reform. Given the disproportionate toll that female and racialized faculty experienced, we suggest a novel approach that include three dimensions of change: (1) establishing quantitative metrics to assess and evaluate pandemic-induced impact on research productivity, health and well-being, (2) coordinating collaborative responses with faculty unions across the nation to mitigate systemic inequities, and (3) strategically implementing a storytelling approach to amplify the experiences of marginalized populations such as women or racialized faculty and include those experiences as part of recommendations for change.
Circling the divide: Gendered invisibility, precarity, and professional service work in a UK business school
Autor/in:
Seymour, Kate
Quelle: Gend Work Organ (Gender, Work and Organization), (2022)
Inhalt: Within UK business schools, there are large numbers of female and feminized white-collar professional service (PS) employees in disproportionately low-paid, low-status roles, but surprisingly, they are largely invisible within the literature on sexism and gender inequalities in academia. This paper conceptualizes PS experiences by examining how forms of gendered invisibility affect professional staff working in the hybrid “third” space between academic and administrative realms. I develop a conceptual analysis of invisibility—of invisible work and as invisible worker—arising from the performance of professional and academic work. This allows me to analyze and distinguish forms of what I call service, professional and professional-academic housework, demonstrating how these are thoroughly imbricated in dominant patriarchal cultural ideologies of gender. In developing this schema, I draw self-reflexively on my own experiences of “circling the divide” within a UK business school, developing a rich, multi-perspectival account of the ways visibility and invisibility were experienced in the role of a particular third space professional and “academic-in-waiting.” This paper therefore contributes a systematic conceptualization of gendered invisible housework performed by PS staff within a politicized third space of UK business schools. It also brings often hidden PS “academics-in-waiting” into the literature on feminized precarity in the academy.
Schlagwörter:academic housework; business school; gender inequality; invisibility; MTV; professional service; professional staff; sexism; UK; Verwaltung
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
International migration of researchers and gender imbalance in academia—the case of Norway
Autor/in:
Wendt, Kaja; Gunnes, Hebe; Aksnes, Dag W.
Quelle: Scientometrics (Scientometrics), 127 (2022) 12, S 7575–7591
Inhalt: Female representation among students and graduates in higher education is growing internationally. This is a promising trend for achieving gender balance in top positions in academia. But there is still a long way to go, as women accounted for 26 per cent in top positions at European higher education institutions in 2018. In this article, we examine the influence of international recruitment of researchers on the gender balance—or the lack of gender balance—in Norwegian academia. We draw on data from the Norwegian Register of Research personnel, linked with population statistics from Statistics Norway. These data show that 38 per cent of the researchers at Norwegian higher education institutions in 2018 were born abroad. The share of foreign full professors has increased from 16 per cent in 2001 to 27 per cent in 2018, while for postdocs there has been an increase from 31 to 69 per cent. In terms of overall gender composition, a higher percentage of the foreign-born researchers are male compared with the native Norwegians. The incidence of international recruitment differs significantly across academic fields and is particularly prevalent in engineering. This is also the field where the gender balance is most skewed generally. Taking these variables into account, we conclude that international migration is not among the factors contributing to the gender imbalance in Norwegian academia. In fact, international recruitment has contributed positively to the gender balance in Norway in the majority of the fields analysed.
Schlagwörter:academia; full professor; gender inequality; higher education; international academic mobility; Migration; Norway; Norwegen; recruitment; Rekrutierung
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
„Wenn’s nirgendwo so richtig stimmt“ – Einblicke in qualitative Forschung zu Hochschulkarrieren und Elternschaft unter Corona-Bedingungen
Autor/in:
Haag, Hanna
Quelle: FemPol (Femina Politica – Zeitschrift für feministische Politikwissenschaft), 31 (2022) 2, S 132–136
Inhalt: Wissenschaftskarrieren sind allgemeinhin von einem hohen Selektionsdruck gekennzeichnet (Reuter et al. 2020). In dem vorliegenden Beitrag wird insbesondere die Frage nach der (Un)-Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf mit Blick auf die pandemische Lage fokussiert und aufgezeigt, wie diese selbige verstärkt.
The [M]OTHER : Geschlecht im Hochschulreformdiskurs
Autor/in:
Michalczyk, Stephanie
Quelle: Beltz Juventa, 2021.
Inhalt: „Der Hochschulreformprozess der 2000er-Jahre hat zur Implementierung neuer Governanceformen sowie zur Stärkung neoliberaler Positionen an Hochschulen geführt. Parallel wurden das Anliegen der Chancengleichheit erweitert und die hochschulische Gleichstellungspolitik ausgebaut. Auf Grundlage einer Wissenssoziologischen Diskursanalyse werden die Verhandlungen von Geschlechterungleichheit im öffentlichen Hochschulreformdiskurs untersucht und die Kontinuität vergeschlechtlichter Deutungsmuster aufgezeigt, die auch zu einer kritischen Diskussion des Verhältnisses von Gleichstellungspolitik und neoliberaler Hochschulpolitik führen.“
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Family Ties, Geographic Mobility and the Gender Gap in Academic Aspirations
Autor/in:
Farré, Lídia; Ortega, Francesc
Quelle: (IZA Discussion Paper), 2021.
Inhalt: "This paper provides new evidence supporting that gender differences in post-graduate educational choices contribute to the glass ceiling in the labor market. We study the decision to pursue an advanced degree form an internationally renowned institution, which greatly facilitates access to top jobs. Relying on a unique dataset on applications to a highly selective program that provides merit-based graduate fellowships to Spanish students, we show that women apply for the fellowships at lower rates than observationally equivalent male graduates. We also implemented a large-scale survey on current college students and show that female college graduates have stronger family ties than males, which restricts their geographical mobility and has a negative effect on their educational aspirations. Importantly, the previous pattern is reversed in STEM fields: female graduates in STEM participate in the fellowship program at equal or higher rates than comparable males. In fact, we show that female STEM students originate from more educated families, have higher academic ability, and higher educational and earnings aspirations than women in other fields."
Quelle: Wiesbaden: Springer VS (Jahrbuch geschlechterbezogene Hochschulforschung), 2021.
Inhalt: Im „Jahrbuch geschlechterbezogene Hochschulforschung“ werden regelmäßig Forschungsergebnisse zur Geschlechter(un)gleichheit an nordrheinwestfälischen Hochschulen veröffentlicht. Diese basieren auf detaillierten Analysen hochschulstatistischer bundes- und landesweiter Daten im Quer- und Längsschnitt. Zudem wird erforscht, welche Gleichstellungspraktiken an den Hochschulen mit jeweils aktuellen Schwerpunktsetzungen ein- und umgesetzt werden.
In diesem Band steht der Gender Pay Gap in Hochschule und Wissenschaft im Fokus. In der Wissenschaft wird davon ausgegangen, dass sich Leistung an sachlichen Kriterien messen lässt und dass das Geschlecht der Forschenden und Lehrenden keinen Einfluss auf Leistung und Exzellenz hat. Die Ergebnisse zum Gender Pay Gap auf Professurebene berühren daher gleich zwei empfindliche Tabus. Der erste Tabubruch besteht darin, dass die Geschlechtsneutralität der Wissenschaft hinterfragt wird. Der zweite Tabubruch wird mit dem Sprechen über Geld begangen.
Schlagwörter:Exzellenzinitiative; gender pay gap; Geschlechterungleichheit; Geschlechtsneutralität; Hochschule; Nordrhein-Westfalen; Professorin
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
Women in Academic Economics: Have We Made Progress?
Autor/in:
Ginther, Donna K.; Kahn, Shulamit
Quelle: (NBER Working Paper), 2021.
Inhalt: „This study uses data from Academic Analytics to examine gender differences in promotion to associate professor in economics. We found that women in economics were 15% less likely to be promoted to associate professor after controlling for cumulative publications, citations, grants and grant dollars. In contrast, we found no significant gender differences in promotion in other fields including biomedical science, physical science, political science, mathematics and statistics, and engineering. We separated the sample by the research intensity of institutions and found suggestive evidence that these results were being driven by less research-intensive institutions.“
Schlagwörter:citation gap; economics; gender bias; research grant; woman professor
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Jenseits der Gläsernen Decke : Professorinnen zwischen Anerkennung und Marginalisierung - Handreichung für Gleichstellungs- und Hochschulpolitik
Autor/in:
Wagner, Leonie; Paulitz, Tanja; Dölemeyer, Anne; Fousse, Johannes
Quelle: Darmstadt; Holzminden, 2021.
Inhalt: Wie steht es um die Gleichstellung zwischen Frauen und Männern innerhalb der Gruppe der Professor:innen? Das BMBF-geförderte Verbundprojekt "Jenseits der Gläsernen Decke: Professorinnen zwischen Anerkennung Marginalisierung" unter Leitung von Prof.Dr. Tanja Paulitz (TU Darmstadt) und Prof.Dr. Leonie Wagner (HAWK) hat dies untersucht und präsentiert nun zentrale Ergebnisse in einer Handreichung für die hochschul- und gleichstellungspolitische Praxis. Die Sozialwissenschaftler:innen befragten Professorinnen und Professoren an Universitäten, Fachhochschulen, Kunst- und Musikhochschulen. Die Studie zeigt hochschultyp-übergreifend: Auch jenseits der gläsernen Decke der Lebenszeitberufung bleiben geschlechtsbasierte Asymmetrien bestehen. Diese sind nicht immer offensichtlich, sondern in informelle Praktiken eingebettet. Maßnahmen für mehr Gleichstellung stehen daher vor der Aufgabe, über die reine Steigerung der Frauenanteile auf der Professur hinaus einen grundlegenden Kulturwandel an Hochschulen einzuleiten.Die
Foreign women in academia : Double‐strangers between productivity, marginalization and resistance
Autor/in:
Strauβ, Anke; Boncori, Ilaria
Quelle: Gender Work Organ (Gender, Work & Organization), 17 (2020) 2, 867 S
Inhalt: This article examines the professional experience of foreign women academics working across geographic boundaries in today's neoliberal academia characterized by liquidity. Framed within an intersectional perspective, we use the concept of the ‘double‐stranger' to examine data stemming from 20 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews conducted with scholars at different stages of their career in the social sciences. This article advances understandings of academic careers theoretically by identifying a temporal and hierarchical dynamic in the intersection of two categories of difference (gender and foreignness) that constitute a position of simultaneous belonging and non‐belonging for foreign women academics; and empirically through a qualitative investigation that explores three areas in which academic professional experiences are mobilized for double‐strangers: (i) transnational career moves; (ii) productivity and performance in today's neoliberal academia; and (iii) self‐induced estrangement as a form of resistance.