A unique indigenous justice delivery system of tribes of eastern Himalayan region of India
Autor/in:
Shukla, Kshitiz Kumar; Bhagawati, Kaushik; Jini, Doni; Sen, Amit
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 59, S 56-60
Details
Inhalt: Almost all the tribes across the world have their own indigenous concept of rules, regulation and grievance redress system developed with the evolution of the community to maintain peace, justice and harmony. The indigenous people takes law as a way of life and understand it through experience and interactions. The objective of the current research was to study one unique justice delivery system to address non-criminal cases that cannot be dealt with normal procedure due to lack of evidence, witness and formal proof. The system is prevailing among the tribes of eastern Himalayan region of India. The phenomenological approach was used to study the system as it is in situ. The justice is delivered on the basis of unique system of decision making between two alternatives based on the shape of chicken liver. Involvement of spirituality and spirit make the system acceptable to both the complainant and defendant. The unique characteristic of the system is that it does not penalize the loser, instead the court pray for them and bless them for abiding the decision of the court in presence of the spirit. The justice delivery system aims to maintain harmony in the society as well as save the face of both the loser and winner. In the present system, the justice delivered may be not the just decision, but the loser accepts the decision considering it as the command of the god and spirit without keeping any grudges against the winner. The system demands participation of whole village irrespective of gender and ages, with fundamental aim of preserving the custom and hand down to the next generation.
Schlagwörter:Rechtsanwendung; Spiritualität; justice; Indien; legal order; Ritual; spirituality; court; Gesellschaft; society; ritual; Gericht; Brauchtum; Gerechtigkeit; Recht; legal usage; Rechtsordnung; indigene Völker; India; law; customs; indigenous peoples
SSOAR Kategorie:Ethnologie, Kulturanthropologie, Ethnosoziologie, Kriminalsoziologie, Rechtssoziologie, Kriminologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Issues in countries of the former Soviet Union as the driving force for female migration to Turkey
Autor/in:
Onkal, Guncel; Koshulko, Oksana
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 56, S 120-126
Details
Inhalt: The article presents the results and conclusions of a postdoctoral research project entitled "The migration of women from former Soviet Union countries to Turkey: differences, similarities, and outcomes" that has been conducted in Turkey among women from countries of the former Soviet Union with the aim of exploring the issues in these countries as the driving force for female migration to Turkey and also the causes, problems, difficulties, opportunities, prospects, achievements and outcomes of female migrants in the host country. The basis of this scientific project was semi-structured interviews and focus groups among women from former Soviet Union countries in Turkey.
Schlagwörter:woman; post-socialist country; migration; Migration; Mindestlohn; minimum wage; postsozialistisches Land; UdSSR-Nachfolgestaat; USSR successor state; Türkei; Turkey
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Migration
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Food behaviour correlated with societal influences and health, emotional & intellectual status in a Romanian students population
Autor/in:
Odagiu, Irina; Vintila, Iuliana
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 56, S 64-73
Details
Inhalt: Input data from Students Food Behavior, Preference and Lifestyle Questionnaire conducted with 376 students from University "Dunarea de Jos" Galati was analyzed from socio-demographic criteria. The sample socio-demographic characteristics of the student population beside the general food & eating habits by gender were investigated in Part I of the social research study. The pattern of eating behavior and lifestyle, food behavior influences, self-appreciation of the actual impact on the healthy, emotional & intellectual status and intention of food behavior change was investigated in Part II. The correlation coefficients between food behavior & lifestyle, societal influences and intention of food behavior change variables were analyzed statistically beside the food behavior variables inter-correlation. A slightly negative correlation between energy intake and breakfast consummation [r (1,3)= -0.049] respectively habit of regular sport making [r (1,7)= -0.070] was reported. Energy intake was positive associated with increasing of Body Mass Index (BMI) [r (1,2)= 0.260] and slightly with regular meals [r (1,4)= 0.014]. The overfeeding was associated with the breakfast skipping, super-size and over calories meals and sedentary habits. BMI sample distribution was significantly decrease by sport making habit [r (2,7)= 0.109] and regular pondered meals [r (2,4)= -0.055]. The frequent snacking and the repressive effect of non-desirable overweight social model disseminate aggressively by friends and media increase the student’s weight control, especially in girl's case.
Schlagwörter:nutrition; female pupil; demographic factors; Auswirkung; pupil; eating behavior; Romania; overweight; Ernährung; impact; Schülerin; Rumänien; soziale Faktoren; demographische Faktoren; Schüler; social factors; Essverhalten; Übergewicht; Food Behaviour; Lifestyle; Societal Influences
SSOAR Kategorie:Sozialpsychologie, Medizinsoziologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Racial awareness in Phillis Wheatley's selected poems
Autor/in:
Mani, Manimangai
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 56, S 74-79
Details
Inhalt: Slavery in America began when Africans were brought in as slaves to the North American Colony of Jamestown Virginia around 1619. Slavery in America lasted for almost four hundred years though the trade was legally abolished by Britain in March 1807 (Walvin 163). Although the trade ended, slavery itself continued to survive. Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) is considered the first prominent Black writer in the United States to publish a book of imaginative writing. She is also the first to start the African-American literary tradition, as well as the African-American women literary tradition. Her work, which was derivative, was published in the collection, Poems on Various Subjects (1773) and in various magazines. Her choice of words was mostly biblical where it helped to camouflage her view on slavery. This paper intends to show that all of Wheatley's poems actually carried the theme of freedom. She has intelligently used this theme to articulate her desires in a subtle manner. On the surface, the poems are all preaching the greatness of Christianity to the readers and urging them to find solace through religion. She shows her racial awareness and resistance through various themes of the poems that she wrote. This paper highlights Wheatley's disapproval of slavery through her praise for religion, political commentaries, supporting elegies and death and finally through her escapism into an imaginary world.
Schlagwörter:Literatur; Bewusstsein; escapism; slavery; Freiheit; Rassismus; poetry; Sklaverei; USA; freedom; literature; Dichtung; consciousness; Eskapismus; United States of America; racism
SSOAR Kategorie:Kultursoziologie, Kunstsoziologie, Literatursoziologie, soziale Probleme
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
A Feminist Reading of East of Eden by John Steinbeck
Autor/in:
Mostafaei, Somaye; Shabanirad, Ensieh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 63, S 145-150
Details
Inhalt: East of Eden one of the most controversial works by John Steinbeck since its publication up to now has been receptive to many critical discourses in almost all of the critical approaches. One of the most important reasons to this critical reception is its wide circle of themes and symbolic nature. Having created a world full of universal values, Steinbeck succeeded to challenge many of these values. This paper tries to examine East of Eden with regard to feminist approach. By an over view of the main female characters in the novel especially Cathy Ames as devil incarnate and also the relationship between male and female characters, this paper intends to go through the issue much more deeply and find the dominant viewpoint dominating the whole atmosphere of the novel toward the expected role of women in society and family.
Schlagwörter:Cathy Ames; East of Eden; Feminine; Feminism; John Steinbeck; Patriarchal
SSOAR Kategorie:Literaturwissenschaft, Sprachwissenschaft, Linguistik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Religion and the women leadership question: a philosophical approach
Autor/in:
Ogugua, Ikechukwu Nwakaeze
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 59, S 44-55
Details
Inhalt: Culture is a wider matrix than religion. The relation of male to female in Africa is cultural and metaphysical. The concept of womanhood is set as an appendix, hence derived from the concept of manhood, little surprising, how other structures socio-political are patterned that way reflecting the role of man making the world a masculine one. The society is a mystery of man.I think what religion suggests is the putting in place of the structures necessary for realization of human potentialities and development of virtues such as love, justice, peace, prudence justice, etc. Religion did not deny that there may be areas of overlap as regards some qualities, characteristics or abilities in both sexes. Even as that it gave them vital roles such as judges, prophets but never headship both in the old and new testaments. Religion may advocate women taking part in political leadership of their nations but not as overseers, rather as helpers for they were called helpmate (s) in Genesis. God said it is not good that man will be alone, let me make him a helpmate meet for him.
Schlagwörter:gender relations; woman; Geschlechterverhältnis; Religion; religion; Führungsposition; Philosophie; philosophy; executive position
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Philosophie, Theologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Influence of migration in women emancipation: case study from Kosovan Albanian diaspora
Autor/in:
Dushi, Mimoza
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 58, S 91-103
Details
Inhalt: In many undeveloped Mediterranean countries with few occupational possibilities, international migration from late 1960's become a matter of government policy, frequently through bilateral agreements for guest workers. Initially part of these agreements were only men, who migrated toward European counties as seasonal workers. This type of migration created attitudes among the Albanian population in Kosovo that international migrations are mainly for men. However, being in such places with high employment opportunities, profits and life standard, many of them decided to continue living in host countries, bringing thus their family members along. This move gave the to the Kosovar Albanian women opportunity to become part of host societies and possibility to Albanian population to understand that migration as a right which belong to both genders' equally.Initially, migrated women who joined their husbands came mainly from rural and low educated families and were personally and mentally unprepared for a new life in an alien environment. Even though their integration into host societies was challenge for them, we argue that migration has affected their status and family life, as well. By entering into a wage earning production process they become more independent and active in family decision processes, families became egalitarian, relations between family members became more open and their social networks were expanding. Additionally, recent female migrants are more open into integration processes. They are showing interest for involvement into labor market and educational processes, meaning that beside job, they tend to ensure the position at profession, as well.These criteria of emancipation we will prove by using ethnographic research technique, which implies the collection and analysis of detailed in-depth interviews (life stories) of Kosovan Albanian migrants in Germany and Switzerland. By women’s narratives, through which they express themselves, will draw a conclusion about integration strategies and way of living in host societies. While, the husbands and children’s narratives will be used to prove the changes in their family life.
Schlagwörter:Southeastern Europe; integration; Migration; interview; Albania; Kosovo; Biographie; education system; influence; Integration; labor market; Arbeitsmarkt; Familienzusammenführung; Emanzipation; Albanien; Bildungswesen; family reunion; Südosteuropa; Interview; woman; Einfluss; emancipation; migration; biography; Kosovo
SSOAR Kategorie:Ethnologie, Kulturanthropologie, Ethnosoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Familiensoziologie, Sexualsoziologie, Migration
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
"Honour" killings in Europe as an effect of migration process: perspective for Poland
Autor/in:
Sadowa, Katarzyna
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 58, S 83-90
Details
Inhalt: In this paper the author analyses the phenomenon of so-called honour killings as an actual problem of European countries. The author shows that the issue is present in Europe as the result of immigration process and simultaneity is far from resolving. Moreover, while there is a great risk of its' increase, the proper combating measures are needed. As the author comes from Poland, the main aim of the publication is to stress that the problem of "honour" killings and wider - "honour" based violence is a growing threat to this country. Therefore, adequate strategy preventing the issue should be prepare now. Firstly, the author shortly characterizes the issue by providing proper definition and demonstrates its scale. The of the actual problem of "honour" killings in Europe is described especially by analysing the causal link between the immigration process and honour based violence. The second part of the publication contains the analysis of United Kingdom's strategy for fighting against "honour" based acts and its evaluation as an example of well-developed preventing measures. Finally, the author examines the recent Polish cases of "honour" killings and shows the risk of their growing impact on Polish society and law that justifies taking immediate steps (creating adequate strategy) to deter the increase of the problem.
Schlagwörter:Verbrechensbekämpfung; crime fighting; homicide; Europe; Menschenrechte; Polen; Ehre; Tötungsdelikt; violence; human rights; Gewalt; woman; Europa; strategy; Poland; Minderheit; Muslim; honor; minority; Strategie; Muslim; Einwanderung; immigration
SSOAR Kategorie:Kriminalsoziologie, Rechtssoziologie, Kriminologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Migration
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
The effectiveness of choice theory group therapy of glasser on divorced women self-efficacy
Autor/in:
Aghili, Seyed Mojtaba; Valinezhad, Zahra; Baghteyfouni, Zahra Karami
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 62, S 182-188
Details
Inhalt: The purpose of the present research was to study the effectiveness of choice theory group therapy by William Glasser (1998) on divorced women self-efficacy between 18 to 23 years old. The research was semi experimental type along with pretest-past test. Using self-efficacy questionnaire (SGSES), 30 women who was of low self-efficacy were chosen on simple random and were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. Experiment group received 8 sessions treatment of Choice Theory group therapy for two months while the control group did not receive any training. After receiving training, self-efficacy was measured for next time. The collected data was analyzed by SPSS v.21 and by applying multivariate analysis covariance. The results revealed self-efficacy (P<0.05) significant effect. The present investigation clarified choice theory group therapy increased divorced women self-efficacy.
Schlagwörter:woman; Selbstwirksamkeit; group therapy; divorce; Gruppentherapie; self-efficacy; Ehescheidung; Auswahltheorie
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Speech act of thanking: a contrastive analysis among Iranian EFL learners in terms of gender and level of proficiency
Autor/in:
Hesabi, Akbar; Azima, Mina
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 59, S 76-84
Details
Inhalt: The speech act of thanking is one of the fairly neglected areas of research in the Iranian context. The present study seeks to investigate the ways in which this social act is expressed by young male and female EFL learners. To collect the data for this study sixty participants (30 males, 30females) were selected randomly from among the population of BA and MA students of Najafabad university and students learning English in a language institutes located in Najafabad. The major focus of this study was the role that gender and individuals’ level of proficiency might play in the application of thanking strategies. Students were asked to complete a discourse completion test (DCT). They were supposed to read thirteen natural situations, and react to them via expressing gratitude. In order to analyze the utterances of thanking, Cheng's coding scheme was employed. Students' responses were further classified according to the gender and level of proficiency. The results revealed that the females were more cautious in selecting strategies of gratitude. Individuals' level of proficiency was also found to play an important role in the process of strategy selection.
Schlagwörter:Iran; competence; Sprechakt; gender; knowledge; Iran; Student; student; Kompetenz; Gender; language; speech act; Mann; woman; Sprache; man; Wissen; Dankbarkeit
SSOAR Kategorie:Kommunikationssoziologie, Sprachsoziologie, Soziolinguistik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz