Examining the level of women participation with and without higher education in form of humanitarian activities and charitable affairs
Autor/in:
Cheraghi, Masoumeh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 53, S 78-85
Details
Inhalt: The present article aims to examine the women's participation in charitable affairs of special diseases and to conduct a comparative comparison between women with higher education and women lacking such education. To this end, utilizing prominent sociological perspectives, first a coherent theoretical framework was provided and upon which research questions and hypotheses were proposed. Given the dependent variable of this research, a survey method was chosen for examining the women's participation in charitable affairs of special diseases and a comparative comparison between women with and without higher education. The research methodology in here is causative and a correlational investigation. Here, in this research the analysis unit is individual and the analysis level is a micro level. The independent variable in this research is education and the dependent variable is the social participation. The statistical population of this research included 750 women who were participating in special disease related charitable affairs. Quota sampling method and then simple random method were applied and as many as 254 people were selected. Tools for data collection were questionnaires. The findings obtained indicated the existence of a significant statistical relation between the independent variable of this research, i.e. education and dependent variable, i.e. social participation.
Schlagwörter:woman; Beteiligung; participation; soziale Dienste; social services; Bildungsniveau; level of education; Krankheit; illness
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Medizinsoziologie, Sonstiges zur Sozialarbeit und Sozialpädagogik, Allgemeines, spezielle Theorien und Schulen, Methoden, Entwicklung und Geschichte der Erziehungswissenschaft
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
A study of carter's The Snow Child in the light of Showalter's theories
Autor/in:
Aziz Mohammadi, Fatemeh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 48, S 133-137
Details
Inhalt: Angela Carter was an English fiction writer and journalist. Her female protagonists often take an empowered roles where they rise up against oppression and fight for both sexual and political equality. The actions of these women are direct reflections of the feminist movement that took place in the 1970s. The concepts within this movement relating specifically to the ideologies of radical-libertarian feminist, and regarding the extent to which she promotes feminist due to her style, referred to as "Galm-Rock" feminism. Carter began experimenting with writing fairy tales in 1970, which coincided with the period of second wave feminism in the Unites States. The majority of Angela Carter's work revolve around a specific type of feminism, radical libertarian feminism and her critique of the patriarchal role that have been placed on women. In this article, the main concentrate is on heroine's internalized consciousness which echoes in their behavior. All of the female protagonists in carter's short stories; such as The Courtship of Mr. Lyon, The Tiger's Bride, The snow child and mainly in The Bloody chamber have similar characteristics with different conditions, in which they are represented in a very negative light with less than ideal roles. In these stories, the protagonist is a young girl who has many conflicts with love and desire. Carter attempts to encourage women to do something about this degrading representation.
Schlagwörter:Literatur; literature; Feminismus; feminism; Emanzipation; emancipation; Patriarchat; patriarchy; Liebe; love; Pornographie; pornography; Carter, A.
SSOAR Kategorie:Kultursoziologie, Kunstsoziologie, Literatursoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Assessment of the human communication indexes between employees of branches of social security organization in Tehran (Iran)
Autor/in:
Akbarian, Mehdi
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 45, S 61-72
Details
Inhalt: Objective: The purpose of this study was assessment of the human communication indexes between employees branches of Social Security Organization (SSO) of TehranMethod: The method used in this study, the survey method is most common in quantitative research. The sample size was calculated based on Morgan 271 were randomly selected based on these numbers. This study was conducted to collect data and information from the questionnaire were used. Questionnaire consisted of 32 questions of human relations which 5 first question demographic questionnaire and subjects such as sex, education, work experience, marital status and age were included in the study, as well as other questions samples to determine the basis of human relations based on the five choice Likert scale (always, often, sometimes, rarely, never ) was designed. In this project, SPSS software was used to analysis the data.Findings: The results showed that the level of communication skills of staff from the employees' point of view is evaluated desirable (p<0.05). The study results showed that the central staff organization perspective on human communication of employees in these organizations varies according to gender and gender workers on the significant relationship of the staff human relations index. 40% of male participants and 27% of female participants evaluated communication skills, desirable. So men, more than women have a positive opinion about the staff of Organization human communication index. staff's view about the organization of the employees in the organization of human relationships education are different (p<0.05) in terms of their scores significantly negatively correlated Affairs staff to staff communication skills. A negative correlation means that higher level, the weaker the staff of Human Relations have evaluated. staff perspective on human communication parameters of the staff in terms of work experience is different (p>0.05). Thus, no significant correlation between duration of working on their score is an index of human communications staff. staff's view about the employees in the organization about human relationships in terms of a significant relationship between marital statuses (p>0.05) of employees and their score to human communications index of staff. However, 35% of married people and 19% of single people evaluated communication skills of personnel, appropriate. Thus, there is no significant correlation between duration of working and their score to staff index of human communications (p>0.05). Positive correlation means that with increasing age, a higher score on the index of human communications staff are employees and age, people are more important than communication skills. Positive correlation means that with increasing age, employees have higher scores on the index of human communications and aging causes people to care more about communication skills.
Schlagwörter:Iran; Iran; Kommunikation; communication; Kommunikationsfähigkeit; communication skills; Mitarbeiter; co-worker; Sozialversicherung; social insurance; Bewertung; evaluation
SSOAR Kategorie:interpersonelle Kommunikation
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Identification of barriers to entrepreneurship of female household heads covered by Tehran welfare organization
Autor/in:
Shahmahmoudi, Reza; Danesh, Parvaneh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 43, S 60-72
Details
Inhalt: One of the important tasks of social helpers is empowerment of vulnerable groups. One of these vulnerable groups is female household heads. One of the practices that can help empowering of them is to encourage female household heads to financial independence. Entrepreneurship is something that can lead to financial independence of female household heads. Moreover, entrepreneurship can lead to better mental and social health of this vulnerable group. The first step in empowering female household heads through entrepreneurship is to identify their obstacles and entrepreneurship problems. Because by identification of these barriers it can be done more appropriate measures in order to empower them. So, the aim of the present study is to identify entrepreneurship barriers of female household heads covered by Welfare Organization in Tehran. The method of the current study is survey. The statistical population of this research is all female household heads covered by Welfare Organization in Tehran that 350 of them were selected randomly.In order to collect data in this research, researcher-built questionnaire was used. In this research, the face validity and content aspect of the questionnaire were confirmed and reliability coefficient was obtained 0.81 using Cronbach’s alpha indicating desirable reliability of research questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed through self-creativity and then data were analyzed using SPSS software. Among problems that women encountered with them, the first ten ones are respectively the loss of fund to begin a job, existence of strictly official rules, gender discrimination and ignoring the ability of women by the society and responsible organizations, ignoring women in management affairs, over-concern about paying back the loans, emphasis on having personal fund instead of borrowing it from others, loss of pawn in order to get a loan, lack of proper support by government and governmental organizations, few facilities to begin a job by sponsor organizations, and unsuitable behavior of some organizations due to promotion of male-dominating in the society that statistically meaningful difference in prioritizing of these barriers was seen (p < 0.05). Considering the findings of the current research, the programs in order to support female household heads economically and special facilities for them can provide their entrepreneurship basis. Also, gender discriminations against women especially female household heads can be decreased through acculturating using media and national media. The findings of the current research can be useful for social helpers, sponsor organizations and policymakers in direction of empowering the female household heads.
Schlagwörter:Iran; Iran; woman; Unternehmen; enterprise; Unternehmerin; ; Diskriminierung; discrimination; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role
SSOAR Kategorie:Management, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Western feminist consciousness in Buchi Emecheta's The joys of motherhood
Autor/in:
Barfi, Zahra; Alaei, Sarieh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 42, S 12-20
Details
Inhalt: Feminism is a collection of movements which struggles for women's rights. Focusing on gender as a basis of women's sexual oppression, feminist scholarship attempts to establish equal rights for women politically, economically, socially, personally, etc. The Joys of Motherhood highlights Buchi Emecheta's critical view toward colonialism and racism affecting Third world women's lives. Besides this, Emecheta goes further to display African women's invisibility and marginalization-which were out of sight for a long time-in terms of some aspects of Western feminist discourse. Her creative discourse, in this regard, casts further light upon the issue of gender oppression in African feminist study. Hence, this study attempts to examine the way in which Emecheta furthers Western feminist ideology.
Schlagwörter:Literatur; literature; Feminismus; feminism; Entwicklungsland; developing country; Kolonialismus; colonialism; Rassismus; racism; woman; Afrika; Africa; gender; Unterdrückung; oppression; Emecheta, B.
SSOAR Kategorie:Kultursoziologie, Kunstsoziologie, Literatursoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Oil economy and female prostitution in Port Harcourt
Autor/in:
David, U.J.; Poroma, C.; Jackson, Onome Robinson
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 42, S 121-132
Details
Inhalt: The research directs attention to the relationship between oil economy and increase in female prostitution. Specifically, we x-ray the historical and dialectical origin of prostitution from the colonial to the post colonial era. We contend that, prostitution is a condition imposed on females from low income background by poverty and that oil exploration and exploitation activities which are a manifest consequence of the expanded reproduction of capital (ERC) accentuate the rate of prostitution particularly in Port Harcourt. It is against this backdrop that, we attempt to demystify the social processes and the dynamic relations that produce prostitution with a view to recommending theoretical and practical measures of curbing prostitution as a social problem.
Schlagwörter:Erdöl; crude oil; Energiewirtschaft; energy industry; Nigeria; Nigeria; Prostitution; prostitution; woman; soziales Problem; social problem; Armut; poverty; Ausbeutung; exploitation; historische Entwicklung; historical development; Kolonialismus; colonialism; soziale Klasse; social class; Afrika; Africa
SSOAR Kategorie:Wirtschaftssektoren, soziale Probleme, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Rebellious and strong black women in paradise
Autor/in:
Ghasemi, Parvin; Torabi, Zadmehr
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 53, S 122-132
Details
Inhalt: The main aim of this paper is to apply black feminist tenets especially those of Bell Hooks and Alice Walker to demonstrate that unlike the passive black female characters of The Bluest Eye, and the resisting but finally victimized black women of Beloved, the wise and strong black women of Paradise who live in the Convent, are strong enough to recreate themselves as subjects, and to cultivate their own unique identity in a hegemonic environment which is replete with racial and gender discrimination. Black feminist actions and womanistic rituals help them accomplish this improvement. Consolata, and Mavis are two of such strong women of the Convent who not only succeed in healing themselves, but also in healing other black women as well. Black feminists claim in order to place black women at the center of stories about the American past, they must be depicted as subjects, that is, as creative change-agents, rather than as objects, or victims of hegemonic agency. In Paradise black women are depicted thus, have their own voices, and completely reject the patriarchal ideology.
Schlagwörter:people of color; woman; Feminismus; feminism
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Scientific Literacy of Undergraduate Chemistry Students in the University of the West Indies, Barbados: Individual and Joint Contributions of Age, Sex and Level of Study
Autor/in:
Ogunkola, Babalola; Maughan, Jelisa; Garner-O'Neale, Leah
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2014) 13, S 41-55
Details
Inhalt: The purpose of this study was two-fold. Firstly, to determine the level of scientific literacy of Chemistry undergraduate students at The University of the West Indies, Cave Hill Campus and secondly to investigate the individual and joint contributions of sex, age and level of study to the level of scientific literacy of the students. A total of one hundred and one (101) Chemistry undergraduate students from across the preliminary, 1st, 2nd and final years, participated in the study. The instrument chosen for this investigation, was the Basic Scientific Literacy Questionnaire (BSLQ) developed by Richard Carrier in 2001, which consisted of twenty-four (24) "True" and "False" questions. The instrument was found to be reliable with Crombach Alpha value of 0.6. The contributions of the variables sex, age range and level of study to the level of scientific literacy, were also analyzed and these were done via Independent Sample t-tests, Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and linear regression. A confidence level of 95% was the set level for all of the analyses conducted. It was found that overall, the Chemistry undergraduate students are at a "Good" level of scientific literacy. There were no statistically significant differences in the level of scientific literacy based on age range and level of study. However, sex was found to have contributed most and significantly to variations in the level of scientific literacy of the undergraduate chemistry students.
Schlagwörter:Student; student; Chemie; chemistry; Kompetenz; competence; Wissen; knowledge; demographische Faktoren; demographic factors; gender-specific factors; Barbados; Barbados; Karibischer Raum; Caribbean Region; Scientific Literacy; University of the West Indies
SSOAR Kategorie:Bildungswesen tertiärer Bereich
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Margaret Atwood in the second and third waves of feminism on the basis of Julia Kristeva's theories
Autor/in:
Barfi, Zahra; Alaei, Sarieh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2014) 40, S 13-21
Details
Inhalt: Although Margaret Atwood started writing in the second phase of feminism, some of her works show the features of the second and the third wave of feminism. It's clear in Atwood’s Cat’s Eye. Elaine, protagonist of the novel, and other female characters indicate these features. Some of Atwood’s works imply Kristeva's theories. Unlike the second wave of feminism, Julia Kristeva as a postmodern feminist rejects the distinction between sex and gender believing that these two terms respectively represent biology and culture which cannot be separated from each other. This idea can be examined in Margaret Atwood's novel, Cat's Eye, as a feature of the third wave of feminism. The authors of this article seek to analyze Atwood's famous novel, Cat's Eye, in the second and third waves of feminism based on Julia Kristeva's theories.
Schlagwörter:Literatur; literature; Feminismus; feminism; Theorie; theory; Kristeva, J.; Atwood, M.
SSOAR Kategorie:Kultursoziologie, Kunstsoziologie, Literatursoziologie, Ökologie und Umwelt
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Visions of the daughters of Albion: the influence of Mary Wollstonecraft's life and career on William Blake
Autor/in:
Abbasi, Pyeaam; Keshavarzian, Ramin
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2014) 40, S 48-63
Details
Inhalt: The present study discussed the influence of one of the eighteenth-century British women of color, the feminist Mary Wollstonecraft, on William Blake. By adopting a biographical and also a comparative approach, the authors tried to highlight the influences of Wollstonecraft's personal life, character, and career, chiefly her A Vindication of the Rights of Woman (1792), on one of William Blake's less-referred-to poems Visions of the Daughters of Albion (1793). The study will help readers to both know Wollstonecraft's prominence and also to grasp more of William Blake and his poetry. The authors also attempted to show that William Blake was part of the early feminism of the late eighteenth century.
Schlagwörter:Literatur; literature; Einfluss; influence; Feminismus; feminism; 18. Jahrhundert; eighteenth century; woman; Recht; law; Frauenrechtlerin; feminist; Biographie; biography; Wollstonecraft, M.; Blake, W.
SSOAR Kategorie:Kultursoziologie, Kunstsoziologie, Literatursoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz