Women in Higher Education Management : Agents for Cultural and Structural Change?
Autor/in:
Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Soc. Sci. (Social Sciences), 8 (2019) 6, 172 S
Inhalt: This article examines whether and under which conditions a rising participation of women in higher education management contributes to cultural and structural change in science and research. In Austria, the introduction of a statutory quota regulation for university decision-making bodies like the rectorate, the senate, or the university council brought about a rapid and substantial increase in the share of female rectors and vice rectors. However, there are also gender-specific differences among rectorate members: women are significantly younger than men when they take up a rectorate position and switch less frequently from a professorship to such a position. This situation and the gender expertise of the rectors and vice rectors themselves contribute to the potential for change. Explicit gender equality goals and the establishment of gender competence as a qualification criterion for all rectors and vice rectors would be needed to make use of the potential of women in the rectorate to be agents for cultural and structural change.
The practice and perceptions of RRI-A gender perspective
Autor/in:
Bührer, Susanne; Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Evaluation and program planning, 77 (2019)
Inhalt: Little is known to date about the practice and perceptions of RRI among researchers in Europe as well as the integration of the gender dimension into everyday RRI practices. This lack was addressed by two large-scale surveys that were launched in the course of the EU-funded MoRRI project (Monitoring the evolution and benefits of RRI, Contract number RTD-B6-PP-00964-2013, Duration 09/2013-03/2018). The analysis shows that the institutional environment positively influences the degree of RRI activities and the general attitudes towards more responsible research and innovation: researchers working in an institutional environment that systematically supports the practice of RRI are more active in RRI practices than researchers who do not rely on such structures. For the gender equality dimension, this means that institutions with a gender equality plan (GEP) in place are more inclined to support female researchers than institutions without such institutional incentives. Furthermore, researchers with experiences in EU-funded projects are more likely to be engaged in RRI activities. Even if female researchers have a stronger inclination to engage with society than their male counterparts, gender competence proves to be the relevant distinguishing criterion. Gender competent researchers are more often involved in other RRI activities.
Schlagwörter:European research and innovation policy; Forschungspolitik; Gender competence; gender equality; Genderkompetenz; Gleichstellungspolitik; Governance; responsible research and innovation
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Implementierung von Gleichstellungszielen in wirkungsorientierten Steuerungsprozessen: aktuelle Beispiele und Umsetzungserfahrungen
Herausgeber/in:
Wroblewski, Angela; Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien
Quelle: Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien; Wien (IHS Working Paper, 7), 2019. 34 S
Inhalt: Die Bundesverfassung sieht als Grundsätze der Haushaltsführung des Bundes die Wirkungsorientierung sowie Gender Budgeting vor. Damit sind Bund, Länder und Gemeinden verpflichtet, bei der Haushaltsführung die tatsächliche Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern anzustreben. Das vorliegende Reihenpaper enthält zwei Beiträge, die sich mit der Umsetzung von Gleichstellungszielen im Rahmen der wirkungsorientierten Haushaltsführung auseinander setzen. Zum einen wird der Prozess der wirkungsorientierten Steuerung im Bundesland Steiermark beschrieben, zum anderen die Umsetzung der Zielsetzung der Erhöhung des Frauenanteils in Professuren und Laufbahnstellen im Wissenschaftsressort.
Schlagwörter:Gleichstellungspolitik; equal opportunity policy; öffentlicher Haushalt; public budget; Steuerung; steering; Frauenanteil; proportion of women; Hochschullehrer; university teacher; Steiermark; Styria; Österreich; Austria
Frauenkarrieren im Hochschulmanagement : Studie im Auftrag des Bundesministeriums für Bildung, Wissenschaft und Forschung (BMBWF) - unveröffentlicher Endbericht
Autor/in:
Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS); Wien, 2019.
Steering by Evaluation in Times of Impact Orientation and Monitoring?
Autor/in:
Wroblewski, Angela; Lipinsky, Anke
Quelle: fteval. Journal for Research and Technology Policy Evaluation, (2018) 45, S 22–27
Inhalt: Gender equality is a goal of German and Austrian higher education policy, which is currently being shaped by decentralised policy implementation and a distinct orientation on impact. In this article, we discuss the contribution that evaluation can make to the interplay between the two. In doing so, we draw on the evaluations of two gender equality policies aimed at increasing the share of women professors. Using these two examples, we demonstrate the role that evaluation can play with regard to policy steering in a setting characterised by decentralised policy implementation and impact orientation. Our focus thereby lies not just on the use of evaluation results by the commissioning bodies but also on the acceptance and use of evaluations and their associated instruments (e.g. indicators) by the higher education institutions themselves, thereby allowing evaluation to contribute to a general discourse on gender equality politics.
Schlagwörter:decision making; Deutschland; Gleichstellungspolitik; Higher education and state; indicators; Indikatoren; Österreich; policy evaluation; Politics; University autonomy; Wirksamkeit; Wirkungsanalyse
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaftspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Chancen feministischer Evaluation: Methodische Herausforderungen bei der Evaluation von Gender Mainstreaming und Gleichstellungspolitiken
Herausgeber/in:
Wroblewski, Angela; Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien
Quelle: Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien; Wroblewski, Angela; (Reihe Soziologie / Institut für Höhere Studien, Abt. Soziologie, 119)2018. 79 S
Inhalt: Bei Untersuchungen im Kontext von Gender Mainstreaming, Gleichstellungspolitik oder feministischen Fragestellungen stellen sich häufig spezifische Herausforderungen im Zusammenhang mit dem empirischen Zugang. Der Arbeitskreis Gender Mainstreaming (AK GM) der Gesellschaft für Evaluation (DeGEval) stellte die Wahl adäquater Methoden bzw. Forschungsdesigns für die Evaluation von Gender Mainstreaming Maßnahmen, Gleichstellungspolitiken sowie feministischer Evaluation ins Zentrum seiner Frühjahrstagung 2017, die am 11. Mai 2017 am IHS stattfand und die mit dem vorliegenden Band dokumentiert wird.
Inhalt: Gender equality policies for Austrian universities have a long tradition and are characterised by a sound legal framework. Since the 1980 the framework as well as concrete measures have undergone several reforms. The paper focuses on current reforms and sketch possible future developments.
Feminist University Management: Precondition or Indicator for Success? : A Case Study from Austria
Autor/in:
Wroblewski, Angela
Quelle: Gendered Success in Higher Education. Kate White, Pat O'Connor (Hrsg.), London: Palgrave Macmillan. 2017, S 49–70
Inhalt: Austria has a long tradition of gender equality policies in academia. While female participation among students and staff has increased, leading positions have remained a man’s world. Consequently, specific initiatives were implemented like a quota regulation to integrate more women into university management. This chapter discusses the potential of feminist management to initiate cultural change and the challenges it faces in the context of the traditional ideal of a good scientist (Weber, Wissenschaft als Beruf [Science as profession], Duncker & Humbolt, Berlin, 1996 [1919]). Using documents and interviews, the analysis reveals a clear priority towards equality in strategic documents, and also that the main steering instruments are not adequate for a university which already exceeds equality targets formulated by higher education policy. The chapter examines possible strategies to deal with this dilemma.
Schlagwörter:case study; cultural change; equality; female participation; feminist management; Gleichstellungspolitik; Hochschulleitung; Hochschulmanagement; Hochschulpolitik; Österreich; Quote; science as a profession; Wissenschaftsideal
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Gleichstellung messbar machen : Grundlagen und Anwendungen von Gender- und Gleichstellungsindikatoren
Quelle: Wiesbaden: Springer VS, 2016, 1. Aufl. 2016. VIII, 293 Seiten in 1 Teil
Inhalt: Dieser Band schließt eine wichtige Lücke in den politischen und wissenschaftlichen Debatten um Gleichstellung, indem die zahlreichen Herausforderungen, die die Entwicklung und Bewertung von Indikatoren für Gleichstellung mit sich bringen, umfassend dargestellt und diskutiert werden. Auf dieser Basis werden allgemeine Kriterien für die Entwicklung von Gender- und Gleichstellungsindikatoren formuliert. Neben den methodischen und gendertheoretischen Fragen, die hierbei berücksichtigt werden müssen, wird auch auf die Rolle von Gender- und Gleichstellungsindikatoren im Rahmen politischer Prozesse eingegangen.
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Statistik und statistische Daten, Geschlechterverhältnis, Gleichstellungspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
Mentoring - an instrument to promote equality in science and research: status quo, new developments, and challenges
Herausgeber/in:
Wroblewski, Angela; Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien
Quelle: Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien; (Reihe Soziologie / Institut für Höhere Studien, Abt. Soziologie, 110)2015. 102 S
Inhalt: Im universitären Kontext gehören Mentoringprogramme seit Jahren zu den zentralen Maßnahmen zur Förderung der Gleichstellung von Frauen und Männern. Über die Akzeptanz, Umsetzung und Zielerreichung von Mentoringprogrammen für Frauen an Universitäten liegt eine Reihe von Informationen vor. So wurden einzelne Projekte für Wissenschafterinnen evaluiert und auf Basis der Ergebnisse weiterentwickelt. Einige Fragestellungen wurden bislang jedoch noch nicht diskutiert. Diese ergeben sich zum einen aus aktuellen hochschulpolitischen Entwicklungen und zum anderen aus der aktuellen Literatur zu Mentoring. Konkret werden folgende Fragen durch die Beiträge des vorliegenden Bandes diskutiert: Mit welchen Herausforderungen sehen sich Mentoringprogramme aktuell konfrontiert? Inwiefern besteht Weiterentwicklungsbedarf bestehender Mentoringprogramme? Unter welchen Bedingungen können etablierte Mentoringprogramme, die als frauenfördernde Maßnahmen konzipiert sind, auch für weitere Diversitätsgruppen geöffnet werden? Welches Potential ist mit der Weiterentwicklung von Mentoring in Richtung Sponsorship verbunden? Inwieweit können Mentoringkonzepte, die sich im universitären Bereich bewährt haben, auf den außeruniversitären Bereich übertragen werden? (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: In the university context, mentoring has long been one of the key measures used to promote gender equality. Accordingly, a range of information is available on the acceptance, implementation and performance of mentoring programmes for women at universities. A number of projects for researchers have already been evaluated and adapted in line with the findings. Yet current developments in higher education policy on the one hand and contemporary literature on mentoring on the other have raised a number of questions that have not as yet been discussed. These are the questions that will be addressed in particular in this anthology: Which challenges confront mentoring programmes at present? To what extent do existing mentoring programmes need to be adapted or developed further? What is needed to open up the mentoring programmes established as measures to advance women to other diversity groups as well? What potential does the development of mentoring in a sponsorship direction hold? Can mentoring programmes which have proved their worth in the university sector be transferred to the non-university sector? (author's abstract)
Inhalt: Since the turn of the century, the topic of gender equality in science and research has been intensively discussed. Accordingly, a broad range of literature, pilot projects and empirical evidence is available which deals with gender inequalities in this area. This provides the starting point for the discussion on gender within responsible research and innovation (RRI) and the development of indicators for the gender dimension in RRI. Following the recent political and scientific discourse, gender equality is defined as a three-dimensional construct aiming at: · integration of women in all fields and at all levels in research and innovation (reduction of horizontal and vertical segregation); · structural change in research institutions in order to abolish structural barriers for women (e.g. through the implementation of comprehensive equality plans, quotas for women, transparent decision-making); · integration of gender in the content of research and innovation to ensure that women’s needs and interests are adequately addressed. The goal of the dimension report on gender equality is, therefore, to outline a first set of indicators that represents gender equality in this comprehensive sense and allows comparative analyses for EU countries over time based on a literature and data review. The first set of indicators developed for the dimension report covers all three of the above aspects, although they do differ in terms of accuracy with regard to the underlying construct to be measured, comparability between EU Member States and availability in time series terms. The first dimension of gender equality, female participation, includes eight indicators and is, therefore, well represented – especially for the university sector. The situation for female researchers in the non-university sector is covered less comprehensively. The proposed indicators include the share of female researchers by sector and an estimation of how long it will take to achieve equality in gender participation in science and research based on recent trends in female participation. The dissimilarity index represents horizontal gender segregation. Vertical segregation is indicated by the glass ceiling index as well as the number of graduates and female academic staff by grade indicators. Women’s access to top management positions is covered by the share of female heads of research performing organisations (RPO). An additional indicator focuses on the project level and represents the gender composition of teams and management in EU funded projects. Although there have been numerous pilot projects and case studies which focus on the implementation of equality policies in research funding organisations (RFO) and research performing organisations, there is less information available for a representative analysis covering several countries. Furthermore, only selective information is available on the integration of gender in research content. This is also due to the fact that administrative data do not yet by default consider gender aspects. However, recent initiatives by the Helsinki Group and the development of a monitoring system for European Research Area (ERA) goals have initiated progress in this respect.
Schlagwörter:data analysis; Datenauswertung; Datenquellen; Europäischer Forschungsraum; Gleichstellung in der EU; indicators; Indikatoren; Monitoring
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Statistik und statistische Daten