Special Eurobarometer 428: Gender Equality - Report
Autor/in:
European Commission
Quelle: European Commission; European Union, 2015. 229 S
Inhalt: This Eurobarometer Survey seeks to measure Europeans' perceptions of gender inequalities within their own country: how widespread inequalities between women and men are, and whether the situation has improved or worsened compared with ten years ago; whether men or women are more likely to experience such discrimination among particular groups of people (young, old, people with disabilities, migrants, single parents, and working parents with young children); and the areas of life (e.g. work, school, media, politics) where gender stereotypes are deemed to be most prevalent. It also examines Europeans’ general attitudes towards gender equality and, more specifically, the role of women in the workplace and the role of men at home. In terms of tackling gender inequalities, the survey provides measures on Europeans’ opinions on which organisations have contributed most over the last ten years; whether this should be an EU priority; which areas should be dealt with most urgently; and what measures are considered to be the most effective at increasing the number of women in the workplace, and increasing the amount of time men spend on home care activities. Finally, the survey explores the issue of violence against women – what Europeans think this encompasses and which specific forms of such violence the EU should focus its efforts on.
Schlagwörter:gender roles; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt; Stereotyp; Survey; Umfrage; violence against women
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Inhalt: This study is one of the first to provide an empirical assessment of questions such as "How extensive is nonconsensual sexual contact?" and "Who is a victim?" across a wide range of IHEs. Prior studies of campus sexual assault and misconduct have been implemented for a small number of IHEs or for a national sample of students with relatively small samples for any particular IHE. To date, comparisons across surveys have been problematic because of different methodologies and different definitions. The AAU study is one of the first to implement a uniform methodology across multiple IHEs and to produce statistically reliable estimates for each IHE. It was designed to provide separate estimates for incidents involving two types of sexual contact (penetration and sexual touching) and four tactics (physical force, drugs and alcohol, coercion, absence of affirmative consent), as well as behaviors such as sexual harassment, stalking, and intimate partner violence. Providing this level of detail allows campus administrators to tailor policies by these very different types of sexual assault and misconduct.
Schlagwörter:campus; sexual harassment; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung; sexuelle Gewalt; stalking
Sexuelle Belästigung im Hochschulkontext - Schutzlücken und Empfehlungen
Autor/in:
Antidiskriminierungsstelle des Bundes
Quelle: Antidiskriminierungsstelle des Bundes; 2015. 58 S
Inhalt: Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt sind rechtswidrig. Dennoch kennt das deutsche Recht noch keine eindeutigen und transparenten Regelungen zum Schutz von Studierenden vor sexueller Belästigung durch Dozent_innen oder durch andere Studierende. Die Expertise stellt die Rechtslage im Bundes- und Landesrecht sowie im autonomen Recht der Hochschulen dar, gibt Einblick in die Praxis an deutschen Hochschulen und empfiehlt den Gesetzgebern und Hochschulen Maßnahmen für den wirksamen Schutz von Studierenden vor sexueller Belästigung an Hochschulen. Im Mittelpunkt steht dabei der Erlass von Hochschulrichtlinien, die zur Sensibilisierung und Prävention von sexueller Belästigung beitragen können.
Schlagwörter:AGG; Hochschulen; legal framework; Prävention; sexual assault; Sexual Harassment; Studierende
CEWS Kategorie:Gleichstellungspolitik, Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 46, S 1-13
Inhalt: Women workers are found in certain activities traditionally falling within the male domain. This is particularly the case for landless women who largely belong to the hardcore poor group. It indicates growing economic pressure and erosion of familial support and traditional beliefs and norms regarding women's outside work. With the Bangladesh economy’s heavy dependence on imports Chittagong has traditionally played a very important role in the trading sectors and industrial centre of the country and also commercial capital of Bangladesh which is going through a massive phase of construction of new structures. The study employed triangulation method as a research strategy. The objective of the study is to know the reasons of internal migrations and conditions of female construction workers of Chittagong city. A good number of rural women are involved at urban construction work in Chittagong city where they faces different harmful condition like as long working hour, less salary, lack of women rights, sexual harassment, food expenditure, low health condition, hard working etc. From this rational discussion this papers examine internal migration and the condition of migrant female construction works in Chittagong city.
Schlagwörter:Bangladesch; Bangladesh; Binnenwanderung; internal migration; Migration; migration; Baugewerbe; construction industry; Arbeiter; worker; woman; Arbeitsbedingungen; working conditions; Stadt; town; Einkommen; income; Arbeitszeit; working hours; sexuelle Belästigung; sexual harassment; Menschenrechte; human rights; Armut; poverty
CEWS Kategorie:Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Arbeitswelt, soziale Probleme
Zwischen Zuschreibungen und Selbstinszenierung : Konstruktionen von Geschlechteridealen und -hierarchien unter Studierenden der Universität Dar es Salaam
Autor/in:
Lehmann, Annika
Quelle: Berlin: Weißensee-Verlag (Berliner Beiträge zur Ethnologie, 37), 2015, 1. Aufl. 120 S
Inhalt: In dieser Arbeit werden die komplexen Aushandlungsprozesse von Geschlechterrollen im universitären Kontext an der Universität Dar es Salaam in Tansania untersucht. Hierbei werden nicht nur geschlechtsspezifische Selbstinszenierungen von „Männlichkeit“ und „Weiblichkeit“ unter Studierenden im universitären Alltagsgeschehen analysiert, sondern auch am Campus vorherrschende Diskurse über Familie, Sexualität, Religion sowie Kleidungs- und Körperstilen im Kontext existierender (Ideal ) Vorstellungen von Geschlechterrollen betrachtet. Dabei wird der Frage nachgegangen, wie diese Diskurse die alltäglichen Interaktionen zwischen Studierenden, u.a. in Lehrveranstaltungen, prägen. Im abschließenden Teil der Arbeit erfolgt eine Betrachtung der Auswirkungen der analysierten Geschlechterideale im Kontext der sensiblen Thematik von sexual harassment an der Universität. Es wird herausgearbeitet, dass Studentinnen einen stetigen Balanceakt im Universitätsalltag vollbringen müssen. Zwar erhalten sie eher soziale Anerkennung über ein attraktives Erscheinungsbild als über gute Noten, jedoch erhöhen schlechte Noten und ein „weibliches“ Auftreten das Risiko sexueller Belästigung. Inhaltlich werden die vielfältigen Aushandlungsprozesse von Geschlechterrollen unter Studierenden an der Universität Dar es Salaam in Tansania untersucht. Hierbei wird betrachtet, wie sich Studierende im Kontext existierender (Ideal-)Vorstellungen von „Männlichkeit“ und „Weiblichkeit“ im universitären Alltag selbst inszenieren. (HRK / Abstract übernommen)
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis, Studium und Studierende, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Guidance to prevent and respond to gender based violence on campus
Herausgeber/in:
University of London SOAS; Equality and Diversity Office
Quelle: University of London SOAS; , 2015.
Inhalt: The guidance outlines initiatives intended to reduce the likelihood of incidents occurring on campus by raising awareness amongst students and staff. It also sets out practical steps for the victims of gender based violence and those people supporting them. The guidance also provides information on what to do if you have been subject to gender based violence, how to seek emergency assistance and deciding what to do next. It also outlines how to support victims of gender based violence, including advice on preservation of forensic evidence, support for international students who are more likely to be away from their support networks, and reporting to the police.
Schlagwörter:Gewalt; Gewalt gegen Frauen; Intervention; sexual bullying; sexual harassment; sexual violence; sexuelle Belästigung
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Quelle: Cyberpsychology, Behavior, and Social Networking, 18 (2015) 4, S 197-202
Inhalt: From the oversexualized characters in fighting games, such as Dead or Alive or Ninja Gaiden, to the overuse of the damsel in distress trope in popular titles, such as the Super Mario series, the under- and misrepresentation of females in video games has been well documented in several content analyses. Cultivation theory suggests that long-term exposure to media content can affect perceptions of social realities in a way that they become more similar to the representations in the media and, in turn, impact one's beliefs and attitudes. Previous studies on video games and cultivation have often been cross-sectional or experimental, and the limited longitudinal work in this area has only considered time intervals of up to 1 month. Additionally, previous work in this area has focused on the effects of violent content and relied on self-selected or convenience samples composed mostly of adolescents or college students. Enlisting a 3 year longitudinal design, the present study assessed the relationship between video game use and sexist attitudes, using data from a representative sample of German players aged 14 and older (N=824). Controlling for age and education, it was found that sexist attitudes—measured with a brief scale assessing beliefs about gender roles in society—were not related to the amount of daily video game use or preference for specific genres for both female and male players. Implications for research on sexism in video games and cultivation effects of video games in general are discussed.
Schlagwörter:Längsschnittuntersuchung; longitudinal study; Computerspiel; computer game; Sexismus; sexism; Cultivation Theory; cultivation theory; Federal Republic of Germany; Jugendlicher; adolescent; junger Erwachsener; young adult; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Messung; measurement; Einstellung; attitude; CATI; computer-assisted telephone interview; soziale Wirklichkeit; social reality; sexuelle Belästigung; sexual harassment; Wirkungsanalyse; impact analysis; Beeinflussbarkeit; influenceability
CEWS Kategorie:Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Quelle: Die Hochschule: Journal für Wissenschaft und Bildung, 24 (2015) 2, S 115–128
Inhalt: Das Thema sexuelle Gewalt gegen Studentinnen
und Studenten an Universitäten
und die Frage, ob und wie die Hochschulen
darauf reagieren, findet zunehmend
auch in Deutschland Beachtung,
nachdem es in den USA bereits seit vielen
Jahren im Fokus steht. Hierzulande
wird gefragt, ob solche amerikanischen
Verhältnisse sowohl den Skandal der Übergriffe als auch die Reaktionen
der Hochschulen deutlich auf hiesige Verhältnisse zu übertragen sind.
Deutsche Hochschulen agieren ambivalent: Zum einen verzichtet
kaum eine auf formale universitäre Richtlinien gegen sexuelle Belästigung
und Gewalt am Campus, zum anderen wird der Thematik keine hohe
Priorität gegeben, da ein eher geringer Handlungsbedarf vermutet
wird. Das ist den Hochschulen auch kaum vorzuwerfen: Die Mitteilungsrate
ist gering; ein Aufschrei hinsichtlich eines täglichen Sexismus gerade
an Hochschulen durch Betroffene ist fast nicht zu hören, und die Gesetzgebung
ist weit davon entfernt, das soziale Miteinander der scientific
community im föderalen Hochschulbildungssystem zu reglementieren.
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Sexism At The Centre : Locating The Problem Of Sexual Harassment
Autor/in:
Whitley, Leila; Page, Tiffany
Quelle: New Formations, 86 (2015) , S 34–53
Inhalt: In this article we discuss the sexual harassment that occurs within academic institutions between academic staff and students. Our interest is in analysing the ways that sexism and sexual harassment are enabled and sustained in the university environment. In particular, we are interested in interrogating the power that occurs in these relationships, and how the nature of this relation makes it difficult for students to name and refuse the harassment that occurs. We argue that sexism conceals itself through its continual movement, and that sexual harassment is perpetuated within universities through tactics that relocate the problem away from the individual and the institution. In this way, sexual harassment disappears: the problem never appears as a problem of sexual harassment. Instead, it appears as a number of other shifting problems which include the problem of the women who complain and the harm caused to academic reputations. The slipperiness of sexism means it comes to be re-circulated through social and institutional structures that keep sexual harassers in place, because sexism and sexual harassment appear always out of reach. Mechanisms within the institution set up to address sexual harassment work not only to distance the institution from responsibility for the harassment, but also to hide the harassment even in the moment when women and their allies are insistently working to try to make it appear.
Neoliberalisation and ‘Lad Cultures’ in Higher Education
Autor/in:
Phipps, Alison; Young, Isabel
Quelle: Sociology, 49 (2015) 2, S 305–322
Inhalt: This article links HE neoliberalisation and ‘lad cultures’, drawing on interviews and focus groups with women students. We argue that retro-sexist ‘laddish’ forms of masculine competitiveness and misogyny have been reshaped by neoliberal rationalities to become modes of consumerist sexualised audit. We also suggest that neoliberal frameworks scaffold an individualistic and adversarial culture amongst young people that interacts with perceived threats to men’s privilege and intensifies attempts to put women in their place through misogyny and sexual harassment. Furthermore, ‘lad cultures’, sexism and sexual harassment in higher education may be rendered invisible by institutions to preserve marketability in a neoliberal context. In response, we ask if we might foster dialogue and partnership between feminist and anti-marketisation politics.
Schlagwörter:culture; higher education; Marketing; neoliberal university; sexism; sexual harassment; sexuality; UK
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Studium und Studierende, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt