Karrieren von Frauen in Unternehmen - Chancen
erhöhen mit der Gender-und-Diversity-Strategie
Titelübersetzung:Female careers in businesses - increasing opportunities by adopting a gender and diversity strategy
Autor/in:
Macha, Hildegard
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 6 (2014) 3, S 43-60
Inhalt: "Dieser Beitrag zeigt, mit welchen Effekten zu rechnen ist, wenn in Unternehmen mit der Gender-und-Diversity-Strategie ein Bewusstseinsprozess durch Weiterbildungstrainings zugunsten von Frauenkarrieren erreicht werden soll. Auf der Basis fundamentaler Ergebnisse der Genderforschung werden EntscheidungsträgerInnen in Unternehmen darin geschult und beraten, langfristig zu einem Abbau hierarchischer Geschlechterverhältnisse beizutragen. Aufbauend auf theoretischen Grundlagen der Genderforschung werden hierfür ein pädagogisches Interventions- und ein Evaluationsdesign entwickelt, in der Praxis mit 20 Klein- und Mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU) umgesetzt und mit wissenschaftlicher Evaluation auf seine Wirksamkeit hin überprüft. Die Datenanalyse belegt, wie die Gender-und-Diversity-Strategie in der unternehmerischen Praxis zu einem Prozess des organisationalen Lernens führt, der Karrieren von Frauen besser zu fördern erlaubt und insgesamt zu mehr Geschlechtergerechtigkeit führt. Der methodische Zusammenhang zwischen Theorie, Intervention und Evaluation wird bestätigt." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "This article shows the possible effects of the gender and diversity strategy in businesses through trainings on the awareness-raising for female careers. Based on fundamental gender research results, decision-makers in businesses are trained in and advised on how to contribute to ending gender hierarchies in the long term. Drawing on fundamental theoretical principles of gender research, various pedagogical interventions in 20 small and medium-sized enterprises were conducted by means of specific pedagogical intervention and evaluation designs. The steps and measures were all evaluated accordingly. Data analysis demonstrates how the gender and diversity strategy leads to a process of organizational learning in businesses which helps to better promote female careers and leads to more gender equality. The article confirms the methodological connections between theory, intervention and evaluation." (author's abstract)
Inhalt: "Im Mittelpunkt des Artikels steht die Fragestellung, welche Verbindungen zwischen einer Weiblichen Kultur und der Krise um 1900 bestehen. Diese markante Zeitenwende konfrontierte den Einzelnen im Deutschen Kaiserreich mit einer Gesellschaft, die sich im Umbruch von der Agrar- zur Industrienation befand. Das Soziale und Kulturelle wurde in den Sog des Wandels gezogen. Die Zeitgenossen nahmen diese Umwälzung als eine tiefe Krise wahr. Das Geschlechterverhältnis war in einer Form von den Wandlungen betroffen, dass es zu den am meisten diskutierten Themen der Jahrhundertwende zählte. Krise, Kultur und Geschlecht überlagerten sich in den zeitgenössischen Auseinandersetzungen. An den drei verschiedenen Ideen einer Weiblichen Kultur von Georg Simmel, Marianne Weber und Benedict Friedlaender soll nachgezeichnet werden, wie sich die Verquickungen von Krise, Kultur und Geschlecht vollzogen und welche Rolle dem Weiblichen bei der Bewältigung der Krise von den drei AutorInnen zugeschrieben wurde." (Autorenreferat)
Social class, gender and the pace of academic life: What kind of solution is slow?
Titelübersetzung:Soziale Klasse, Gender und die Geschwindigkeit des akademischen Lebens: Welche Lösung bringt Entschleunigung?
Autor/in:
Mendick, Heather
Quelle: Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung / Forum: Qualitative Social Research, 15 (2014) 3, 16 S
Inhalt: "Ausgangspunkt meines Beitrages ist die wachsende Geschwindigkeit des akademischen Lebens. Wie auch aus den anderen Beiträgen deutlich wird, die diesem Themenschwerpunkt zugehören, gewinnt die Entschleunigungs-Bewegung, die sich der zeitgenössischen Geschwindigkeitsobsession entgegenstellt, auch in der Universität zunehmend an Bedeutung. Mit meinem Artikel schlage ich vor, innezuhalten und genauer anzusehen, welche Lösung Entschleunigung für die aktuelle Krise erbringt. Rückgreifend auf (auto-) biografisches Material und auf Beispiele der Populärkultur versuche ich zu zeigen, dass in der Entschleunigungs-Bewegung Klassen- und Genderdynamiken wirksam bleiben und dass auch ältere Inklusions- und Exklusionsmuster reproduziert werden. Im Besonderen werden spezifische Selbstkonzepte naturalisiert, in deren Zentrum ein individualistisches Selbst steht, das sich für die Zukunft plant und investiert." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "My starting point for this article is the increasing pace of academic life. As the other articles in this special section evidence, the Slow movement, which seeks to challenge our contemporary obsession with speed, is being taken up by many in order to intervene into 'fast academia'. However, in this article, I suggest we should pause and question what kind of a solution this offers to the current crisis of speed. Working auto/biographically and using examples drawn from popular culture, I argue that Slow is both classed and gendered, re/producing wider patterns of inclusion and exclusion. Specifically, I suggest that Slow naturalises a particular relationship to self which requires not just stability of employment but an individualist way of being, constituting selves that calculate and invest in them-selves for the future." (author's abstract)
Age and sex effects in anchoring vignette studies: methodological and empirical contributions
Titelübersetzung:Alters- und Geschlechtseffekte bei "anchoring vignette"-Studien: methodologische und empirische Beiträge
Autor/in:
Grol-Prokopczyk, Hanna
Quelle: Survey Research Methods, 8 (2014) 1, S 1-17
Inhalt: "Anchoring vignettes are an increasingly popular tool for identifying and correcting for group differences in use of subjective ordered response categories. However, existing techniques to maximize response consistency (use of the same standards for self-ratings as for vignette-ratings), which center on matching vignette characters' demographic characteristics to respondents' own characteristics, appear at times to be ineffective or to pose interpretive difficulties. Specifically, respondents often appear to neglect instructions to treat vignette characters as age peers. Furthermore, when vignette characters' sex is matched to respondents' sex, interpretation of sex differences in rating style is rendered problematic. This study applies two experimental manipulations to a national American sample (n=1,765) to clarify best practices for enhancing response consistency. First, an analysis of two methods of highlighting vignette characters' age suggests that both yield better response consistency than previous, less prominent means. Second, a comparison of ratings of same- and opposite-sex vignette characters suggests that, with avoidable exceptions, the sex of the respondent rather than of the vignette character drives observed sex differences in rating style. Implications for interpretation and design of anchoring vignette studies are discussed. Findings also show significant sex, educational, and racial/ethnic differences in styles of rating health, and racial/ethnic differences in styles of rating political efficacy. These findings underscore the incomparability of unadjusted subjective self-ratings across demographic groups." (publisher's description)
Meanings and motives before measures: the "what" and "why" of diversity within the mossos d'esquadra and the politie Utrecht
Autor/in:
Ewijk, Anne R. van
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 2 (2014) 3, S 60-74
Inhalt: This article proposes the definition of and motivation for diversity (policy) as an important research topic that should be studied before focusing on diversity policy measures. As such, it strives to demonstrate the academic potential of an analytical framework that outlines fundamental choices made in these respects. What types of diversity do organizations focus on? And what do they want to achieve with (increased) diversity? In this article the discourses underlying the diversity policies in two regional European police forces -the Mossos d'Esquadra and the Politie Utrecht- are analyzed. The main observation is that the results are surprisingly similar in spite of contextual factors that may lead observers to expect otherwise: they both focus on gender and migrant background, identifying these types of diversity as collective in nature, while striving for equal opportunities for individuals despite these collective differences. This article also explores possibilities for further theory building by formulating possible explanations for the similarities and differences which have been identified, suggesting a possible hierarchy in diversity within European organizations, and describing how the motivation for diversity might influence the effectiveness of diversity policies.
How gender conscious pedagogy in higher education can stimulate actions of social justice in society
Autor/in:
Witt, Ann-Katrin; Cuesta, Marta
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 2 (2014) 1, S 12-23
Inhalt: In order to reflect about methods that can generate social justice and democratization, this article emphasises on practical implementations, connected to gender conscious pedagogy. Gender conscious pedagogy aims at overcoming the myth of objectivity, and by questioning through teaching what is considered as common sense and "normal". This entails acting and reflecting on breakthroughs, for example about an understanding of how gender codes influence everyday instances as well as working life. The collected data is based on narratives from alumni students who were asked to memorise and reflect on their gender studies and particularly about how useful this type of knowledge is in connection with everyday and working life - as politician, lecturer, IT-manager, doctoral student etc. The aim of this article is to focus on how teachers support students to be gender confident and as a consequence of that, becoming gender actors outside the university, in working life. Some central questions are: how are gender issues represented and integrated in the different areas of studies; what can teachers do in order to generate equality in the classroom; in what way and how are students given possibilities of understanding, internalizing and discussing gender issues.
Schlagwörter:Bildung; gender studies; gender; pedagogics; Gleichstellung; education; Arbeitswelt; Demokratie; Gender; social justice; democracy; Geschlechterforschung; Pädagogik; soziale Gerechtigkeit; affirmative action; world of work
SSOAR Kategorie:Makroebene des Bildungswesens, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Being a woman and having an injured body: a study of social representations
Autor/in:
Alves, Raiana Marinho; Carvalho, Evanilda Souza de Santana; Oliveira, Jeane Freitas de; Araújo, Edna Maria de
Quelle: Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 6 (2014) 4, S 1513-1524
Inhalt: Objective: To discuss the social representations of women with chronic wounds about being a woman and having a body injured and the implications of these representations on social relations. Methods: Qualitative research with women with chronic wounds, attended at health units in Bahia who answered the interview in depth and draft-story theme. The data were submitted to thematic content analysis. Results: Representations about being a woman and having a wounded body are centered on ideas and experiences that reveal stigma, pain, sadness, loneliness, irritation, dependence, and the need to approach God. Conclusion: The representations of the participants interfere in the way of dressing, of relating to oneself and to the people in their surroundings implying in isolation and solitude. Representations reproduce stigmas about body image that do not meet socially and culturally determined beauty and health criteria.
Schlagwörter:woman; Schönheit; beauty; Körperbild; body image; Identität; identity; gender; Gesundheit; health; chronische Krankheit; chronic illness; Krankenpflege; nursing; Pflege; caregiving; soziale Isolation; social isolation; Einsamkeit; solitude; psychische Faktoren; psychological factors; Brasilien; Brazil; Lateinamerika; Latin America; Südamerika; South America
SSOAR Kategorie:Medizinsoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Studying tensions between imaginary spaces and concrete places: the method of paired biographies applied to scientists' laboratory lives
Titelübersetzung:Spannungen zwischen imaginativen Räumen und konkreten Orten: die Methode der 'gepaarten Biographie', angewandt auf das Leben von Wissenschaftlern in Laboren
Autor/in:
Mallard, Gregoire
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 39 (2014) 2, S 115-136
Inhalt: Spaces and places are at the center of the science studies scholarship. Some scholars focus on the spatial circulation of written traces; others focus on the socio-cultural hierarchies reflected in the spatial organization of the laboratories. But most privilege single-case studies as their research method. While single-case studies offer the advantage of providing rich and detailed ethnographic description of spaces, they often fail to explain how imaginary spaces of science are turned into concrete social settings, often with unexpected deviations from their creators’ initial purposes. This paper argues that a comparative approach, which I call “paired biographies,” can help us study the tensions between imaginary and real spaces of science. This method of paired biographies is applied here to trace the attempts (both failed and successful) by two prominent physicists (J.R. Oppenheimer and E.O. Lawrence) to turn their imaginary scientific spaces into concrete places. This comparative approach, based upon paired biographies of various laboratory lives taken at different points in time, highlights the tensions between imaginary spaces of science and concrete architectural forms (themselves located in broader environments), and shows which unexpected outcomes derive from these tensions.
