Employment and education-occupation mismatches of immigrants and their children in the netherlands: comparisons with the native majority group
Autor/in:
Khoudja, Yassine
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 6 (2018) 3, S 119-141
Inhalt: This study examines the labor market integration of immigrants and their children in the Netherlands focusing on employment and over- and underqualification. Using data from the first wave of the Netherlands Longitudinal Life-Course Study (NELLS), the analysis shows disadvantages in employment probabilities for men and women from different foreign origin groups compared to the Dutch majority even after accounting for differences in human capital. Ethnic differences in employment probabilities are lower, but still visible, when comparing only respondents who obtained post-secondary education in the Netherlands. Further, first-generation immigrant men from Turkey and Morocco are at higher risk of being overeducated than Dutch majority men whereas this is not the case for second generation men and first- and secondgeneration minority women. Substantial ethnic difference in the likelihood of being undereducated are not prevalent. Having a foreign compared to a Dutch degree is related to lower labor market outcomes, but this negative relation is more pronounced for women than for men. Finally, there is some indication that overeducation is somewhat less common in the public sector than in the private sector, but minorities do not benefit more from this than the Dutch majority.
Schlagwörter:Niederlande; Netherlands; Einwanderung; immigration; Migrant; migrant; Integration; integration; Bildungsniveau; level of education; Qualifikationsniveau; level of qualification; Überqualifikation; over qualification; öffentlicher Sektor; public sector; Ethnizität; ethnicity; Erwerbsarbeit; gainful work; Humankapital; human capital; Mann; man; woman; erste Generation; first generation; zweite Generation; second generation
"Minderjährig", "männlich" - "stark"? Bedeutungsaushandlungen der Selbst- und Fremdzuschreibung junger Geflüchteter in Malta: eine intersektionelle Leseweise ethnografischer Forschungsausschnitte
Titelübersetzung:"Underage", "male" - "strong"? Negotiations between self-attribution and attributions by others among young refugees in Malta: an intersectional way of reading ethnographic descriptions
Autor/in:
Otto, Laura; Kaufmann, Margrit E.
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 10 (2018) 2, S 63-78
Inhalt: Der Beitrag zeigt, inwiefern männliche* junge Geflüchtete in Malta entlang sozial konstruierter Kategorien eingeteilt, markiert und repräsentiert werden. Dafür wird eine intersektionelle Leseweise, orientiert an den Critical Diversity Studies, für ethnografische Forschungsausschnitte erarbeitet. Deutlich wird, wie gesellschaftliche Normalitätsvorstellungen in Interaktionen zwischen geflüchteten und nicht-geflüchteten Akteur*innen wirkmächtig bzw. (re)produziert werden. Herausgestellt werden demgegenüber Uneindeutigkeiten und Praktiken der Differenzproduktion, die aus normativen/kategorialen Rahmensetzungen herausfallen.
Inhalt: The article shows to what extent young male* refugees in Malta are marked, represented and grouped along socially constructed categories. We develop an intersectional way of reading ethnographic descriptions based on critical diversity studies. We illustrate how normative notions of these categories become efficacious in interactions between refugee and non-refugee actors. Based on this analysis, assumed, normalized clarities are not re-pro-duced, but ambiguities as well as the practices of producing differences beyond the legal framework are analyzed.
Quelle: Advances in Complex Systems, 21 (2018) 3-4, S 1-23
Inhalt: Scientific collaborations shape ideas as well as innovations and are both the substrate for, and the outcome of, academic careers. Recent studies show that gender inequality is still present in many scientific practices ranging from hiring to peer-review processes and grant applications. In this work, we investigate gender-specific differences in collaboration patterns of more than one million computer scientists over the course of 47 years. We explore how these patterns change over years and career ages and how they impact scientific success. Our results highlight that successful male and female scientists reveal the same collaboration patterns: compared to scientists in the same career age, they tend to collaborate with more colleagues than other scientists, seek innovations as brokers and establish longer-lasting and more repetitive collaborations. However, women are on average less likely to adopt the collaboration patterns that are related with success, more likely to embed into ego networks devoid of structural holes, and they exhibit stronger gender homophily as well as a consistently higher dropout rate than men in all career ages.