The gender-based violence as an instrument of warfare in armed conflicts
Autor/in:
Adeyanju, Collins G.
Quelle: Journal of Liberty and International Affairs, 6 (2020) 2, S 57-70
Inhalt: The gender-based violence in recent times has become an integral part of the on-going Boko Haram Insurgency in North-East Nigeria. Since the full-scale declaration of combat between the Nigerian state and the insurgent group, the asymmetrical tactics of the group have been evolving, based on its capabilities. The recent spike in the targeted raid and attack on female schools, markets, and female institutions purposely for abduction and kidnapping of women and girls indicated this assertion. Due to the depletion of its fighters and loss of territories, there is a surge in mass deployment of ‘women and young girls’ as material instruments of warfare: fighters, suicide bombers, human shields, bargaining tools, sex slaves, informants, and so on. This article appraises the gender push-pull factors responsible, motivation behind the current behavior, and proffers some policy guidance.
COVID-19 und die UN Women, Peace and Security Agenda
Autor/in:
Stachowitsch, Saskia; Bergmann, Astrid
Quelle: Österreichisches Institut für Internationale Politik (oiip); Wien (Kurzanalyse / Österreichisches Institut für Internationale Politik, 3), 2020. 10 S
Inhalt: In diesem Papier reflektieren wir die Auswirkungen der COVID-19-Krise auf die UN Women, Peace and Security (WPS) Agenda und diskutieren die Impulse, welche die Agenda für eine geschlechtersensible Krisenbearbeitung liefern kann. Aufgrund der Pandemie kommt es zu einer allgemeinen Verstärkung von Geschlechterungleichheiten, die sich insbesondere in ungleicher Arbeitsteilung und einem Anstieg geschlechtsspezifischer Gewalt ausdrückt. In Krisen- und Konfliktgebieten führt dies zur weiteren Verstärkung geschlechtsspezifischer Vulnerabilität und zum Ausschluss von Frauen sowohl aus der Konfliktbearbeitung als auch aus der COVID-19-Krisenbewältigung. Die Erreichung der WPS-Ziele ist dadurch erschwert. Gleichzeitig könnte die im Rahmen von WPS aufgebaute Expertise und ihr zentraler Ansatz der menschlichen Sicherheit die effektive Bewältigung der Pandemie unterstützen. Hierfür ist die Integration von Frauen in alle Mechanismen und Institutionen entscheidend, die der Bekämpfung des Virus und der Überwindung seiner Folgen dienen. WPS legt insbesondere die Unterstützung lokaler zivilgesellschaftlicher Kräfte, besonders von Frauennetzwerken und - Organisationen, nahe. Schließlich gilt es im Sinne von WPS, friedenspolitische Ansätze, wie Forderungen nach einem Pandemiebedingten globalen Waffenstillstand, um Gleichstellungsforderungen zu ergänzen.
Religious Discourse and Gender Security in Southern Thailand
Autor/in:
Marddent, Amporn
Quelle: ASEAS - Austrian Journal of South-East Asian Studies, 12 (2019) 2, S 225-247
Inhalt: This article describes the complexity of applying human security through the notion of gender equality in southern Thailand where violent conflict has been prevalent for nearly half a century in a Malay-Muslim-dominated society. It explores how the concepts of gender and security have been interpreted in Malay-Muslim leaders’ outlooks. To define security more broadly, the article surveys the various notions of peacebuilding dealing with comprehensive human security and any security threat, thus not limited to state of war or physical violence only. In the prolonged armed violence and conflict, like that faced in Thailand’s Deep South, women’s security and their role in peacebuilding emerge as pertinent concerns. The discontinuities within the narratives of women and security highlight a divergence connected to personal-political imaginations of conflict whereby subtle variations in violent conflict can be seen as the products of different policy prescriptions, local cultural norms, and the project outcomes of women groups supported by governmental organizations and national and international donors. Thus, in order to reflect upon how contemporary security notions are framed, gendered security perceptions ought to be considered as they signify the exercise of peacebuilding programs in the local context. Persistent advocacy of gender equality is about cultural change, which eventually becomes a modality for non-violent society.
Schlagwörter:Thailand; Thailand; Kulturwandel; cultural change; menschliche Sicherheit; human security; Gender; gender; Gleichheit; equality; gender-specific factors; politischer Konflikt; political conflict; Gewalt; violence; Friedenssicherung; peacekeeping; religiöser Konflikt; religious conflict; Islam; Islam; Deep South of Thailand; Gender Security; Malay-Muslim Women; Peacebuilding
SSOAR Kategorie:Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Sicherheitspolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Masculinities in Peacekeeping: Limits and transformations of UNSCR 1325 in the South African National Defence Force
Autor/in:
Fröhlich, Marieke
Quelle: Hessische Stiftung Friedens- und Konfliktforschung; Frankfurt am Main (PRIF Reports, 7), 2019. 31 S
Inhalt: This report takes a closer look by investigating the ways that UNSCR 1325 has been conceptualized and put into practice in the South African National Defence Force. South Africa is deploying a relatively high proportion of female peacekeepers, but shortcomings of UNSCR 1325, specifically related to gender essentialisms, have affected discourses within the armed forces. While this has led to contradictions and contestations concerning sameness and difference among male and female peacekeepers, the study also reveals a critical engagement with military peacekeeper masculinities, pointing towards a surpassing of the limited premise of UNSCR 1325.
Schlagwörter:Friedenssicherung; peacekeeping; Männlichkeit; masculinity; UNO-Sicherheitsrat; UN Security Council; Republik Südafrika; Republic of South Africa; woman; gender-specific factors; Friedenstruppe; peacekeeping troops; Militär; military
SSOAR Kategorie:Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Sicherheitspolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Social Media, Gender and the Mediatisation of War: Exploring the German Armed Forces’ Visual Representation of the Afghanistan Operation on Facebook
Autor/in:
Shim, David; Stengel, Frank A.
Quelle: Global Discourse, (2017) , 31 S
Inhalt: Studies on the mediatisation of war point to attempts of governments to regulate the visual perspective of their involvements in armed conflict – the most notable example being the practice of ‘embedded reporting’ in Iraq and Afghanistan. This paper focuses on a different strategy of visual meaning-making, namely, the publication of images on social media by armed forces themselves. Specifically, we argue that the mediatisation of war literature could profit from an increased engagement with feminist research, both within Critical Security/Critical Military Studies and within Science and Technology Studies that highlight the close connection between masculinity, technology and control. The article examines the German military mission in Afghanistan as represented on the German armed forces’ official Facebook page. Germany constitutes an interesting, and largely neglected, case for the growing literature on the mediatisation of war: its strong antimilitarist political culture makes the representation of war particularly delicate. The paper examines specific representational patterns of Germany’s involvement in Afghanistan and discusses the implications which arise from what is placed inside the frame of visibility and what remains out of its view.
Schlagwörter:Soziale Medien; social media; Federal Republic of Germany; Bundeswehr; Federal Armed Forces; Afghanistan; Afghanistan; Mediatisierung; mediatization; Krieg; war; Facebook; facebook; öffentliche Meinung; public opinion; Meinungsbildung; opinion formation; Männlichkeit; masculinity; Weiblichkeit; femininity; gender-specific factors; Legitimation; legitimation; soziale Konstruktion; social construction; gender; Technik; engineering; Militär; military
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, interaktive, elektronische Medien, Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Sicherheitspolitik
Titelübersetzung:Politikwissenschaft, Terrorismus und Gender
Autor/in:
Herschinger, Eva
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 39 (2014) 3, S 46-66
Inhalt: This contribution aims to give an overview on the state of the art of research on terrorism and gender in the field of Political Science and International Relations (IR). Contemporary analyses of terrorism have begun integrating gender aspects into their frameworks. This article supports the call for a much more coherent use of gender as an analytical category as this is beneficial for the analysis of ter-rorism in a threefold manner. First, gender as an analytical category in the study of terrorism exposes the gender blindness of the term terrorism; second, gender challenges the political myth of protection central to international politics, i.e. that states can legitimately fight wars to protect the vulnerable – vulgo women and children. Third, gender also challenges the myth of an intrinsic peacefulness/vulnerability of women. The paper closes with the plea to integrate a coherent historical dimension into a gendered analysis of terrorism in order to potentially achieve a more empirically attuned theoretical understanding of terrorism and political violence in current times.
Schlagwörter:international relations; gender; Stereotyp; victim; Opfer; violence; stereotype; Gewalt; woman; political violence; Täter; internationale Beziehungen; gender-specific factors; terrorism; politische Gewalt; Terrorismus; political science; Politikwissenschaft; offender
SSOAR Kategorie:Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Sicherheitspolitik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialgeschichte, historische Sozialforschung
Frauen als Akteurinnen in Friedensprozessen: Begleitstudie zum Werkstattgespräch "Frauen und bewaffnete Konflikte" anlässlich des 10. Jahrestages der UN-Resolution 1325; Veranstaltung des Bundesministeriums für Familie, Senioren, Frauen und Jugend am 20.10.2010 in der Bundesakademie für Sicherheitspolitik Berlin
Autor/in:
Arloth, Jana; Seidensticker, Frauke Lisa
Quelle: Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte; Berlin (Studie / Deutsches Institut für Menschenrechte), 2011. 61 S
Inhalt: Die am 31. Oktober 2000 verabschiedete UN - Sicherheitsratsresolution 1325 zu „Frauen, Frieden und Sicherheit“ hat dazu
beigetragen, dass das Bewusstsein für die
Bedeutung einer Genderperspektive in Friedensprozessen gewachsen ist und anerkannt wird, dass Frauen in anderer Weise als Männer von Konflikten betroffen sind. Gender in bewaffneten Konflikten wurde durch SCR 1325 zu einem der wichtigen Themen der UN und der Europäischen Union (EU), da sie als
umfassende Resolution zur Rolle von Frauen
in friedensschaffenden Aktivitäten dazu beitragen soll, Genderperspektiven in Friedensoperationen zu integrieren. Der vorliegende Überblick über die Umsetzung von SCR 1325 soll dazu beizutragen, die Wichtigkeit ihrer Umsetzung zu verdeutlichen.(Autorenreferat)