Internet und Geschlechterordnung : Expertinnen im Gespräch
Titelübersetzung:Internet and gender order : women experts in discussion
Autor/in:
Dorer, Johanna
Quelle: Medien & Kommunikationswissenschaft, Jg. 49 (2001) Nr. 1, S. 44-61
Inhalt: "Obgleich der Frauenanteil im Internet rasant ansteigt bedeutet das noch keineswegs, dass damit auch der Geschlechterdualismus und seine hierarchischen Strukturen an Bedeutung verlieren würden. Sowohl mediale als auch gesellschaftliche Rahmenbedingungen geben einen Internet-Diskurs vor, der in seiner geschlechterbinären Codierung auf die Anwendungspraxis und die darin ausgedrückte Selbstpositionierung als männlich oder weiblich Einfluss hat. Interviews, die mit 23 Internet-Expertinnen in Österreich geführt wurden, zeigen dass es den Frauen im derzeit noch männlich dominierten Berufsfeld Internet nur sehr eingeschränkt gelingt, sich an der Neuformulierung von Geschlechtergrenzen zu beteiligen. Entgegen den Vorstellungen und Utopien von Cyberfeministinnen, Frauen könnten durch eine aktive Auseinandersetzung mit dem Internet Geschlechtergrenzen aufheben, verweist vorliegende qualitative Studie auf die subtil wirksamen Mechanismen und Praktiken der Geschlechterpositionierung und das alltägliche 'doing gender'." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "Although the percentage share of women using the Internet is rapidly rising this in no way means that the dualism of gender and its hierarchical structures are becoming less significant. The conditions of the media-related as well as societal frameworks create a setting for Internet discourse which, in its binary gender coding, exerts an influence on the application practice and the self-positioning as male or female that this reflects. Interviews conducted with 23 female Internet experts in Austria reveal that women are only able to participate in the reformulation of gender boundaries to a very limited extent in the still male-dominated occupational domain of the Internet. Contrary to the ideas and utopian notions of cyberfeminists, to the effect that women could eliminate gender boundaries through an active interaction with the Internet, this qualitative study points to the subtly effective mechanisms and practices of gender positioning and everyday 'doing gender'." (author's abstract)
The "pretty redhead" who changed science education
Autor/in:
Moore, Randy
Quelle: Journal of college science teaching, Vol. 31 (2001) No. 3, S. 194-196
Inhalt: "The article discusses the historical marginalization of women with claims that they
are neither fit for nor interested in careers in science; describes two cases of the
media depiction of a successful female scientist and a high school biology teacher
who was involved in the challenge to Arkansas' antievolution laws." (author's abstract)|
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 1
Inhalt: "What are some of the barriers to women's achievement in postsecondary settings, particularly
in math and science? How can educators support the development of females to ensure
that they reach their potential? Nonintellectual factors may improve the prediction
of academic success beyond intellectual dispositions, and yet the typical coed university
is still a chilly climate for women. What other issues are occurring in the social
context for female students? This article explores the "cycle" of women's experience
of learning, focusing on students in an introductory math course and on preservice
teachers. Implications for graduate women students are also considered." (author's
abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Effects of gender on engineering career commitment
Autor/in:
Barker, Anne M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 2, S. 125-152
Inhalt: "Engineering has been one of the most difficult fields for 'women to enter and in
which to succeed. Although the percentage of female engineers has Increased, women
are still seriously underrepresented in the workforce. This study examined the effect
offender on career commitment, success, satisfaction, and involvement in engineering,
and the effect of personality and work environment on these variables. Alumni from
an engineering school in the northeastern United States were surveyed. The questionnaire
was analyzed using statistical and descriptive methods to determine relationships
among these variables. Women's commitment scores were lower than men's when controlled
for other variables, including satisfaction and involvement. Men had longer tenure
as engineers than women, even when controlled for year of graduation, professional
engineering status, and number of children. Women did not leave engineering in different
proportions than men, but they did earn significantly less despite controlling for
year of graduation and number of hours worked weekly. Some gender differences in workplace
experience were also found, including having colleagues act protectively, being mistaken
for secretaries, and seeing men progress faster in their careers than equally qualified
women." (author's abstract)|
Gender at work within the software industry : an Indian perspective
Autor/in:
Arun, Shoba; Arun, T. G.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 3, S. 215-230
Inhalt: "Increasing globalization and the massive growth of the software Industry have created
new opportunities for a skilled workforce in developing countries such as India. This
study examines the impact of these changes on women's work in the state of Kerala,
India, where there are high claims for social development, especially for women. The
study indicates that although women tend to possess equal or better credentials than
men, the nature of the labor market often renders it difficult for women to progress
through their careers compared with men. The project-based, competitive nature of
software development reproduces a masculine culture, which further interacts with
the different career patterns of women and social norms and tends to disadvantage
women. Most significantly, the centrality of social norms and gender ideologies within
the workplace affects the Income and progression of women In the Internal labor market
to a large extent." (author's abstract)|
Schlagwörter:Chancengleichheit; Indien; Informatik; Südasien; Entwicklungsland; Asien
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Arbeitswelt und Arbeitsmarkt
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Feminist science in the case of a reform-minded biology department
Autor/in:
Buxton, Cory A.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 3, S. 173-198
Inhalt: "This study explores how science and scientists were produced and reproduced within
the setting of a university biology department. Building on recent work in the anthropology
of education and feminist science studies, the author explored the reflexive questions
of whether increased women's representation in science changed science practice and
whether changing science practice increased women's representation insolence. The
author examined both the contextual and constitutive values of science as they were
negotiated and played out in the training of scientists in this setting. The author
found some ways in which these values were shifting as more women assumed places of
leadership in the department. At the same time, the author identified other ways in
which the presence of women did not seem to cause the types of changes that feminist
science studies have hypothesized. These findings can be interpreted through the anthropological
perspective of practice theory, in which individuals are seen as exerting agency both
within and against institutional structures." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Moving women from school to work in science : curriculum demands, adult identities and life transitions
Autor/in:
Eisenhart, Margaret
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 3, S. 199-213
Inhalt: "This article proposes that the organization of some college curriculum programs as
well as some workplaces presents special and perhaps unnecessary obstacles to women
who might pursue science or engineering. The article begins with a framework for thinking
about connections between school and work in various fields. This section reveals
important differences in the way college degree programs are organized and in their
implications for the transition to work. Some programs, such as in physics, construct
a 'tight' link between school and work; others, such as in sociology, construct much
looser links. The article proceeds by reviewing results of previous ethnographic research
about women's actual experiences in college and work. This section suggests that during
the period of transition from college to work, women face special cultural demands
that interfere with their pursuit of degrees in tight programs. Joining the lessons
from the two preceding sections, the argument is made that the tight organization
of some college and workplace environments asks more of women than they can give and
helps explain why women continue to be under represented in some fields. The argument
has testable implications for the design of curricularprograms and workplace environments
that might attract more women (and perhaps more minorities and men) to science and
engineering." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Berufsbiographie und Karriere
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Identifying determinants of academic selfconfidence among science, math, engineering,
and technology students
Autor/in:
Huang, Peneolope M.; Brainard, Suzanne G.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 4, S. 315-337
Inhalt: "This study attempts to identify determinants of the gender gap in science, math,
engineering, and technology (SMET) students' levels of self-confidence in math, science,
and overall academic ability. Results from multivariate regression analyses of 336
undergraduate engineering majors at the University of Washington (UW) who completed
the Engineering Student Experience Survey point to perceived respect from professors
as the strongest determinant of female academic self-confidence, whereas the perceived
quality of teaching is the strongest predictor among male students. Results from multivariate
regression analyses of the Undergraduate Retention Study, a longitudinal study of
nine cohorts of female undergraduates interested in SMET study at UW, support the
finding that female students' selfconfidence levels tend more than those of male students
to be influenced by external factors. Analyses also reveal the determinants of math
self-confidence to be different from factors that determine science self-confidence.
These factors are found to vary by class level as well." (author's abstract)|
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 2, S. 107-124
Inhalt: "This article presents findings from a study that investigated the impact of a women
in science and engineering residence program (WISE-RP) on the retention of women in
science and engineering disciplines. From a matched sample of 1,852 science and engineering
students, the authors compared WISE-RP participants with male and female control students
for science and engineering retention. The findings suggest a strong connection between
WISE-KP participation and science retention, but not engineering retention. The results
also indicate that a WISE-RP is more effective in retaining White and Asian students
than underrepresented students of color. The authors highlight the importance of combining
academic and personal support in a residential learning program and draw implications
for retaining women - science, mathematics, and engineering disciplines." (author's
abstract)|
Be-Deutungen der Informatik als Ingenieurswissenschaft : Relation zwischen Informatik-Selbstverständnissen und Geschlecht
Titelübersetzung:Meanings (interpretations) of computer science as egineering science : relationship between self-conceptions of computer science and gender
Autor/in:
Schinzel, Britta
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Kommunikationsökologie, Jg. 3 (2001) Nr. 3, S. 27-41
Inhalt: Das Selbstverständnis der Informatik umfasst ein weites Spektrum, das von einer streng formalen mathematiknahen und technikzentrierten Ingenieurswissenschaft bis hin zu Auffassungen der Informatik als interdisziplinäre Gestaltungsund Medienwissenschaft reicht. Der Beitrag gibt zunächst einen kurzen Abriss der Entwicklung und des heutigen Selbstverständnisses der Informatik und erklärt verschiedene Technikbegriffe, die dann in Bezug auf die Informatik diskutiert werden. Es folgt die Darstellung einer theoretischen Basis der "Gender Studies" zur Technik, auf deren Basis eine Analyse der Relation zwischen Informatik-Selbstverständnissen und Geschlecht erfolgt. Es werden die Ergebnisse der Geschlecht-Technik-Relation in Bezug auf die Informatik vorgestellt, anhand derer sich die Engineering-Disziplinen der Informatik dekonstruieren lassen. "Dies alles erweist sich als Möglichkeit, den Technikbegriff so zu erweitern, dass er für Frauen akzeptabler erscheinen kann." (UN)