Differences in men and women scientists' perceptions of workplace climate
Autor/in:
Gunter, Ramona; Stambach, Amy
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 11 (2005) No. 1, S. 97-116
Inhalt: "The climate of science is often described as 'chilly' toward women and is blamed for women's underrepresentation and slow advancement within science fields. However, evidence of a chilly climate is often indirect. In this study of male and female science faculty members at a major research university, the authors found direct evidence for a chilly climate: A smaller percentage of women than men described their workplace environments in positive terms, and a larger percentage of women than men described uncomfortable, tense, or hostile interactions. Some men and many women said that gender bias might explain women's negative experiences; at the same time, these men and women stated that they could not say for certain that gender bias existed in their departments. Reasons for interviewees' difficulties in identifying and labeling gender bias are discussed." (author's abstract)
Gender writ small : gender enactments and gendered narratives about lab organization and knowledge transmission
in a biomedical engineering research setting
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 11 (2005) No. 1, S. 61-82
Inhalt: "This article presents qualitative data and offers some innovative theoretical approaches
to frame the analysis of gender in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) settings. It begins with a theoretical discussion of a discursive approach
to gender that captures how gender is lived 'on the ground.' The authors argue for
a less individualistic approach to gender. Data for this research project was gathered
from intensive interviews with lab members and ethnographic observations in a biomedical
engineering lab. Data analysis relied on a mixed methodology involving qualitative
approaches and dialogues with findings from other research traditions. Three themes
are highlighted: lab dynamics in relation to issues of critical mass, the division
of labor, and knowledge transmission. The data illustrate how gender is created in
interactions and is inflected through forms of social organization." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Women's employment in the sciences in Europe
Autor/in:
Glover, Judith
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 363-375
Inhalt: "The current situation of women in scientific education and employment in European Union and applicant countries shows patterns of vertical and horizontal segregation. Yet the data that underpin these analyses are patchy, and despite some efforts to reuse available data, there is a clear need for new data, an effort that is gathering momentum in the European Commission (EC) and other pan-European bodies. However, new data collection requires major resourcing and for this to happen, various actors need to be convinced that the 'women and science problem' matters. Various arguments can be found in the literature about why the issue is seen to matter, and here, the author focuses particularly on a recent rationale in the EC, the 'science and society' perspective. However, if women, as agents, persist in retreating from science, the reasons behind the phenomena shown up in the available data need to be much more closely examined, in terms of the structures and institutions of scientific education and employment." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Arbeitswelt und Arbeitsmarkt, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Statistik und statistische Daten
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Effects of gender on engineering career commitment
Autor/in:
Barker, Anne M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 2, S. 125-152
Inhalt: "Engineering has been one of the most difficult fields for 'women to enter and in
which to succeed. Although the percentage of female engineers has Increased, women
are still seriously underrepresented in the workforce. This study examined the effect
offender on career commitment, success, satisfaction, and involvement in engineering,
and the effect of personality and work environment on these variables. Alumni from
an engineering school in the northeastern United States were surveyed. The questionnaire
was analyzed using statistical and descriptive methods to determine relationships
among these variables. Women's commitment scores were lower than men's when controlled
for other variables, including satisfaction and involvement. Men had longer tenure
as engineers than women, even when controlled for year of graduation, professional
engineering status, and number of children. Women did not leave engineering in different
proportions than men, but they did earn significantly less despite controlling for
year of graduation and number of hours worked weekly. Some gender differences in workplace
experience were also found, including having colleagues act protectively, being mistaken
for secretaries, and seeing men progress faster in their careers than equally qualified
women." (author's abstract)|
Women in the construction industry in the U.K. : a cultural discord?
Autor/in:
Bagilhole, Barbara M.; Dainty, Andrew R.J.; Neale, Richard
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 1, S. 73-86
Inhalt: "The construction industry is the most male dominated of all industrial sectors in
the United Kingdom. This article reports on a study that explored women's and men's
experiences of working in the industry, focusing on how the cultural aspects of the
workplace environment impinged upon women's career development. We interviewed more
than 80 male and female construction professionals from large construction organizations,
and compared their career accounts in order to establish the aspects of the workplace
culture that had a gender-differentiated impact on progression. We found that construction
organizations formed competitive "power" cultures where women's contributions were
marginalized and their careers impeded through a combination of inflexible work practices
and discriminatory behavior. These barriers to women's careers were maintained in
small project teams by autonomous male operational managers. Their locus of control
embraced recruitment, promotion, and staff development, which allowed them to sustain
a workplace culture intolerant of nontraditional entrants. We conclude that this cultural
environment is likely to remain problematic for women unless it can be changed in
a way that values their contribution. This requires a radical shift in middle management
attitudes, a departure from current organizational human resource management systems,
and a wider acceptance of the need for cultural change within the industry." (author's
abstract)|
Laboratory talk and women's retention rates in science
Autor/in:
Conefrey, Theresa
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 3, S. 251-264
Inhalt: "Despite initiatives designed to increase women's participation in science, their
attrition rates remain high. To improve women's retention rates, this article proposes
a closer examination of the culture of science to discover what it is about it that
women might find uncomfortable, that could create a 'chilly climate' for them. A 2-year
ethnographic study of a university research laboratory group was conducted that identified
the group's communication style as problematic for some female members. A weekly meeting
was selected that exemplifies several of the dynamics of the communication style that
women at this laboratory had found problematic. An analysis of this meeting identified
specific features of the talk and examined research findings from the fields of language
and gender research and laboratory studies to explain why women might find these features
problematic." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Women in science in India : has feminism passed them by?
Autor/in:
Subrahmanyan, Lalita
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 2 (1995) No. 4, S. 225-242
Inhalt: "The article discusses problems women academic scientists in India face because of gender; women scientists are aware of how their position in the academy is different from that of men but have not made efforts to address their problems collectively; states that these women have a feminist perspective of a kind but have been disassociated from the women's movement in India." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Indien; Feminismus; Diskriminierung; Beruf; Gleichberechtigung; Akademikerin; Südasien; Entwicklungsland; Asien