Raising Children to Be (In-)Tolerant: Influence of Church, Education, and Society on Adolescents' Stance towards Queer People in Germany
Titelübersetzung:Erziehung zur (In-)Toleranz: Einfluss von Kirche, staatlicher Bildung und Zivilgesellschaft auf die Einstellung Jugendlicher zu sexueller Vielfalt
Autor/in:
Mayerhoffer, Daniel M.
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 43 (2018) 1, S 144-167
Details
Inhalt: There recently was a highly emotional debate in Germany regarding what to teach children about sexual plurality; different actors accuse each other of wrongful indoctrination. This paper presents a computational model based on the results of the SINUS youth study 2016 indicating that the dynamics of adolescents finding their own stance towards sexual plurality are resilient towards external pressure by clerical or government activities. Instead, civil society plays a strong role in the process of children developing their own opinions. This underlines that values in society can be reproduced between generations.
Schlagwörter:education; Meinungsbildung; Wertorientierung; opinion formation; Simulation; attitude formation; tolerance; sexuality; value-orientation; Erziehung; Sexualität; Federal Republic of Germany; Jugendlicher; influence; simulation; gender; adolescent; model; religiöse Sozialisation; Gender; Modell; Toleranz; Einfluss; religious socialization; Einstellungsbildung; Agent-based modelling; social values; adolescents; sexual plurality; church
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialpsychologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
History of knowledge, terrorism and gender
Titelübersetzung:Geschichte des Wissens, Terrorismus und Gender
Autor/in:
Grisard, Dominique
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 39 (2014) 3, S 82-99
Details
Inhalt: This article focuses on 20th-century terrorist phenomena as gendered objects of knowledge produced and disseminated through history books, mass media and state institutions. By taking 1970s West German terrorism as my field of inquiry, this article will critically discuss how a bourgeois understanding of violence as fundamentally masculine has shaped the way terrorism has been represented, conceptualized and historicized thus far. I will go on to problematize the mas-culine gaze of mass media and state institutions and their tendency to objectify the terrorist. Last but not least, I will delineate how mass media and historiog-raphy of terrorism have relied on a narrative structure that pits rebellious sons and masculine daughters against figural and literal fathers, a frame that is overtly masculine and familial. In so doing I will point to blind spots in the study of 1970s terrorism, namely masculinity and the gender of state institutions. My goal is thus to show how not just individual and symbolic, but also institutional facets of the bourgeois gender order influence the way terrorism has been conceptualized and historicized thus far.
Schlagwörter:Massenmedien; Diskurs; discourse; gender role; Federal Republic of Germany; Geschlechtsrolle; historiography; RAF; Geschichtsschreibung; feminism; masculinity; mass media; gender; Stereotyp; Gender; stereotype; woman; Feminismus; political violence; Männlichkeit; terrorism; politische Gewalt; Terrorismus; RAF; oedipal narrative
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Sozialgeschichte, historische Sozialforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Socialist and post-socialist functional elites in East Germany
Titelübersetzung:Sozialistische und postsozialistische Eliten in Ostdeutschland
Autor/in:
Salheiser, Axel
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 37 (2012) 2, S 123-138
Details
Inhalt: "This paper provides a brief overview of elite change and continuity in East Germany as a post-socialist society. To do so, at first, some peculiarities of the former cadre system and elites in socialist East Germany, i.e. the late German Democratic Republic, are addressed with regard to social structure development and the arrangement of generations. Selected empirical evidence is based on cross-sectoral, longitudinal and cohort analyses and the inspection of prosopographic elite data compiled until the end of the 1980s which deconstruct the myth of a levelled egalitarian socialist society. In the second part of the paper, elite change and continuity after the political change of 1989/90 is discussed in the context of the transformation of institutions. Inspired by Bourdieu's analytic paradigm, one central thesis on the career survivals, take-offs, and breakdowns of East German elites is the continued validity and efficacy of social and cultural capital obtained before the fall of the wall, most of all formal qualification. Dimension of vertical social inequality under socialist rule, such as gender and class background, remain to be decisive until today." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:neue Bundesländer; New Federal States; politische Elite; political elite; postsozialistisches Land; post-socialist country; Transformation; transformation; Wiedervereinigung; reunification; Kontinuität; continuity; politischer Wandel; political change; Kohortenanalyse; cohort analysis; Karriere; career; Sozialkapital; social capital; kulturelles Kapital; cultural capital; Sozialstruktur; social structure; Macht; power; Elite; elite; soziale Integration; social integration; institutioneller Wandel; institutional change; Biographie; biography; SOEP; SOEP; soziale Ungleichheit; social inequality; Pfadabhängigkeit; path dependence; Federal Republic of Germany
SSOAR Kategorie:Sozialgeschichte, historische Sozialforschung, politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Statistical matching of the German Aging Survey and the Sample of Active Pension Accounts as a source for analyzing life courses and old age incomes
Titelübersetzung:Statistisches Matching von Deutschem Alterssurvey und Versicherungskontenstichprobe als Quelle zur Analyse von Lebensläufen und Alterseinkommen
Autor/in:
Simonson, Julia; Romeu Gordo, Laura; Kelle, Nadiya
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 37 (2012) 2, S 185-210
Details
Inhalt: "The paper examines the combination of the German Aging Survey (Deutscher Alterssurvey - DEAS) with the Sample of Active Pension Accounts (Versicherungskontenstichprobe - VSKT), as an example of how survey results may be linked together with administrative data using statistical matching. Statistical matching is a technique increasingly being applied in order to combine information from different data sources where no linkage can be made between records based on any unique identifier. This might be due to confidentiality restrictions or attempts to avoid the high attrition rates connected with informed consent requirements. The aim of this matching is to provide a combined dataset that contains more information than the data sources would on their own. In their paper, the authors detail some preparatory steps for making this match, such as the definition and adjustment of matching variables. The steps they describe may well be worth challenging on the basis of the divergent characteristics of the two sets of data. The authors also outline the procedure they used to combine the data sources, based on the Mahalanobis distance vector. Finally, the authors assess the quality of the matching by comparing the individual pension amounts that they can extract from each of the two matching sources as our external criterion." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Federal Republic of Germany; Statistik; statistics; Matching; matching; alter Mensch; elderly; Einkommen; income; Lebenslauf; life career; SOEP; SOEP; Rentenversicherung; pension insurance; Kohortenanalyse; cohort analysis; Beschäftigung; employment; Arbeitslosigkeit; unemployment; Invalidität; invalidity; Pension; retirement pension; gender; regionale Faktoren; regional factors; alte Bundesländer; old federal states; neue Bundesländer; New Federal States; vergleichende Forschung; comparative research
SSOAR Kategorie:Erhebungstechniken und Analysetechniken der Sozialwissenschaften, Gerontologie, Alterssoziologie
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Individualisation and fertility
Titelübersetzung:Individualisierung und Fertilität
Autor/in:
Ehrhardt, Jens; Kohli, Martin
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 36 (2011) 2, S 35-64
Details
Inhalt: "In this paper, the authors discuss individualization theory as a parsimonious framework concept to describe and explain core points of fertility change in Western societies since the end of the 19th century. They emphasize two dimensions of individualization: firstly, the increase in status of the individual in cultural, social, economic and legal respects (human dignity); secondly, the increase in autonomy and freedom of choice. In contrast to other approaches based on individualization theory, the authors do not use the concept of self-realization in the sense of an increased orientation towards purely individual interests, not least because this concept has failed before the renewed rise in fertility that has recently been observed in some advanced societies. They discuss the relevance of these two dimensions of individualization in the context of the first transition and the 1960s with its declining fertility rates. Whereas the first demographic transition can be mainly explained by the rising status of children, which increased the costs of parenting and thus changed the interests of (potential) parents to have children, the transition in the 1960s resulted mainly from the rising status of women in education and the labor market. An important but hitherto neglected change was the increasing divorce rates, as the possibility to dissolve a marriage devalued the traditional gender contract of the breadwinner/ housewife model and decreased the willingness of women and men to invest in marriage and children. The contrast between the recently growing fertility rates in Sweden, France and the US with the continuously low fertility in the German-speaking countries can partly be seen as a result of different divorce regimes. Whereas the first group of countries has limited the entitlement to spousal support through alimonies, the second group has institutionalized extensive entitlements for mothers." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Fruchtbarkeit; fertility; demographischer Übergang; demographic transition; historische Entwicklung; historical development; Individualisierung; individualization; Federal Republic of Germany; internationaler Vergleich; international comparison; Ehescheidung; divorce; Theorie; theory; westliche Welt; Western world; 19. Jahrhundert; nineteenth century; 20. Jahrhundert; twentieth century; Geburtenrückgang; declining birth rate; Bevölkerungsentwicklung; population development; woman; Bildung; education; Arbeitsmarkt; labor market; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Schweden; Sweden; Frankreich; France; USA; United States of America; Nordamerika; North America
SSOAR Kategorie:Sozialgeschichte, historische Sozialforschung, Bevölkerung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz