Pedagogical reform and college women's persistence in mathematics
Autor/in:
Strand, Kerry J.; Mayfield, M. Elizabeth
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 1
Inhalt: "Significant gender differences persist in the election of mathematics courses and
math-related majors in college. Recent research suggests that part of the blame lies
with conventional pedagogical approaches and that alternative approaches emphasizing
practical applications, collaborative problem solving, and group work make mathematics
more understandable and appealing to all students, particularly women. Using questionnaires
administered to 355 traditional-age female college students, the authors examined
the relationship between alternative teaching strategies in high school mathematics
classes and two categories of outcome variables: mathematics-related attitudes and
mathematics persistence in college. Multivariate analysis showed that experience with
this so-called female-friendly pedagogy is positively related to students' math-related
attitudes and that these attitudes predict math persistence in college. However, the
authors' data also indicate that alternative teaching strategies have no discernible
direct effect on students' choices of mathematics courses or mathrelated." (author's
abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Mathematicians, attributional complexity and gender
Autor/in:
Stalder, Daniel R.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 2
Inhalt: "Given indirect indications in sex role and soda! psychology research that mathematical-deductive
reasoning may negatively relate to social acuity, Study 1 investigated whether mathematicians
were less attributionally complex than nonmathematicians. Study 1 administered the
Attributional Complexity Scale, a measure of social acuity, to female and male faculty
members and graduate students in four Midwestern schools. Atlrihutional complexity
(AC) is the ability and motivation to give complex explanations for behavior. Study
1 found a significant interaction between field and gender. Only among women did mathematicians
score lower on AC. In addition, an established gender difference in AC (that women
score higher than men) was present only among nonmathematicians. Studies 2 and 3 offered
some preliminary support for the possibility that it is generally female students
who score tow on AC who aspire to he mathematicians and for the underlying view that
female students' perceived similarity to mathematicians can influence their vocational
choices." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Key barriers for academic institutions seeking to retain female scientists and engineers : family-unfriendly policies, low numbers, stereotypes, and harassment
Autor/in:
Rosser, Sue V.; O'Neil Lane, Eliesh
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 2, S. 161-189
Inhalt: "At the end of a special meeting held at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in January 2001, a statement released on behalf of the most prestigious U.S. research universities suggested that institutional barriers have prevented women from having a level playing field in science and engineering. In 2001, the National Science Foundation initiated a new awards program, ADVANCE, focusing on institutional rather than individual solutions to empower women to participate fully in science and technology. In this study, the authors evaluate survey responses from almost 400 Professional Opportunities for Women in Research and Education awardees from fiscal years 1997 to 2000 to elucidate problems and opportunities identified by female scientists and engineers. Besides other issues, the respondents identified balancing a career and a family as the most significant challenge facing female scientists and engineers today. Institutions must seek to remove or at least lower these and other harriers to attract and retain female scientists and engineers. Grouping the survey responses into four categories forms the basis for four corresponding policy areas, which could be addressed at the institutional level to mitigate the difficulties and challenges currently experienced by female scientists and engineers." (author's abstract)
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 1, S. 41-52
Inhalt: "Achievement-related beliefs were examined among a group of 238 college students in engineering (38 female, 104 male) and nonengineering majors (57 female, 39 male) to understand why women enter engineering majors at a low rate and are more likely than men to leave such majors. The results indicated that (a) among the engineering majors, women were more likely than men to identify engineering aptitude as a fixed ability, a belief that was associated with a tendency to drop classes when faced with difficulty; (b) female engineering majors were more likely to perceive male and female engineering students as receiving different treatment than their male counterparts; and (c) female engineering majors tended to place more emphasis on extrinsic factors and less emphasis on intrinsic factors than female nonengineering majors, a pattern not seen among men. Implications for intervention programs are discussed." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Studentin; Ingenieurwissenschaft; Ingenieurin; Planung; Karriere
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Meeting the challenge : the impact of the national science foundation's program for women and girls
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 285-303
Inhalt: "This article describes a study of the National Science Foundation's Program for Women and Girls (PWG) (now called the Program for Gender Equity in Science, Mathematics, Engineering, and Technology) conducted by the Urban Institute between 1998 and 2000. The study assessed the PWG's contributions to the field of science, mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) education and gender equity. The study found that the PWG successfully effected both positive, short-term changes in human capital and long-term changes in knowledge capital and social capital resources to improve equity in SMET." (author's abstract)
Who gets promoted? : gender differences in science and engineering academia
Autor/in:
Olson, Kristen
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 347-362
Inhalt: "Using a nationally representative sample of doctoral academic scientists and engineers, this study examines gender differences in the likelihood of having tenure and senior faculty ranks after controlling for academic age, field, doctoral origins, employing educational institution, productivity, postdoctoral positions, work activities, and family characteristics. Logistic regressions show that many of these controls are significant; that biology and employment at comprehensive universities have a gender-specific advantage for women; and that postdoctoral positions, teaching instead of doing administrative work, and having children have a gender-specific disadvantage. Although the statistical methods employed here do not reveal the exact nature of how gender inequities in science and engineering careers arise, the author suggests that they exist." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Geschlechterverhältnis, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Women and the crossroads of science : thoughts on policy, research, and evaluation
Autor/in:
Dietz, James S.; Anderson, Bernice; Katzenmeyer, Conrad
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 395-408
Inhalt: "In this essay, the authors examine the crosscutting themes of this special issue as they pertain to policy, research, and evaluation of women and science. Past and current research, theory, frameworks, and programs are discussed in the context of challenges and innovations for methods and policy. The authors assert that the crossroads for gender equity studies lies at the intersection of science and society and argue for the need to build a base of cumulative knowledge for policy and practice." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Mainstreaming gender analysis into science
Autor/in:
Schiebinger, Londa
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 381-394
Inhalt: "This essay considers the question, Has feminism changed science? After three decades of active research, what new insights, questions, and priorities have feminists-men or women-brought to the sciences? The author provides examples of change from three areas: women's health research, primatology, and archaeology. The essay concludes with a discussion of mainstreaming gender analysis into science." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Taking stock: where we've been, where we are, where we're going
Autor/in:
Chu Clewell, Betriz; Campbell, Patricia B.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 255-284
Inhalt: "Focusing on 'where we've been, where we are, and where we're going,' the authors examine minority women's and white women's progress in science, mathematics, engineering, and technology (SMET) over the past decade. Starting from an exploration of participation and achievement data, the authors move on to cover the theories behind SMET gender differences, including those based on testing, biology, social-psychology, and cognitive sciences. Looking at practice as well as theory, the authors explore the impacts that interventions and contextual influences, such as societal change and education reform, have had on efforts to achieve gender parity in SMET. The article concludes with the recommendation of logical next steps to preserve and expand the gains made by women in these fields." (author's abstract)
Hispanic students majoring in science or engineering : what happened in their educational journeys?
Autor/in:
Wightman Brown, Susan
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 2, S. 123-148
Inhalt: "National statistics clearly demonstrate an under representation of minorities and women in the fields of science and engineering. Using Seidman's in-depth interviewing method, 22 Hispanic students, 12 female and 10 male, who were majoring in science or engineering were interviewed. These students were observed in their college science or engineering classes, their high school and college transcripts were analyzed, and they participated in a focus group. What made a difference in the educational journeys of these 22 students so that they could succeed - majors that have historically discouraged female and minority students? Seven themes emerged: family support, an honors program, a challenging and interactive curriculum, college preparation in high school courses, caring and kind teachers, small class sizes, and small communities. Educators must take note of these themes, which made a lasting difference in the students' futures, enabling them to choose science or engineering as their fields of study." (author's abstract)