Building careers, transforming institutions : underrepresented women and minorities, leadership opportunities, and interinstitutional networking
Autor/in:
Niemeier, D.A.; Smith, Vicki
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 11 (2005) No. 2, S. 181-196
Inhalt: "Transforming universities does not occur exclusively as a result of the actions of current university leaders but additionally requires the collective efforts of women who are interested in mobility and opportunity for women across the board, and who are committed to changing the broad work environment for women in the academy. In engineering, the representation of women in mid-career and senior-level faculty positions remains very low, with even fewer women assuming leadership positions such as department chair or research center director. In this article, we examine outcomes of the National Science Foundation sponsored 1st Women in Engineering Leadership Conference in the fall of 2000. The conference was designed to enable women engineers to develop the types of network that can facilitate transition to leadership positions. With an analysis of data gathered from surveys at three points in time, we track the issues that were salient to women who were considering leadership roles (both obstacles to and aspirations for); identify the benefits accrued from participation in the conference and from subsequent networking activities; and propose future interventions that may enhance and promote interinstitutional networking." (author's abstract)
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 2, S. 161-177
Inhalt: "Women today constitute over half of the U.S. population and almost half of its overall workforce, yet they make up less than a quarter of the science and engineering workforce. Many historical and social factors contribute to this discrepancy, and numerous individual, institutional, and governmental attempts have been made to redress it. However, many of the efforts to promote, include, and engage girls and women in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM) education and professions have been made in isolation. At Kansas State University, the authors have begun a systemic effort to increase the participation of girls and women in STEM. This article describes the creation and initial activities of a network of partners that includes universities, school districts, corporations, governmental agencies, and nonprofit organizations, assembled under the aegis of a project supported by funding from the National Science Foundation." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Netzwerke und Organisationen
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Closing the gender gap in technical disciplines : an investigative study
Autor/in:
Gokhale, Anu A.; Stier, Ken
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 2, S. 30-39
Inhalt: "The goal of this study was to investigate the efficacy of curriculum and instructional techniques in a technical core course to create a more conducive learning environment for women. The technical core course introduced technology majors to mechanical systems, electronics, and fluid power principles through lectures and laboratory work. Female students already enrolled in the department and female alumnae of the program were surveyed. The students' responses to the survey showed that although the female participants in the study were pleased with the instructors, the curriculum, and the instruction they received, they had recommendations for modifying the instruction." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Geschlechterverhältnis, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Building a structure of support : an inside look at the structure of women in engineering programs
Autor/in:
Knight, Meredith Thompson; Cunningham, Christine M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 1, S. 1-20
Inhalt: "Over the past 20 years, colleges and universities across the country have developed Women in Engineering (WIE) and Women in Science and Engineering (WISE) programs as resources to promote the recruitment and retention of women in college engineering. As part of the Women's Experiences in College Engineering project, a series of interviews were conducted with WIE and WISE directors at 26 colleges and universities in the United States. The results of these interviews were compiled to gain an understanding of the structure of WIE and WISE programs and the experience and advice that program directors have for others who may be interested in such programs." (author's abstract)
The assessing women in engineering project : a model for sustainable and profitable collaboration
Autor/in:
Marra, Rose M.; Bogue, Barbara
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 3, S. 283-296
Inhalt: "Women in engineering (WIE) programs work to recruit and retain women in undergraduate engineering programs and are a crucial part of the nation's effort to attract more women into engineering professions. For WIE programs to be maximally effective, they must have access to validated assessment instruments for measuring the effectiveness of their recruitment and retention activities. The Assessing Women in Engineering (AWE) project, sponsored by the National Science Foundation, aims to develop such instruments. This article describes the AWE project's unique collaboration between a WIE director and an assessment professional to develop exportable assessment instruments and models for WIE programs nationwide, thus allowing them to assess their programs' activities and ultimately provide data for making well-informed evaluation decisions." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Fördermaßnahmen, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
The benefits of mentoring for engineering students
Autor/in:
Wallace, Jean E.; Haines, Valerie A.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 4, S. 377-391
Inhalt: "The authors examined the benefits of mentoring for female and male engineering students and whether the benefits of mentoring differ depending on the sex of the mentor. Kram's framework of career development, psychosocial, and role-modeling functions was used to examine the benefits of mentoring for 1,069 engineering students. It was found that students with mentors were more socially integrated into their academic programs than students without mentors and that male mentors were more effective in this function than female mentors. Few students reported psychosocial benefits from being mentored, although female proteges reported more if they had female mentors. An unexpected finding for the role-modeling benefits was that mentored students reported less commitment to engineering careers than students without mentors. The authors close with a discussion of the implications of these findings and suggestions for future research in this area." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Mentoring und Training, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Recruiting female faculty members in science and engineering : preliminary evaluation of one intervention model
Autor/in:
Stewart, Abigail J.; LaVaque-Manty, Danielle; Malley, Janet E.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 4, S. 361-375
Inhalt: "The representation of female faculty members in science and engineering fields lags behind that of their counterparts in the social sciences and humanities and also fails to keep pace with the production of female science and engineering doctorates. Research has shown that equity cannot be achieved by waiting for women to fill the applicant pool; instead, institutions must intervene by changing hiring practices and retention policies. This article describes and evaluates early results of one intervention at the University of Michigan: the creation of a faculty committee designed to improve the recruitment and hiring of female faculty members through peer education. One hiring cycle after the committee's creation, the authors found (a) reports of changed practices in some search committees and departments, (b) an increase in the number and proportion of new hires who were women, and (c) a substantial increase in the knowledge and motivation of the members of the recruitment committee with respect to improving the climate for female faculty members." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Fördermaßnahmen, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
The effect of World War II on women in engineering
Autor/in:
Barker, Anne M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 9 (2003) No. 3-4
Inhalt: "The field of engineering has been one of the most difficult for women to enter. Even
with an increase in the proportion of women in the engineering workforce from 0.3%
before the 1970s to 9.5% in 1999, women are still seriously underrepresented. This
article examines the history of women in engineering in the United States during World
War II. Women were actively recruited as engineering aides by the federal government,
which saw them as a temporary substitute for men who were in the military. Yet this
crisis did not break down the barriers to and prejudices against women in engineering,
nor did it give them a real opportunity to become professional engineers equal to
men. After the war, calls for a return to normalcy were used to reestablish social
norms, which kept women at home and reserved desirable places in the workforce, including
in engineering, for men." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Intending to stay : images of scientists, attitudes toward women, and gender as influences on persistence among science and engineering majors
Autor/in:
Wyer, Mary
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 9 (2003) No. 1, S. 1-16
Inhalt: "Contemporary research on gender and persistence in undergraduate education in science and engineering has routinely focused on why students leave their majors rather than asking why students stay. This study compared three common ways of measuring persistence-commitment to major, degree aspirations, and commitment to a science or engineering career-and emphasized factors that would encourage students to persist, including positive images of scientists and engineers, positive attitudes toward gender equity in science and engineering, and positive classroom experiences. A survey was administered in classrooms to a total of 285 female and male students enrolled in two required courses for majors. The results indicate that the different measures of persistence were sensitive to different influences but that students' gender did not interact with their images, attitudes, and experiences in predicted ways. The study concludes that an individual student's gender may be a more important factor in explaining why some female students leave their science and engineering majors than in explaining why others stay." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Studium und Studierende, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
An account of women's progress in engineering : a social cognitive perspective
Autor/in:
Vogt, Christina
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 9 (2003) No. 3-4, S. 217-238
Inhalt: "Traditionally, women were not welcome in higher education, especially in male-dominated fields. Undoubtedly, women have dramatically increased their enrollments in many once male-only fields, such as law, medicine, and several of the sciences; nevertheless, engineering remains a field where women continue to be underrepresented. This has often been attributed to social barriers in engineering classrooms. However, a new turn of events has been reported: Young women entering engineering may receive higher grades and have a greater tendency to remain than men. To examine what has recently changed, the author applied Bandura's triadic model of reciprocity between environment, self, and behavior. The measured variables included academic integration or discrimination, self-measures of academic self-confidence, engineering self-efficacy, and behaviors taken to self-regulate learning: critical thinking, effort, peer learning, and help seeking. The data revealed that women apply slightly more effort and have slightly less self-efficacy than men. Their academic confidence is nearly equal in almost all areas. Most significantly, many previous gender biases appear diminished, and those that do exist are slight. However, it is recommended that continued efforts be undertaken to attract and retain women in engineering programs." (author's abstract)