Quelle: Indian Journal of Youth and Adolescent Health, 3 (2016) 4, S 8-21
Inhalt: Migrant adolescent girls in India’s fast-growing urban-slum population face multiple intersecting vulnerabilities,
including gender, poverty and migrant-status.
The study aims to understand the opportunities and challenges for migrant adolescent girls in low-income urban
slum settings.
Qualitative data were collected through interviews with girls aged 12-19 who migrated during the past two years
and non-migrant adolescent girls for comparison to explore their experiences in fast-growing Indore. A groupinterview with slum women’s group members discussedways to address challenges.
Push/pull factors linked with different employment/educational opportunities between rural and urban areas
motivated families of unmarried girls to migrate. Recently married girls joined city-based families or accompanied
husbands who were labor migrants. Neither married nor unmarried girls played decision-making roles in
migration.
Married migrant adolescent girls faced challenges in accessing education, employment, social opportunities and
services owing to restrictions on freedom of movement, weak social networks, and little awareness of
opportunities and services. Childbearing migrant girls faced particular risks. Contact with their natal families being
limited, the quality of relationship with husbands and marital families was crucial for married girls’well-being.
Unmarried girls attending schools were positive about the migration experience, perceiving the city to offer
greater educational opportunities. Through school, they accessed opportunities for new relationships and social
activities. Not all unmarried adolescent-girls wereable to access opportunities owing to family restrictions and
economic circumstances. These girls’ worlds remained small despite moving to a large city.
Where girls’ economic and/or family and social circumstances allowed, migration entailed a positive change that
enhanced their opportunities. Specific challenges of this population segment need focus in policies and programs,
prioritizing three particularly vulnerable groups: girls who are neither in education nor employment, pregnant
girls or new mothers, and those with difficult relationships in marital homes. Proactive outreach to raise awareness about opportunities and services and fostering social networks through front-line workers and slum women’s groups are recommended.
Schlagwörter:labor migration; Indien; soziales Netzwerk; adolescence; Schwangerschaft; slum; Familiensituation; pregnancy; Migrant; Arbeitsmigration; sozioökonomische Faktoren; large city; Adoleszenz; Jugendlicher; Großstadt; social inequality; Südasien; Slum; poverty; adolescent; migrant; Armut; health care; girl; marriage immigration; social network; Gesundheitsversorgung; Mädchen; socioeconomic factors; exclusion; Entwicklungsland; South Asia; Exklusion; India; family situation; soziale Ungleichheit; Heiratsmigration; developing country; married girls; internal migration; SDGs; women's groups
SSOAR Kategorie:Entwicklungsländersoziologie, Entwicklungssoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheitspolitik, Migration
Südafrikas Born Free-Generation im Aufstand: ein feministisches Revival des Black Consciousness Movement
Autor/in:
Namberger, Verena
Quelle: Femina Politica - Zeitschrift für feministische Politikwissenschaft, 25 (2016) 1, S 153-157
Schlagwörter:Republik Südafrika; Republic of South Africa; Protestbewegung; protest movement; Rassismus; racism; Universität; university; soziale Ungleichheit; social inequality; Entkolonialisierung; decolonization; Feminismus; feminism; soziale Bewegung; social movement
SSOAR Kategorie:politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Inhalt: Gender Equality has not yet been achieved in many western countries. Switzerland in particular has failed as a forerunner in integrating women in politics and economy. Taking Switzerland as a case study, the authors critically reflect the state of gender equality in different policy areas such as education, family and labour. The collection of articles reveals how gender policies and cultural contexts interact with social practices of gender (in)equality. They also outline the gender(ed) effects of recent changes and reform strategies for scientists, politicians and practitioners. Despite considerable successes at the legal and societal level, equality between women and men has not yet been achieved in many western countries. This is true also for Switzerland, where gender equality issues increasingly are being highlighted. This book critically reflects the state of gender equality in Switzerland by focusing on key areas of gender policy such as education, labour, and the private sphere, especially in the context of economic and social change. The articles are based on multi-disciplinary perspectives as well as innovative methods in studying gender (in)equality. All chapters refer to the National Research Program 60 on 'Gender Equality' (2010-2014) launched by the Swiss National Science Foundation which aimed at generating knowledge on the complex conditions for gender equality in Switzerland. The chapters of this book highlight the 'evidence' and impact of current gender equality policies and objectives. The authors investigate the gender-relevant implications of important policy areas, some of which are still rarely discussed, such as social investment, tax or working time policies. They discuss interdependencies between gender and other categories of social difference, e.g. social class, and also illustrate the meaning of these intersections with respect to the outcomes and limitations of public policies. Further, the articles are dedicated to the analyses of the complex reasons for persisting gender inequalities in the world of work, care and education by looking especially at the interfaces and the transitions between those social fields. The book provides nuanced insight into how gender policies and cultural contexts interact with social practices of gender (in)equality and reflects the media and public reception of scientific studies on gender inequality. It is directed to social and political scientists and yields important information on effective strategies and their relevance to gender equality for politicians and practitioners today.
Fifty years of change updated: cross-national gender convergence in housework
Autor/in:
Altintas, Evrim; Sullivan, Oriel
Quelle: Demographic Research, 35 (2016) , S 455-469
Inhalt: Background: Gendered trends in housework provide an important insight into changing gender inequality. In particular, they shed light on the debate over the stalling of the 'gender revolution'. Additionally, the gender division of housework is significantly related to couple well-being; disagreements over housework are among the major sources of marital conflict. Objective: The objective is to bring the evidence on gendered trends in time spent on core housework up to date, and to investigate cross-national variation in those trends. Methods: Using 66 time use surveys from 19 countries, we apply a random-intercept, random-slope model to investigate half a century of change in gender differences in housework (1961-2011). Results: There is a general movement in the direction of greater gender equality, but with significant country differences in both the level and the pace of convergence. Specifically, there was a slowing of gender convergence from the late 1980s in those countries where men and women’s time in housework was already more equal, with steeper gender convergence continuing in those countries where the gender division of housework was less equal. Conclusions: Our findings support the view that despite short-term stalls, slow-downs, and even reverses, as well as important differences in national policy contexts, the overall cross-national picture shows a continuing trend towards greater gender equality in the performance of housework. Contribution: We update cross-national time use evidence on the gender division of housework to the end of the first decade of the 21st Century. In a multilevel framework, we show how the gender gap varies across time and between countries, net of other demographic variables.
Schlagwörter:Konvergenz; gender; Zeitverwendung; demographic factors; historische Entwicklung; Arbeitsteilung; time budgeting; international comparison; division of labor; Gender; Hausarbeit; convergence; housework; socioeconomic factors; sozioökonomische Faktoren; internationaler Vergleich; historical development; social inequality; demographische Faktoren; gender-specific factors; soziale Ungleichheit; cross-national research; multilevel modeling
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Familiensoziologie, Sexualsoziologie
Südafrikas Born Free-Generation im Aufstand: ein feministisches Revival des Black Consciousness Movement
Autor/in:
Namberger, Verena
Quelle: Femina Politica - Zeitschrift für feministische Politikwissenschaft, 25 (2016) 1, S 153-157
Schlagwörter:Republik Südafrika; Republic of South Africa; Protestbewegung; protest movement; Rassismus; racism; Universität; university; soziale Ungleichheit; social inequality; Entkolonialisierung; decolonization; Feminismus; feminism; soziale Bewegung; social movement
SSOAR Kategorie:politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung