Die Positionierung des weiblichen Subjekts im politischen Raum: eine biographieanalytische Betrachtung der Karrierechancen ostdeutscher Politikerinnen
Titelübersetzung:The position of female biographical identity in the political space: a biography-analytical approach to the study of career opportunities of East German female politicians
Autor/in:
Hippmann, Cornelia
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 16 (2015) 2, S 249-263
Inhalt: "Der folgende Artikel leistet einen Beitrag zur Erforschung von Karrierechancen und -schwierigkeiten ostdeutscher Politikerinnen und begründet die Verwendung eines biographieanalytischen Zugangs. Er beruht auf den Ergebnissen meines Dissertationsprojektes Ostdeutsche Frauen in der Politik. Eine qualitative Analyse. In meinem Beitrag werden die Gründe diskutiert, weshalb gerade der biographieanalytische Zugang geeignet ist, um bisher von den Sozialwissenschaften vernachlässigte Themen der Durchdringung des 'äußeren' Lebensablaufs und der 'Innenweltaufschichtung' biographischer Erfahrungen zu erforschen. Dazu werden zentrale Ergebnisse der Untersuchung skizziert. Es wird aufgezeigt, dass 1989/90 politische und soziokulturelle Systemwechsel einmalige Gestaltungs- und Partizipationschancen für politisch ambitionierte ostdeutsche Frauen bot, um nach dem Aufbau einer neuartigen Politikszene eine Laufbahn als Parlamentarierin einzuschlagen. In dem Artikel wird thematisiert, dass sich die zeitgenössischen Mandatsträgerinnen tendenziell, nicht zuletzt auf Grund ihrer genderisierten Rolle, verschärften Paradoxien in ihrem politischen Handeln ausgesetzt sahen. Dieser Aufsatz will dazu beitragen, auf der Basis meines (abgeschlossenen) Forschungsprojektes konzeptionell die Situation von ostdeutsch-sozialisierten Frauen im politischen Raum aus biographietheoretischer Perspektive zu analysieren, zu diskutieren und das Besondere des Forschungsfeldes zu konturieren." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "The following article makes a contribution to the study of opportunities and difficulties of female East German political mandate holders, and justifies the use of an analytical biography approach. The article is empirically based on the results of my dissertation project East German women in politics. A qualitative analysis. In this present paper I discuss the reasons why exactly the biography-analytical approach is suitable to explore topics of the intertwining of 'outer' life course and 'inner' sedimentation of biographical experiences. The key results of my study are outlined. It is shown that especially the rapid political and socio-cultural change within the former GDR in 1989/1990 offered unique participation opportunities for politically ambitious East German women to pursue a career as parliamentarians after a radically new political scene had been set up. The article also focuses on the paradoxes that the contemporary female mandate holders tend to be confronted with; these paradoxes are exacerbated by the ascribed genderized roles of female politicians. On the empirical base of my (finished) research project, this paper attempts to generate analytical categories and to discuss with their help the work and life situation of women socialized in East Germany within political arenas. The analysis will be pursued in a biography-theoretical perspective, and some ofthe particular features of the field of research of East German women in politics will be formulated." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:neue Bundesländer; New Federal States; Federal Republic of Germany; Politikerin; ; Karriere; career; Chancengleichheit; equal opportunity; politische Partizipation; political participation; politisches Handeln; political action; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Rollenbild; role image; woman; Sozialisation; socialization; Biographie; biography; qualitative Methode; qualitative method; Sozialforschung; social research; narratives Interview; narrative interview; Geschlechterforschung; gender studies
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur, Erhebungstechniken und Analysetechniken der Sozialwissenschaften
Socialization and gendered biographical agency in a multicultural migration context: the life history of a young Moroccan woman in Germany
Autor/in:
Al-Rebholz, Anil
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 79-96
Inhalt: "In light of the challenges of globalization, hybridization of cultures, and transnational migration movements worldwide, some central deficits of socialization theory have been identified. As a response to these challenges, the necessity of developing 'biographical socialization research' and a 'subject-oriented socialization theory' are underlined. In this paper, the notion of 'biographical agency', embedded in the social and temporal context of biographies, is proposed to overcome shortcomings of the theories of socialization. Drawing on the concepts of biographical knowledge, biographical work and biographical reflexivity, biographical research can show how individuals develop biographical agency and engage in meaningful social actions within their life courses under the conditions of globalization. On the basis of Samira's case, I will point out the kinds of multiple exclusion/ inclusion mechanisms that operate in multicultural societies, mechanisms produced both by majority and minority groups, and how daughters of migrants can acquire biographical resources through their socialization in multicultural contexts to struggle against hierarchical gender norms, conflicting expectations, and restrictive social sites as well as enlarge their sphere of action." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; internationale Wanderung; international migration; Globalisierung; globalization; Transkulturalität; cross-culturality; multikulturelle Gesellschaft; multicultural society; Sozialisation; socialization; Biographie; biography; gender-specific factors; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Identität; identity; Religiosität; religiousness; Migrant; migrant; zweite Generation; second generation; woman; Muslim; Muslim; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; parent-child relationship; Federal Republic of Germany; biographische Methode; biographical method; Forschungsansatz; research approach; Subjektivierung; subjectivation; Intersektionalität; intersectionality; gender norms; biographical resources; multiple belongings
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Soziologie von Gesamtgesellschaften, Forschungsarten der Sozialforschung
Becoming women: awareness of migration and double loyalty
Autor/in:
Gigliotti, Miriam; Odasso, Laura
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 131-146
Inhalt: "Based on two case studies of adolescent daughters of migrant and mixed families in Bavaria (Germany) and in Veneto (Italy), the paper aims to study how the daughters solve the conflicting interactions between the contents of the transmission and of the socialization. Focused mostly on gendered interactions and on a sense of belonging, the reflection investigates if and how structural elements (e.g.: family configuration, national context and migration trajectories of parents) impact on continuity and discontinuity in passing on values and other sets of information. The observation of 'status passages' and 'socio-ecological transitions' in and between private and public spheres thanks to the analysis of life histories are suitable to grasp the specific effects of handing down and its interaction with the socialization over generations. This approach entails the articulation of 'time' (namely the interplay between past and present) and 'space' (namely the private and public spheres) allowing retracing the outline of the 'generational work' that each family performs consciously and unconsciously. In different geographical and socio-cultural contexts as well as in different family patterns, parenting and adolescent dynamics reveal common features. By pointing out the restructuration that adolescence imposes in life courses, we show that it is the meaning given to the parental experience of migration that entails specific form of 'loyalty' due to emotional and juridical (de)nationalized belonging, as well as to previous experiences of socialization and discrimination. The originality of the reflection is connected to the patterns of the families compared. The authors widen the concept of migration classically employed in academia introducing the innovative concept of 'migration of contact'." (author's abstract)
The national framework in international migration: continued importance in times of constant challenges
Autor/in:
Gündüz, Eran; Probst, Johanna
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 147-162
Inhalt: "By analyzing issues of citizenship and asylum policies in a French-German context, this article shows in how far 'national belonging' as a category remains relevant in both social research and social reality. Discussing critically the notion of declining relevance of the concept of 'nation' in recent academic contributions, the aim of this article is to provide empirical cases which underline the continuance of the analytical categories of nation and national belonging for social research. Referring in particular to the traditional antagonism of the German 'ethnic' and the French 'political' understanding of nation and national belonging, this article argues that supra-national forces such as the EU or the partial permeability of national borders to immigration flows have a strong impact on the self-definition of these national societies. With their methodological consequences for the use of 'nation' as a concept in the social sciences, these political and social changes illustrate that 'nation' cannot be seen as a hermeneutic and unchangeable category of societal life. In this context, the authors interpret the reform of the German citizenship law in 2000 as a significant shift towards an open political society - in contrast to an ethnic understanding. According to the authors, nation and national belonging become particularly relevant in the definition of and struggle over citizenship, i.e. is this national institution inclusive or exclusive vis-à-vis immigrants? The analysis of the French and the German asylum-procedure shows that national belonging is a highly significant element in the treatment of asylum claims." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; internationale Wanderung; international migration; Einwanderung; immigration; Asylpolitik; asylum policy; Asylrecht; right of asylum; Staatsangehörigkeit; citizenship; nationale Identität; national identity; Nationalität; nationality; Migrationsforschung; migration research; vergleichende Forschung; comparative research; Methodologie; methodology; Sozialforschung; social research; Frankreich; France; Federal Republic of Germany; Einbürgerung; naturalization
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Forschungsarten der Sozialforschung
Three women in a city: crossing borders and negotiating national belonging
Autor/in:
Pape, Elise; Takeda, Ayumi; Guhlich, Anna
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 39-56
Inhalt: "The major theoretical literature has considered the concept of nation primarily from a macro level. This article explores the question of national belonging departing from an individual's point of view, more precisely from the life story of three migrant women. Migration and transnational practices have challenged the perception of the homogeneity of nations, questioning the idea of fixed boundaries, and showing how different national and social forms of belonging may develop simultaneously through migration experience. Drawing on biographical interviews conducted with three migrant women, Amina El Asri, Gule Yildiz and Zuzana Svitá, the present analysis focusses on the construction of national belonging of the women in an intersectional perspective. Mrs. El Asri, Mrs. Yildiz and Mrs. Svitá originate from different countries (respectively Morocco, Turkey and Czechia). They have different social origins and ages, but share the same sex, their residence in the same city in West Germany and the fact that they all have children. The analysis reveals the profound impact of the socio-historical contexts the women come from on their construction of national belonging, but also of age and of transmission processes to their children. It is mainly through passing on their mother tongue and reshaping their conception of national belonging over time that the women manage to establish strong ties to their children, and contribute, by articulating different lines of belonging, to the redefinition of (trans)nation building processes." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; Migrant; migrant; woman; Nation; nation; nationale Identität; national identity; Identitätsbildung; identity formation; Gruppenzugehörigkeit; group membership; gender-specific factors; Intersektionalität; intersectionality; Familie; family; Generation; generation; soziale Herkunft; social background; Bindung; commitment; Federal Republic of Germany; Biographie; biography; biographische Methode; biographical method
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Familiensoziologie, Sexualsoziologie, Migration
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 11-23
Inhalt: "In this paper we discuss the concept of transnational biographies in migration studies. We use a biographical case study from the relatively new research field of advancement through education to explore that a transnational biography is not just a product of subjectivity but also a way of gaining access to invisible but nonetheless objective structures of transnational migration spaces. Our thesis is that the discovery and use of a transnational European educational space made it possible for second generation migrants in Germany to circumvent the exclusionary mechanisms of the German education system much more effectively than through unconditional assimilation into that system." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; Biographie; biography; Transnationalität; transnationality; Arbeitsmigration; labor migration; Assimilation; assimilation; soziale Integration; social integration; Bildungsverlauf; course of education; Bildungsniveau; level of education; Migrant; migrant; zweite Generation; second generation; Bildungschance; educational opportunity; beruflicher Aufstieg; career advancement; Federal Republic of Germany; Migrationsforschung; migration research; Forschungsansatz; research approach
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Bildungs- und Erziehungssoziologie
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 115-130
Inhalt: "The purpose of this qualitative research - based on biographical narrative interviews - is to trace the migration strategies of two young female domestic workers in private households in Germany. The authors interpret their agency mainly as a successful practice of 'coping'. The analysis of the case studies reveals that biographical resources, language skills, aspects of class, nation state policies and expectations of the future intersect within the emancipation process. Care and domestic work functions as a strategy to realize long-term migration and thereby emphasizes its fundamental value in societies." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; Hausangestellte; domestic; Hausarbeit; housework; Pflege; caregiving; Privathaushalt; private household; Federal Republic of Germany; Biographie; biography; sozialer Aufstieg; social advancement; sozialer Status; social status; Lebensplanung; life planning; Karriereplanung; career planning; soziale Herkunft; social background
Ländliche Milieus: Familiengenerationen und Armutstraditionen
Titelübersetzung:Rural Milieus: Family Generations and Poverty Traditions
Autor/in:
Sparschuh, Vera
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 14 (2013) 2, S 243-260
Inhalt: Milieus werden im sozialwissenschaftlichen Diskurs zur Beschreibung gesellschaftlicher Lagen vertikal geordnet, und es wird grob zwischen "oberen" und "unteren" Milieus unterschieden. Dabei werden die "unteren" Milieus weniger systematisch abgebildet als die "oberen"; somit figurieren oft alltagsweltliche Zuschreibungen und nicht zuletzt Vorurteile. Am Beispiel ländlicher Milieus im Nordosten der Bundesrepublik werden diese "unteren" Milieus im Drei-Generationen-Zusammenhang untersucht. Hierbei wird an das praxeologisch begründete Milieukonzept von Ralf Bohnsack angeknüpft, indem Milieus konsequent aus Strukturidentitäten der Lebens- und Sozialisationsgeschichte rekonstruiert werden. Mit der Rekonstruktion von mehreren Familiengeschichten mit Armutserfahrungen ist es gelungen, über Generationen hinweg tradierte Orientierungsrahmen, die das Handeln der Menschen bestimmen, herauszuarbeiten. Insbesondere betrifft das den "Schicksalsrahmen", der impliziert, dass undurchschaubare Mächte das Leben der Menschen steuern. Es kann gezeigt werden, wie dieser Rahmen als Typ in mehreren Familienfällen und geschlechtsdifferenziert auffindbar ist. Weiterhin werden Bestandteile dieses Typs unter neuen Randbedingungen in der nächsten Generation jeweils übernommen und zugleich verändert.
Inhalt: In the social science discourse milieus are related to the description of social status: in general "higher" and "lower" milieus are identified. The knowledge concerning "higher" situated milieus is still more defined than the information available on "lower" milieus; in fact everyday assumptions or even prejudices are applied frequently when regarding those milieus. Backed by the example of several family histories including three generations who have experienced poverty in rural areas in the North-East of the Federal Republic of Germany these milieus are being scrutinized. The study is founded on Ralf Bohnsack's milieu concept, which bases the reconstruction of milieus strongly on structural identities of the individuals' lives and their history of socialisation. The reconstruction of several family histories reveals frames of orientation, influencing the life of people across generations. Especially a frame of orientation including a fateful attitude to life could be reconstructed, which seems to determinate the life and decisions of people via inscrutable powers. This type was discerned in various families. Considerable gender differences appeared. Moreover it can be shown how this type is adopted and transformed by the next generation.
Schlagwörter:transformation; Tradition; soziales Milieu; strukturschwache Region; underdeveloped region; generation; social milieu; ländlicher Raum; Transformation; Generation; Armut; Familie; Sozialisation; Federal Republic of Germany; socialization; rural area; family; neue Bundesländer; Biographie; New Federal States; biography; tradition; poverty; ländliche Milieus; Familientraditionen; Schicksalsrahmen
SSOAR Kategorie:Allgemeine Soziologie, Makrosoziologie, spezielle Theorien und Schulen, Entwicklung und Geschichte der Soziologie, Agrarsoziologie