Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 4, S. 353-360
Inhalt: "To examine how an author's gender influences his or her research output, the authors analyzed (not simply scored) more than 900 published articles in nine leading scientific journals in the field of evolutionary ecology. Women were strongly underrepresented in all countries, but this bias is decreasing. Men and women differed significantly in their fields of research, with women preferentially conducting projects on behavior rather than evolution or ecology. Most aspects of the structure of published articles and the level of conceptual generality were unaffected by an author's gender. Because discriminatory practices by reviewers and editors can be manifested in attributes of the articles that survive the review process, the latter result suggests a lack of gender-based discrimination during the review process. Gender differences in research output presumably reflect a complex array of genetic and social influences; a clearer understanding of these causal factors may help identify (and thus reduce) gender-based discrimination." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Gender and satisfaction with the cooperative education experience in engineering
Autor/in:
Wilkinson, Karen R.; Sullivan, Laura L.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 9 (2003) No. 3-4
Inhalt: "This study investigated gender differences in job satisfaction following the first
term of a cooperative education program in engineering. Using data from a survey of
freshmen, this study tested hypotheses about gender differences in the co-op job experience
and the correlates of co-op job satisfaction. Gender-based predictive models of job
satisfaction are presented. In general, the correlates of co-op job satisfaction are
the same as those identified in past studies of job satisfaction. The level of co-op
job satisfaction is the same for men and women, even though women do face some disadvantages.
Social influences are important to both men and women, but there are gender differences
in the specific predictors." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
The effect of World War II on women in engineering
Autor/in:
Barker, Anne M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 9 (2003) No. 3-4
Inhalt: "The field of engineering has been one of the most difficult for women to enter. Even
with an increase in the proportion of women in the engineering workforce from 0.3%
before the 1970s to 9.5% in 1999, women are still seriously underrepresented. This
article examines the history of women in engineering in the United States during World
War II. Women were actively recruited as engineering aides by the federal government,
which saw them as a temporary substitute for men who were in the military. Yet this
crisis did not break down the barriers to and prejudices against women in engineering,
nor did it give them a real opportunity to become professional engineers equal to
men. After the war, calls for a return to normalcy were used to reestablish social
norms, which kept women at home and reserved desirable places in the workforce, including
in engineering, for men." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Female project managers' workplace problems : a survey
Autor/in:
Thi Duoong, Thuong; Skitmore, Martin
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 9 (2003) No. 2, S. 183-196
Inhalt: "This article examines the extent to which challenges in the workplace may cause female project managers to be in a significantly small minority. A survey of members of the Australian Institute of Project Management in Queensland is described. This compares the experiences and observations of both men and women on various issues related to technical and gender aspects in project management workplaces. The results show that although female project managers experience many problems, male project managers also experience most of the same problems. Likewise, there are also few differences between more and less experience, the level of management, and types of industries. The differences that do occur involve discrimination against women in general, differences in project management styles, and support from other project managers." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Arbeitswelt und Arbeitsmarkt, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Women and the crossroads of science : thoughts on policy, research, and evaluation
Autor/in:
Dietz, James S.; Anderson, Bernice; Katzenmeyer, Conrad
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 8 (2002) No. 3-4, S. 395-408
Inhalt: "In this essay, the authors examine the crosscutting themes of this special issue as they pertain to policy, research, and evaluation of women and science. Past and current research, theory, frameworks, and programs are discussed in the context of challenges and innovations for methods and policy. The authors assert that the crossroads for gender equity studies lies at the intersection of science and society and argue for the need to build a base of cumulative knowledge for policy and practice." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Gender, race, and the college science track : analyzing field concentrations and institutional selectivity
Autor/in:
Mullen, Ann L.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 4, S. 285-300
Inhalt: "This study examines the effects of gender, race, and ethnicity on the pursuit of scientific fields of study among college students. It builds on previous research by considering variation among fields of science and variation across institutions in selectivity. The findings reveal that African American students graduating with degrees in science are underrepresented in elite institutions, principally because of their concentration in historically Black colleges and universities. The evidence does not indicate that female science majors are underrepresented in elite institutions. Both groups are concentrated among the science fields with the lowest labor market returns. These findings demonstrate that female and minority students are more disadvantaged than studies of their simple representation in science would suggest." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Gender and physics : a theoretical analysis
Autor/in:
Rolin, Kristina
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 1, S. 1-8
Inhalt: "This article argues that the objections raised by Koertge (1998), Gross and Levitt (1994), and Weinberg (1996) against feminist scholarship on gender and physics are unwarranted. The objections are that feminist science studies perpetuate gender stereotypes, are irrelevant to the content of physics, or promote epistemic relativism. In the first part of this article I argue that the concept of gender, as it has been developed in feminist theory, is a key to understanding why the first objection is misguided. Instead of reinforcing gender stereotypes, feminist science studies scholars can formulate empirically testable hypotheses regarding local and contested beliefs about gender. In the second part of this article I argue that a social analysis of scientific knowledge is a key to understanding why the second and the third objections are misguided. The concept of gender is relevant for understanding the social practice of physics, and the social practice of physics can be of epistemic importance. Instead of advancing epistemic relativism, feminist science studies scholars can make important contributions to a subfield of philosophy called social epistemology." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
A course in spatial visualization and its impact on the retention of female engineering students
Autor/in:
Sorby, Sheryl A.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 2, S. 153-172
Inhalt: "Spatial visualization skills have been shown to be important to success in engineering and other technical fields. Unfortunately, the 3-D spatial skills of women often lag behind those of men. At Michigan Technological University, a special course designed to enhance 3-D spatial skills has been offered for several years. Development and improvements to this course have been supported by the National Science Foundation through a series of grants. This article outlines the efforts at improving spatial skills undertaken at Michigan Tech since 1993 and presents results from this project as they relate to the retention and overall success of female engineering students." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Perceived gender interaction and course confidence among undergraduate science, mathematics,
and technology majors
Autor/in:
Hughes, W. Jay
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 6 (2000) No. 2, S. 155-167
Inhalt: "Questionnaire data (n=496) were used to examine the relationship between perceived
gender interaction in the classroom and course confidence for undergraduate science,
mathematics, and technology majors. Compared with male majors, female majors reported
significantly lower course confidence, recognition by and respect from instructors,
respect for female students from male peers, and confidence that course curricula
were gender-inclusive. Recognition by and respect from instructors explained 32% of
the variation in course confidence for female majors with female instructors; respect
from instructors explained 11% and 23% of the variation in course confidence for female
majors with male instructors and male majors with female instructors, respectively,
and instructor respect and academic achievement explained 26% of the variation in
course confidence for male majors with male instructors. Pedagogical implications
are discussed." (author's abstract)|