Luise Berthold: Hochschulleben und Hochschulpolitik zwischen 1909 und 1957
Titelübersetzung:Luise Berthold: university life and university policy between 1909 and 1957
Autor/in:
Oertzen, Christine von
Quelle: Feministische Studien : Zeitschrift für interdisziplinäre Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Jg. 20 (2002) H. 1, S. 8-22
Inhalt: Am Beispiel der Altgermanistin Luise Berthold (1892-1983) untersucht die Autorin die wissenschaftliche Karriere einer Frau der ersten Generation von Hochschullehrerinnen in Deutschland. Bertholds Leben stellt in der deutschen Wissenschaftslandschaft des 20. Jahrhunderts eine einzigartige Erscheinung dar. Ihre Biografie, die hier in drei Schritten (1909-1923: Lehrjahre, 1933-1945: Unbehelligt durch die Nacht, 1945-1957: Wissenschaft und Hochschulpolitik) dargestellt wird, rückt all diejenigen Barrieren, Erschwernisse und Frustrationen in den Blick, die Hochschullehrerinnen jener Zeit erwarteten. Luise Berthold hat als eine der wenigen Weimarer Hochschullehrerinnen die Zeit des Nationalsozialismus überlebt, und sie hat nach 1945 die berufliche Zurücksetzung von Dozentinnen in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland hochschulpolitisch thematisiert. Der Beitrag fragt abschließend, warum Berthold und ihre Mitstreiterinnen trotz zunehmender Politisierung für die Studentinnen und jungen Dozentinnen in der Mitte des 20. Jahrhunderts keine attraktiven Vorbildfiguren zu sein vermochten. (ICH)
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Wissenschaftspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Effects of gender on engineering career commitment
Autor/in:
Barker, Anne M.
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 7 (2001) No. 2, S. 125-152
Inhalt: "Engineering has been one of the most difficult fields for 'women to enter and in
which to succeed. Although the percentage of female engineers has Increased, women
are still seriously underrepresented in the workforce. This study examined the effect
offender on career commitment, success, satisfaction, and involvement in engineering,
and the effect of personality and work environment on these variables. Alumni from
an engineering school in the northeastern United States were surveyed. The questionnaire
was analyzed using statistical and descriptive methods to determine relationships
among these variables. Women's commitment scores were lower than men's when controlled
for other variables, including satisfaction and involvement. Men had longer tenure
as engineers than women, even when controlled for year of graduation, professional
engineering status, and number of children. Women did not leave engineering in different
proportions than men, but they did earn significantly less despite controlling for
year of graduation and number of hours worked weekly. Some gender differences in workplace
experience were also found, including having colleagues act protectively, being mistaken
for secretaries, and seeing men progress faster in their careers than equally qualified
women." (author's abstract)|
The contradiction of the myth of individual merit, and the reality of a patriarchal
support system in academic careers : a feminist investigation
Autor/in:
Bagilhole, Barbara; Goode, Jackie
Quelle: The European journal of women's studies, Vol. 8 (2001) No. 2, S. 161-180
Inhalt: "This article draws on data from a qualitative research study undertaken in an old
(pre-1992) UK university with the main aim of investigating the issue of the gender
dimension of academic careers. It examines the idea of an individualistic academic
career that demands self-promotion, which is still used as a measure of achievement
by those in senior positions. However, there is a basic contradiction. While this
idea is upheld, men simultaneously gain by an in-built patriarchal support system.
They do not have to make a conscious effort to be helped by it, thereby perpetuating
the cultural hegemony of individualism. Women are not admitted to this support system,
and if they are seen as needing or wanting to set up their own system, this is viewed
as a weakness. The answer appears to be for women to strategically harness feminist
ways of working in a collaborative and supportive way." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Barriers and constraints : women physicists' perceptions of career progress
Autor/in:
Hodgson, Barbara; Scanlon, Eileen; Whitelegg, Elizabeth
Quelle: Physics education, Vol. 35 (2000) No. 6, S. 454-459
Inhalt: "Researchers in the area of women in science are trying to understand how the participation of women in science can be increased and also what prevents women from developing scientific careers. Past influential work supports the importance of taking the perspective of women's education and career paths as a whole, emphasizing the importance of structural and social factors in career progress. This paper reports some outcomes from an interview study with women PhD physicists working in a variety of science-related careers. Our aim is to explore and document the career experience of women scientists and to identify barriers and constraints to women's participation in science careers and to investigate ways in which educational experiences contribute to career progress." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Naturwissenschaft und Technik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Geschlecht ist (k)ein akademisches Schicksal : universitäre Gleichbehandlung zwischen feministischen Ansprüchen und "Wirklichkeiten"
des Wissenschaftsbetriebes
Inhalt: "Die AutorInnen benennen das theoretische Problem einer schematischen Gleichheit,
das jedem demokratischen System inhärent ist. Dabei gehen die Rechtsphilosophin und
der Professor für Römisches Recht der Frage nach, inwiefern die Gestaltung des Gleichheitsdiskurses
im Recht davon bestimmt ist, ob in einer Gesellschaft festgefügte Gleichheitsvorstellungen
gelten oder ob ein kontroverses Meinungsspektrum die Gleichheitsfrage bestimmt. Während
erstere Auffassung dazu führt, dass jeglicher Anspruch auf Veränderung als fachfremd
behauptet und zur Sache der Politik gemacht wird, hält ein kontroverser Umgang, so
die AutorInnen, die Möglichkeit bereit, eine demokratische Zielvorstellung zu verfolgen
und eine Neubestimmung von Gleichheit vorzunehmen." (Autorenreferat)