Differences in men and women scientists' perceptions of workplace climate
Autor/in:
Gunter, Ramona; Stambach, Amy
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 11 (2005) No. 1, S. 97-116
Inhalt: "The climate of science is often described as 'chilly' toward women and is blamed for women's underrepresentation and slow advancement within science fields. However, evidence of a chilly climate is often indirect. In this study of male and female science faculty members at a major research university, the authors found direct evidence for a chilly climate: A smaller percentage of women than men described their workplace environments in positive terms, and a larger percentage of women than men described uncomfortable, tense, or hostile interactions. Some men and many women said that gender bias might explain women's negative experiences; at the same time, these men and women stated that they could not say for certain that gender bias existed in their departments. Reasons for interviewees' difficulties in identifying and labeling gender bias are discussed." (author's abstract)
Gender writ small : gender enactments and gendered narratives about lab organization and knowledge transmission
in a biomedical engineering research setting
Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 11 (2005) No. 1, S. 61-82
Inhalt: "This article presents qualitative data and offers some innovative theoretical approaches
to frame the analysis of gender in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics
(STEM) settings. It begins with a theoretical discussion of a discursive approach
to gender that captures how gender is lived 'on the ground.' The authors argue for
a less individualistic approach to gender. Data for this research project was gathered
from intensive interviews with lab members and ethnographic observations in a biomedical
engineering lab. Data analysis relied on a mixed methodology involving qualitative
approaches and dialogues with findings from other research traditions. Three themes
are highlighted: lab dynamics in relation to issues of critical mass, the division
of labor, and knowledge transmission. The data illustrate how gender is created in
interactions and is inflected through forms of social organization." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Arbeitswelt und Arbeitsmarkt, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
"Gendered" styles of writing and the "inequality in assessment" hypothesis : an explanation for gender differentiation in first class achievement at university
Autor/in:
Earl-Novell, Sarah
Quelle: International journal of sociology and social policy, Vol. 21 (2001) H. 1/2, S. 160-172
Inhalt: "This paper focuses on the relative underachievement of First Class degrees by women
in the U.K. as compared to their male counterparts. This 'problem' is particularly
prevalent in History, Sociology and English, despite the predominance of women studying
both English and Sociology. Various hypotheses attempt to account for this gender
differentiation in First Class academic achievement but, for the purposes of this
paper, the validity of one hypothesis - the 'inequality in assessment' explanation
- will be tested. The hypothesis suggests that undergraduate writing is 'gendered'
and that male academic work tends to conform to a writing style characterised as bold,
confident and risk-taking whereas the female undergraduate writing style is argued
to be cautious and conscientious (McCrum 1994 and 1996, Martin 1997 and Sutherland
1997). The research involves the quantitative analysis of HESA data and the qualitative
analysis of eleven, in-depth, semi-structured interviews conducted with faculty employed
at Sussex University. My analysis of qualitative data indicates that academics perceive
that undergraduate writing is 'gendered' to a certain extent and that in 'argument-based'
subjects, for example, Sociology, History and English, it is the typically male style
of writing that is rewarded. It is evident also, that in 'fact-based' subjects, for
instance, Law and Economies, academics perceive that neither style of writing offers
an intrinsic advantage, hence what constitutes a First in the 'fact-based' disciplines
differs greatly from the argument-based ones. Analysis of HESA data similarly demonstrates
that for these disciplines there is no gender differentiation in the awarding of First
Classifications." (author's abstract)|
Geschlechterarrangements in der Bundesrepublik : Kontinuität und Wandel
Titelübersetzung:Gender arrangements in the Federal Republic : continuity and change
Autor/in:
Weber, Ulla; Schaeffer-Hegel, Barbara
Quelle: Aus Politik und Zeitgeschichte : Beilage zur Wochenzeitung Das Parlament, (2000) B 31/32, S. 5-10
Inhalt: "Seit die Gleichberechtigung der Geschlechter 1949 in Deutschland als Grundrecht festgeschrieben wurde, hat sich die rechtliche Stellung der Frau entscheidend verbessert. War eine Frau 1949 keine eigenständige Geschäftsperson, sondern in sämtlichen öffentlichen und familiären Fragen von ihrem Ehemann abhängig, stehen Frauen und Männern im Jahr 2000 dieselben Rechte und Pflichten zu. Trotzdem hat sich der Gleichberechtigungsgedanke in der Realität bis heute nicht erfüllt. Die Ursachen der ökonomischen, sozialen und kulturellen Benachteiligungen, denen Frauen ausgesetzt sind, liegen zu einem wesentlichen Teil bei gesetzlichen Regelungen, die Frauen und Männern, spätestens zu dem Zeitpunkt, wenn sie Eltern werden, nahe legen, traditionelle Rollenmuster zu leben." (Autorenreferat)
Geschlecht ist (k)ein akademisches Schicksal : universitäre Gleichbehandlung zwischen feministischen Ansprüchen und "Wirklichkeiten"
des Wissenschaftsbetriebes
Inhalt: "Die AutorInnen benennen das theoretische Problem einer schematischen Gleichheit,
das jedem demokratischen System inhärent ist. Dabei gehen die Rechtsphilosophin und
der Professor für Römisches Recht der Frage nach, inwiefern die Gestaltung des Gleichheitsdiskurses
im Recht davon bestimmt ist, ob in einer Gesellschaft festgefügte Gleichheitsvorstellungen
gelten oder ob ein kontroverses Meinungsspektrum die Gleichheitsfrage bestimmt. Während
erstere Auffassung dazu führt, dass jeglicher Anspruch auf Veränderung als fachfremd
behauptet und zur Sache der Politik gemacht wird, hält ein kontroverser Umgang, so
die AutorInnen, die Möglichkeit bereit, eine demokratische Zielvorstellung zu verfolgen
und eine Neubestimmung von Gleichheit vorzunehmen." (Autorenreferat)