Performance and structures of the German science system in an international comparison 2008
Titelübersetzung:Performance und Strukturen des deutschen Wissenschaftssystems im internationalen Vergleich 2008
Autor/in:
Schmoch, Ulrich; Qu, Wan
Quelle: Expertenkommission Forschung und Innovation; Berlin (Studien zum deutschen Innovationssystem, Nr. 6-2009), 2009. 25 S.
Inhalt: "The scientific capability of a country is an essential basis for its technological performance, which is why this topic has been regularly analyzed for many years in the context of reports on technological performance. The crucial contribution of science to technology development consists in educating highly skilled personnel whose quality depends to a considerable extent on the research capability. It goes without saying that the results of scientific research are also an essential foundation for technical development, whereby the connections between science and industry are frequently of an indirect nature and less obvious, particularly because in many cases a distinct time lag can be observed between activities in science and their impact on technology. Scientific performance is difficult to measure, especially as the structures in the individual disciplines frequently vary distinctly. Statistical analyses of publications by experts have proved to be meaningful, inasmuch as they are conducted with a meticulous regard for methodology. The analyses presented here refer not only to science areas with a close link to technology, but to the natural, life and engineering sciences as a whole. In this context, the number of publications and citations is analyzed as a performance indicator in an international comparison. Furthermore, publications of German enterprises, in particular small and medium-sized enterprises, are analysed in more detail. A special chapter is devoted to scientific publications of catching-up countries. The data for the analysis of scientific performance of Germany in an international comparison were provided in August 2008, the analysis of enterprises and catching-up countries were performed in October 2008." (excerpt)
Does excellence matter? : eine wissenschaftssoziologische Perspektive
Titelübersetzung:Does excellence matter? : a science sociology perspective
Autor/in:
Wagner, Gerhard
Quelle: Soziologie : Forum der Deutschen Gesellschaft für Soziologie, Jg. 36 (2007) H. 1, S. 7-20
Inhalt: "Exzellenz ist der Schlüsselbegriff der europäischen Wissenschaftspolitik. Exzellenz-Initiativen sollen Wissenschaftler und wissenschaftliche Institutionen, die Spitzenleistungen in Forschung und Lehre erbringen, fördern und zur weiteren Leistungsoptimierung vernetzen. Die Kritieren wissenschaftlicher Exzellenz sind allerdings nicht verbindlich definiert. Studien zeigen, dass Reputation im Wissenschaftsbetrieb nicht nur auf wissenschaftlichen Leistungen, sondern auch auf sozialem Kapital beruht. Daraus folgt die Frage, ob die Exzellenznetzwerke und Clusters wirklich die leistungsstärksten Akteure integrieren, sodass ihnen der Status wissenschaftlicher Exzellenz nach herkömmlichem Verständnis zu Recht zukommt; oder ob sich nicht eher sozialkapitalträchtige Gruppen unter dem Etikett der Exzellenz reproduzieren, die dadurch zu einer bloßen Metapher gerät." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "The term excellence is the key concept of the European science policy. The research funding is supposed to focus on the strengthening of excellence as well as on its integration into networks and clusters. However, one seems to presuppose the criteria of excellence as self-explanatory. Studies show that scientific reputation not only grounds on outstanding achievements in research and teaching but also on social capital. This raises the question, whether networks and clusters of excellence really integrate the scientifically best scientists. It is also possible that groups with a remarkable amount of social capital reproduce themselves under the cover 'excellence'. Hence, scientific excellence would be nothing more than a metaphor." (author's abstract)
Impact assessment of the Marie Curie fellowships under the 4th and 5th Framework Programmes of Research and Technological Development of the EU (1994-2002)
Autor/in:
Sande, Daphne van de; Ackers, Helen Louise; Gill, Bryony
Quelle: Europäische Kommission; Brüssel, 2005. IX, 86 S.
Waste of talents: turning private struggles into a public issue : women and science in the Enwise countries ; a report to the European Commission from the Enwise Expert Group on women scientists in the Central and Eastern European countries and in the Baltic States
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Wissenschaftspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Women and science : review of the situation in Germany
Autor/in:
Hadulla-Kuhlmann, Christina; Hartung, Barbara
Quelle: Generaldirektion Forschung Direktion L Wissenschaft, Wirtschaft und Gesellschaft; Brüssel (National reports on the situation of women in science in Europe / Helsinki group on
woman and science), 2002. 8 S.
Schlagwörter:Wissenschaftspolitik; Frauenforschung; Europa