Wissenschaftliche Karrieren von Frauen an türkischen Universitäten
Titelübersetzung:Scientific careers of women at Turkish universities
Autor/in:
Bradatsch, Christiane; Neusel, Ayla
Quelle: Vergleichende Hochschulforschung: eine Zwischenbilanz. Themenband 2. Barbara M. Kehm (Hrsg.), Ulrich Teichler (Hrsg.). Kassel: Jenior u. Pressler (Werkstattberichte / Universität Kassel, Wissenschaftliches Zentrum für Berufs- und Hochschulforschung), 1996, S. 117-135
Inhalt: Die Autorinnen berichten über eine Fallstudie, die die wissenschaftlichen Karrieren von Frauen an türkischen Hochschulen zum Gegenstand hat. Zu den etablierten Befunden und Erklärungsmustern der deutschen Frauenforschung über die Unterrepräsentanz von Wissenschaftlerinnen an Hochschulen und die Gründe dafür, passen die Befunde zur Repräsentanz von Frauen an türkischen Hochschulen nicht. Der Anteil der Professorinnen in der Türkei liegt bei 25 Prozent und Frauen sind besonders stark an den Eliteuniversitäten vertreten. Die horizontale und vertikale Segregation der Geschlechter beim Zugang zu einzelnen Fächern und zu hochrangigen wissenschaftlichen Positionen ist in der Türkei weit weniger deutlich ausgeprägt als in Deutschland. Angesichts dieser überraschenden Befunde suchen die Autorinnen nach Erklärungsmustern und Gründen für die starke Repräsentanz von Frauen im türkischen Hochschulsystem. Dabei werden historisch-politische Faktoren, die strukturellen Bedingungen des türkischen Bildungssystems sowie externe gesellschaftliche Faktoren berücksichtigt. (ICE)
Scientific careers : universalism and particularism
Autor/in:
Long, J. Scott; Fox, Mary Frank
Quelle: Annual review of sociology, Vol. 21 (1995) , S. 45-71
Inhalt: Science is an institution with immense inequality in career attainments. Women and
most minorities, as groups, have lower levels of participation, position, productivity,
and recognition than do white men. Research in the sociology of science has focused
on the degree to which different outcomes have resulted from universalistic and from
particularistic processes. In this paper we 1) depict the career attainments of women
and minorities in science, 2) consider the meaning and measurement of universalism
compared to particularism, 3) analyze the causes of differential attainment with a
view to assessing evidence for violations of universalism, 4) propose conditions under
which particularism is likely to occur, and 5) consider methodological problems that
affect this research." (author's abstract)|
CEWS Kategorie:Geschlechterverhältnis, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
The origins of sex differences in science
Autor/in:
Long, J. Scott
Quelle: Social forces : an international journal of social research associated with the Southern Sociological Society, Vol. 68 (1990) No. 4, S. 1297-1315
Inhalt: "The sociology of science has clearly established the presence of sex differences in scientific productivity and position. This article examines the processes leading to the lower productivity of female scientists at the completion of their doctoral training. Collaboration with the mentor is found to be the most important factor affecting productivity. For females, opportunities for collaboration are significantly decreased by having young children. As a consequence, the presence of young children has an adverse, indirect effect on the productivity of female scientists during graduate study. This effect does not exist for males. In addition to differences in the process of collaboration, many small differences that disadvantage women and advantage men are found in the levels of resources affecting productivity and in the mechanisms by which resources are translated into productivity. The concentration of small disadvantages provides a further explanation of sex differences in productivity at the start of the career. Since early advantages and disadvantages have been found to accumulate, this article provides an essential first step in understanding sex differences in scientific productivity and position that emerge during the career." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Die Beteiligung der Frau an der Wissenschaft
Autor/in:
Adolphs, Lotte
Quelle: Duisburg: W. Braun, 1981. 112 S.
Schlagwörter:Wissenschaftlerin; Hochschulwesen
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Women in science: why so few?
Autor/in:
Rossi, Alice S.
Quelle: Science, Vol. 148 (1965) No. 3674, S. 1196-1202
Inhalt: "American society has prided itself on its concern for the fullest development of each individual's creative potential. As a nation, we have become sensitive to the social handicaps of race and class but have remained quite insensitive to those imposed because of sex. Those women who have entered the top professional fields have had to have extraordinary motivation, thick skins, exceptional ability, and some unusual pattern of socialization in order to reach their occupational destinations. In their backgrounds one is likely to find a professional mother, an unusually supportive father, or dedicated and stimulating teachers." (author's abstract)