Chancengleichheit der Geschlechter? Der Zusammenhang von Geschlecht, Elternschaft und Weiterbildungsteilnahme
Autor/in:
Friebel, Harry
Quelle: DIE Zeitschrift für Erwachsenenbildung, (2014) 2, S 45-48
Inhalt: Der Autor geht der Frage nach, ob die Chancengleichheit der Geschlechter in der Weiterbildungsteilnahme erreicht wurde. Er geht davon aus, dass diese sich nur beantworten lässt, wenn die lebens- und arbeitsweltlichen Kontexte der Menschen als biografische Regulative der Weiterbildungsbeteiligung berücksichtig werden. Als empirische Datengrundlage dient die Längsschnittstudie "Hamburger Biografie- und Lebenslaufpanel" (HBLP), deren Befunde über den Zusammenhang von Geschlecht, Elternschaft und Weiterbildungsteilnahme in der Tradition der Lebenslaufforschung diskutiert werden.
Schlagwörter:Weiterbildung; further education; Bildungsverhalten; education behavior; Bildungsbeteiligung; participation in education; gender-specific factors; Chancengleichheit; equal opportunity; Elternschaft; parenthood; Familienarbeit; family work; Familie-Beruf; work-family balance; Lebenslauf; life career; Federal Republic of Germany
SSOAR Kategorie:Bildungswesen quartärer Bereich, Berufsbildung, Bildungs- und Erziehungssoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
A Genderless Protest: Women Confronting Romanian Communism
Autor/in:
Petrescu, Cristina
Quelle: Annals of the University of Bucharest / Political science series, 16 (2014) 2, S 79-101
Inhalt: Far from accomplishing its utopian plans of transforming society, communism did not turn gender equality into a reality either. This paper moves beyond the common-place approaches that simply underline the failures of this political system and presumes that women experienced communism in very diverse and often ambiguous ways, for public and private roles conflicted more often than not. From among the few individuals who dared to articulate critical thoughts on Romanian communism prior to its collapse of 1989, the present paper recuperates the experience of three women. Members of the urban educated elite, they believed nonetheless in different values and pursued different strategies of expressing discontent with the regime. These female critics of the communist system went beyond personal or group interests, but among the issues of public concern they raised none belonged to a feminist agenda. Yet, these women acted as if gender equality was a reality in Ceauşescu’s Romania: they considered themselves the equal partners of like-minded men, while their male peers accepted them as such, for equalitarian perceptions of genders shaped the public roles assumed by non-conformist Romanian intellectuals. The example of these three women does not prove that communism succeeded in redefining the status of women, but it illustrates how the urban educated social group experienced gender relations then. No feminists in thinking, these three women were so in their behavior. Their criticism of Ceauşescu’s communism was genderless, but it nonetheless strengthened the idea that women are no less than men.
Schlagwörter:Feminismus; feminism; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Widerstand; resistance; kulturelle Vielfalt; cultural diversity; woman; Dissident; dissident; Kommunismus; communism; sozialer Wandel; social change; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Rumänien; Romania
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur
Gender differences within the German-language Wikipedia
Titelübersetzung:Les différences entre les sexes au sein du projet Wikipédia en allemand
Autor/in:
Sichler, Almut; Prommer, Elizabeth
Quelle: ESSACHESS - Journal for Communication Studies, 7 (2014) 2, S 77-93
Inhalt: The Wikipedia project constitutes the currently most-used and most comprehensive online encyclopedia in the world (Schneider, 2008, p. 35) and is advertising itself as free and open for everyone, and in terms of an encyclopedia as diverse and balanced at all levels. But from a gender perspective there is a huge discrepancy in sex ratio within Wikipedia’s community. In 2005, researchers at University of Würzburg found that women constitute only 10 % of German-language Wikipedia authors (Schroer&Hertel, 2009, p. 104). This fact leads to the presumption, that Wikipedia’s reflection of the world mediates and interprets a mainly male conception of the world and thus displays an inequality with reference to modern society. Proceeding from the assumption that women and men have different communication behaviours as well as different perceptions and interpretations of communication in almost all aspects of social interaction including e.g. conversational strategies, conflict management and negotiation skills, we hypothesize that these different ways of communication significantly affect the motivation of female Wikipedia contributors.
Schlagwörter:gender relations; Kommunikationsverhalten; Geschlechterverhältnis; Wikipedia; Netzgemeinschaft; communication behavior; internet community; Wikipedia; Web 2.0; web 2.0; gender-specific factors
SSOAR Kategorie:Kommunikationssoziologie, Sprachsoziologie, Soziolinguistik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Medieninhalte, Aussagenforschung
“I loved her so much, but I killed her”: Romantic love as a representational frame for intimate partner femicide in three Italian newspapers
Titelübersetzung:"Je l’aimais tellement que je l’ai tuée": L’amour romantique comme cadre de la représentation du fémicide par le parte- naire dans la presse italienne
Autor/in:
Gius, Chiara; Lalli, Pina
Quelle: ESSACHESS - Journal for Communication Studies, 7 (2014) 2, S 53-75
Inhalt: Ce n’est que depuis une trentaine d’années que la loi italienne ne contemple
plus les « crimes d’honneur », c’est-à-dire la reconnaissance de circonstances
atténuantes pour les meurtres commis par les hommes sur leur femme adultère. Pour
comprendre si le changement de la légitimation socio-culturelle dans le sens commun
va de pair avec le changement de la loi, on a donc considéré d’intérêt analyser
dans la presse nationale les récits récents des fémicides, en se focalisant sur ceux
qui ont été commis en 2012. A partir de la littérature scientifique sur ce thème, cet
étude décrit la manière de raconter 53 cas de fémicides engageant la partenaire, dans
166 articles publiés par trois des principaux journaux italiens. En conduisant une
analyse thématique transversale des articles, on a identifié dans l’amour romantique
le cadrage principal par lequel la presse essaye de trouver des explications cernées
comme les plus compréhensibles pour ses lecteurs. Ces sont la perte de contrôle à la
suite de discussions, voire la peur de perdre l’objet d’amour par jalousie ou séparation,
qui résultent les explications les plus souvent invoquées. Ces « causes » apparaissent
contingentes et de pertinence individuelle; de plus, elles ne méritent pas -
dans les articles de presse analysés - l’évocation d’une quelque asymétrie structurelle
d’où il puisse ressortir, par exemple, la mise en question du droit de contrôle
masculin, alors qu’il est souvent montré comme stratégiquement poursuivi et tacitement
censé allant de soi. On relève donc un discours social où la contingence individuelle
d’une « perte de contrôle » descendant de l’amour romantique semble représenter
le fémicide comme un crime qu’on ne peut pas prévenir ni prévoir.
Inhalt: In Italy law has accepted “honour crimes” perpetrated by men until little more than 30 years ago. As cultural dimensions are often slower to change, it is interesting to analyze the capacity to account for femicides in the press in a period in which the topic has become more and more relevant all over Europe. Building on existing literature, this study explores how three major Italian newspapers frame crimes of intimate partner femicide. Using 166 articles published in 2012, the authors examine - by a thematic analysis conducted along different items - which aspects are conveyed by the news to account for the 53 intimate partner femicides reported in the press in this period. Findings suggest that while Italian news media heavily rely on narratives of love and passion to frame intimate partner homicide, a social discourse justifying the “loss of control” it is also used to sustain representation of femicides as crimes impossible to be prevented or predicted.
Socialization and gendered biographical agency in a multicultural migration context: the life history of a young Moroccan woman in Germany
Autor/in:
Al-Rebholz, Anil
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 79-96
Inhalt: "In light of the challenges of globalization, hybridization of cultures, and transnational migration movements worldwide, some central deficits of socialization theory have been identified. As a response to these challenges, the necessity of developing 'biographical socialization research' and a 'subject-oriented socialization theory' are underlined. In this paper, the notion of 'biographical agency', embedded in the social and temporal context of biographies, is proposed to overcome shortcomings of the theories of socialization. Drawing on the concepts of biographical knowledge, biographical work and biographical reflexivity, biographical research can show how individuals develop biographical agency and engage in meaningful social actions within their life courses under the conditions of globalization. On the basis of Samira's case, I will point out the kinds of multiple exclusion/ inclusion mechanisms that operate in multicultural societies, mechanisms produced both by majority and minority groups, and how daughters of migrants can acquire biographical resources through their socialization in multicultural contexts to struggle against hierarchical gender norms, conflicting expectations, and restrictive social sites as well as enlarge their sphere of action." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; internationale Wanderung; international migration; Globalisierung; globalization; Transkulturalität; cross-culturality; multikulturelle Gesellschaft; multicultural society; Sozialisation; socialization; Biographie; biography; gender-specific factors; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Identität; identity; Religiosität; religiousness; Migrant; migrant; zweite Generation; second generation; woman; Muslim; Muslim; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; parent-child relationship; Federal Republic of Germany; biographische Methode; biographical method; Forschungsansatz; research approach; Subjektivierung; subjectivation; Intersektionalität; intersectionality; gender norms; biographical resources; multiple belongings
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Soziologie von Gesamtgesellschaften, Forschungsarten der Sozialforschung
Remnant "Family": the role of women in the media discourse on families
Titelübersetzung:La famille rémanente: le rôle des femmes dans le discours des médias sur les familles
Autor/in:
Tank, Jennifer; Prinzing, Marlis
Quelle: ESSACHESS - Journal for Communication Studies, 7 (2014) 2, S 95-117
Inhalt: How does gender affect discourse processes, particularly regarding the coverage of family issues? In order to explore this question, we focus on media representations of women in their roles as mothers on the one hand and journalists on the other and we compare the reporting of male and female journalists covering families. We refer to gender theory to examine processes of gender construction by different actors in the media and we draw on journalism theory to explain different reporting styles and strategies by male and female authors regarding discourse strategies, framing, and gender-stereotyping. Our methodological approaches include quantitative and qualitative content analyses and 14 semi-structured interviews with journalists, family researchers, and lobbyists. The sample includes coverage of families in general and that of large families in particular in German print media in the years 2011 and 2012, for a total of 1,100 texts. One of the key findings, not surprisingly, is that most of the journalists reporting on families are female. Similar to male journalists, however, they focus on the traditional family type despite the fact that various alternative forms of family life are now a social reality.
"Send pretty girls to the White House": the role of gender in journalists - politicians' interactions
Titelübersetzung:"Envoyez les jolies filles à la Maison Blanche": le rôle du genre dans les interactions des journalistes avec les politiques
Autor/in:
Voronova, Liudmila
Quelle: ESSACHESS - Journal for Communication Studies, 7 (2014) 2, S 145-171
Inhalt: Interrelations between politics and media are often described as a power-play, a rumba or even a danse macabre, and the key question of political communication is “who leads and who follows” in the “power-play between politicians and journalists” (Ross, 2010, p. 274). As today “[m]eaning, media and politics become blurred, but arguably in highly gendered ways” (Holmes, 2007, p. 12), gender inevitably enters the discussion of the journalists – politicians’ interactions. Based on interviews with 40 Russian and Swedish political reporters working for the “quality” press, this paper discusses the role of gender as a social practice (Löfgren Nilsson, 2010) in journalists – politicians’ communication in different political and cultural contexts, which Russia and Sweden represent. The paper answers the following questions: Do journalists perceive the interrelations with politicians as gendered? Do they use gendered interrelations strategically to acquire information efficiently? How do the gendered political communication practices differ dependent on the political and cultural context?
Schlagwörter:Russia; Sweden; journalist; Schweden; Berichterstattung; Journalist; gender-specific factors; politische Kommunikation; political communication; Russland; reporting
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Kommunikatorforschung, Journalismus
