Educational attainment and gender differences in work-life balance for couples across Europe: a contextual perspective
Autor/in:
Kromydas, Theocharis
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 8 (2020) 4, S 8-22
Inhalt: The current article aims to explain the interrelationships between the educational attainment of individuals living in households with heterosexual partners, their work–life balance (WLB) and the macro-economic climate of the country they live in, using data from the European Social Survey. WLB is a complex concept, as it is not only determined by factors related to someone’s employment or domestic work and childcare responsibilities, but also by decisions informed by personal experiences and circumstances, subjective perceptions and preferences. Moreover, in households with cohabiting partners, this decision-making process involves certain compromises where financial incentives, interests, gender and power dynamics play an important role. Since educational attainment is positively related to labour market outcomes, such as employment and wages, while at the same time more women are participating in education and the labour market, the gender conflict on the division of work and time within households intensifies and traditional gender roles are challenged. WLB is at the heart of this conflict operating as a mechanism through which division of work and time is reconciled on the individual and household level. Results from the current article reveal great heterogeneity between the 17 European countries examined. Perhaps surprisingly, educational attainment can have a detrimental effect on the WLB of spouses and cohabiting partners, especially for women whose level of WLB seems also more sensitive to fluctuations of the macro-economic climate of the country they live in. However, there is an indication that when an economy goes into recession, higher education has a cushioning effect on female’s WLB compared to relatively better economic times.
Language and discourse in Nigerian education: historic implication of gender issues
Autor/in:
Offiong, Ekwutosi Essien
Quelle: Society Register, 3 (2019) 4, S 37-56
Inhalt: This paper examines the influence and power of language in education in Nigeria from the precolonial to colonial and post-colonial times. This is with regards to the effect of language on gender issues within the country. Nigeria, a country on the west coast of Africa is multi-ethnic with over 150 (one hundred and fifty) ethnic groups with their different indigenous languages and cultures. As a colony of the British, the Christian missionaries who first introduced western form of education in Nigeria used the British English language as a medium of communication and subsequently with the establishment of colonial administration in the country, English language was made the official language of the country. This paper contains a critical analysis of the use of English Language in the country and its implications on communication in social and economic interactions of individuals within the various communities across the country. It argues that the proliferation of the English language was through education of which the male gender benefitted more than their female counterparts due to the patriarchal dominance in the country. The data for the study was collated from random interviews and other written sources. The research discovered that the knowledge and ability to speak fluently and write the English language had a direct influence on the socio-political and economic status of individuals within the country. The women who benefitted from this were comparatively fewer than the men due to some prevailing conditions of what could be called in the present the subjugation of women the society. Critical discourse analysis is adopted for this study. It argues that English language dependency by Nigerians shows that forms of the colonial experience is still evident and these were all initiated during the past interactions with west through the transatlantic slave trade and colonial rule. This is because discourse as a social construct is created and perpetuated by the persons who have the language power and means of communication. The Nigerian family being of a conservative orientation derives its power directly from the father who is the patriarch of the family as obtained in the traditional set up of communities and the Nigerian society in general. This has grave effect on the opposite gender.
Schlagwörter:gender; Nigeria; Nigeria; communication; englische Sprache; Kommunikation; Diskurs; discourse; English language; Keywords; english language; power; education; gender; communication; discourse
SSOAR Kategorie:Kommunikationssoziologie, Sprachsoziologie, Soziolinguistik, Makroebene des Bildungswesens, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
How gender conscious pedagogy in higher education can stimulate actions of social justice in society
Autor/in:
Witt, Ann-Katrin; Cuesta, Marta
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 2 (2014) 1, S 12-23
Inhalt: In order to reflect about methods that can generate social justice and democratization, this article emphasises on practical implementations, connected to gender conscious pedagogy. Gender conscious pedagogy aims at overcoming the myth of objectivity, and by questioning through teaching what is considered as common sense and "normal". This entails acting and reflecting on breakthroughs, for example about an understanding of how gender codes influence everyday instances as well as working life. The collected data is based on narratives from alumni students who were asked to memorise and reflect on their gender studies and particularly about how useful this type of knowledge is in connection with everyday and working life - as politician, lecturer, IT-manager, doctoral student etc. The aim of this article is to focus on how teachers support students to be gender confident and as a consequence of that, becoming gender actors outside the university, in working life. Some central questions are: how are gender issues represented and integrated in the different areas of studies; what can teachers do in order to generate equality in the classroom; in what way and how are students given possibilities of understanding, internalizing and discussing gender issues.
Schlagwörter:Bildung; gender studies; gender; pedagogics; Gleichstellung; education; Arbeitswelt; Demokratie; Gender; social justice; democracy; Geschlechterforschung; Pädagogik; soziale Gerechtigkeit; affirmative action; world of work
SSOAR Kategorie:Makroebene des Bildungswesens, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
"Ich denk nicht, dass meine Jungs einen typischen Mädchenberuf ergreifen würden": intersektionale Perspektiven auf Fremd- und Selbstrepräsentationen von Jungen in der Jungenarbeit
Titelübersetzung:"I don't think my boys would choose a typical female career path": intersectional perspectives on boys' self-images and their perception by pedagogic professionals
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 3 (2011) 3, S 119-127
Inhalt: "Seit einiger Zeit richtet sich die pädagogische Aufmerksamkeit verstärkt auf Jungen, entsprechende Projekte zur Jungenpädagogik sind mittlerweile implementiert. Gestützt auf qualitative Daten aus einer Studie zu Wirkungsweisen von Jungenpädagogik diskutiert der Beitrag Divergenzen in den Fremd- und Selbstrepräsentationen von Jungen in sprachlich geäußerten Einstellungen und Praktiken. Es zeigt sich, dass die Fremdrepräsentationen der pädagogischen Professionellen wie auch ihre Didaktik und Methodik eher von stereotypen Sichtweisen geprägt sind. Bei Jungen hingegen lässt sich sowohl auf der praxeologischen Handlungsebene als auch in der Praxisreflexion eine erhebliche Ausdifferenzierung feststellen." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "For some time now, pedagogic attention has increasingly focused on boys and projects specifically aimed at them have been implemented. Based on qualitative research on the modus operandi of pedagogy for boys, this article discusses differences between the boys' self-images and their perception by education professionals as expressed in attitudes and practices. It can be shown that pedagogic professionals tend to have a stereotypical image of boys, which dominates their didactic approach and methodology. In contrast, there is a wide variety in both the boys' practices and their reflections on them." (author's abstract)
Intersektionale Perspektiven auf Care in Frankreich: methodologische Überlegungen zu migrantischer Sorgearbeit in der feministischen Wohlfahrtsstaatsforschung
Titelübersetzung:Intersectional perspective on care in France: a methodological consideration on migrant's care work in feminist welfare state research
Autor/in:
Beckmann, Sabine
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 3 (2011) 3, S 24-38
Inhalt: "Despite comprehensive care facilities in France, families rely on migrant care work to reconcile work and family life. This paper highlights this phenomenon and pursues two objectives: From an intersectional perspective I discuss how migrant care work is specifically connected to the categories of gender, class, and racelmigration and how it is embedded in the frameworks of the welfare state. Intersectional analysis reveals the construction of power relations and the establishment of hierarchical differences through the actions of the welfare state. Drawing on a normative analysis of care makes it possible to evaluate the care regime in France. For this purpose, principles have been evolved from the inclusive citizenship, sociability, and capabilities approach." (author's abstract)
Quelle: Statistisches Monatsheft Baden-Württemberg, (2010) 6, S 14-18
Schlagwörter:Mädchen; girl; Junge; boy; Schulerfolg; school success; Einschulung; school enrollment; gender-specific factors; Schulabschluss; school graduation; Schulart; school type; gender; Realschule; intermediate school; Grundschule; primary school; Gymnasium; secondary school (Gymnasium); Baden-Württemberg; Baden-Württemberg; Federal Republic of Germany
SSOAR Kategorie:Bildungs- und Erziehungssoziologie, Makroebene des Bildungswesens, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung