Intergenerational transmissions in transnational families and national affiliations
Autor/in:
Delcroix, Catherine; Lagier, Elsa
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 25-38
Inhalt: "This article explains and illustrates the method of family histories, reconstructed from crossed biographical interviews of different members of the same family. This methodology allows for the collection of fine and precious data in order to try to understand the complexity of the dynamics of intergenerational transmissions and the construction of national affiliations of immigrants' descendants. It shows how continuously shifting family relationships underlie creativity in parenting strategies. In addition, this approach can circumvent some specific barriers to the study of immigrant families, who often speak uneasily with researchers. This methodology helps us to avoid reification of static identities." (author's abstract)
Intergenerational transmission of trajectories of suffering in precarious environments: researching the younger generations' strategies of reinterpretation
Autor/in:
Chaieb, Sarra; Schwarz, Christoph H.
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 57-77
Inhalt: "This article discusses some pivotal questions regarding processes of the intergenerational transmission of trajectories of suffering in precarious places: to what extent can such processes provide resources that foster agency, and to what extent do they rather constitute barriers to living one's own life? How much do intergenerational relations allow for certain reinterpretations while discouraging or inhibiting others? Which reinterpretations of the older generations' experiences appear legitimate in certain contexts, and which are rebuked by one's social environment? In order to pursue these questions we present analyses of two very different cases that are based on two forms of data material - the life story of Emma, a woman in her 50s, and ethno-analytic group interviews with adolescents aged 14 to 20. Both cases are embedded in very different regional and political contexts: the former, in the French system of fostering institutions, and the latter a Palestinian refugee camp in the West Bank. Both constitute, however, cases of intergenerational transmission of trajectories of suffering. One objective of this article is to illustrate how the contrasting of such cases across different kinds of data and contexts can be heuristically useful for methodologically gauging the spectrum of the ubiquitous and sometimes paradoxical phenomena of intergenerational transmission, in order to further develop its conceptualization." (author's abstract)
The impact of method bias on the cross-cultural comparability in face-to-face surveys among ethnic minorities
Autor/in:
Kappelhof, Joost W. S.
Quelle: Methods, data, analyses : a journal for quantitative methods and survey methodology (mda), 8 (2014) 1, S 79-118
Inhalt: "This article investigates the impact of several sources of method bias on the cross-cultural comparison of attitudes towards gender roles and family ties among non-Western minority ethnic groups. In particular, it investigates how interviewer effects, the use of an interviewer with a shared ethnic background, interview language, interviewer gender, gender matching, the presence of others during the interview and differences in socio-demographic sample composition of non-Western minority ethnic groups affect the cross-cultural comparison of attitudes towards gender roles and family ties between these groups. The data used in this study come from a large scale face-to face survey conducted among the four largest non-Western minority ethnic groups in The Netherlands for which Statistics Netherlands drew a random sample of named individuals from each of the four largest non-Western minority populations living in The Netherlands. Furthermore, methods are introduced to estimate the potential impact of method bias on cross cultural comparisons. The results show that measurement of both gender roles and family ties constructs are full scalar invariant across the different ethnic groups, but that observed differences in attitudes between ethnic groups especially towards gender roles are influenced by method bias. This in turn leads to biased comparisons between ethnic groups because of differences in the size of the various sources of method bias, the differential impact of the same method bias between ethnic groups and the combination thereof." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:ethnische Gruppe; ethnic group; Minderheit; minority; Befragung; survey; Interview; interview; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Familie; family; Niederlande; Netherlands; soziale Integration; social integration; kulturelle Integration; cultural integration; interkultureller Vergleich; intercultural comparison; Forschungsreaktivität; reactivity effect; Antwortverhalten; response behavior; Umfrageforschung; survey research; methods bias; non-Western ethnic minorities; incomparability of samples; multi group Mimic
SSOAR Kategorie:Erhebungstechniken und Analysetechniken der Sozialwissenschaften
Sozial erwünschtes Antwortverhalten bezüglich der Teilung häuslicher Arbeit: die Interaktion von Interviewergeschlecht und Befragtenmerkmalen in Telefoninterviews
Titelübersetzung:Social desirability and response bias in case of the division of household labour: the interaction between gender of the interviewer and respondent characteristics in telephone interviews
Autor/in:
Klein, Markus; Kühhirt, Michael
Quelle: Methoden, Daten, Analysen (mda), 4 (2010) 2, S 79-104
Inhalt: "Der Beitrag untersucht den Einfluss des Interviewergeschlechts auf das Antwortverhalten von Befragten bezüglich der Teilung häuslicher Arbeit in telefonischen Interviews. Aufgrund einer Diskrepanz zwischen öffentlich vertretenen egalitären Geschlechterrollen und der noch immer geringen männlichen Beteiligung an der Hausarbeit wird auf Basis von Rational-Choice Argumenten erwartet, dass männliche Befragte bei weiblichen Interviewern sozial erwünscht antworten und ihre Beteiligung an der Hausarbeit überschätzen. Dagegen ist anzunehmen, dass Frauen ihren relativen Anteil an der partnerschaftlichen Hausarbeit eher unterschätzen. Interviewereffekte des Geschlechts sollten bei weiblichen Befragten jedoch geringer ausfallen als bei Männern. Da sich vor allem junge bzw. gebildete Befragte egalitärer Rollenvorstellungen bewusst sind, sollten vor allem diese Gruppen anfällig für derartige Interviewereffekte sein. Für männliche Befragte entsprechen die Ergebnisse weitestgehend den Erwartungen, wobei das Interviewergeschlecht in Abhängigkeit vom Alter des Befragten die stärkeren Effekte zeigt. Für weibliche Befragte zeigen sich über alle Altersgruppen und Bildungsabschlüsse dagegen keine signifikanten Effekte. Die Ergebnisse verdeutlichen, dass sozial erwünschtes Antwortverhalten auch bei Auskünften über konkretes Alltagshandeln auftreten kann. Hinzu kommt eine beträchtliche Heterogenität der Effekte über unterschiedliche Bevölkerungsgruppen." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "In this paper the authors examine the impact of the interviewer's gender on respondents' self-reported share of housework in telephone interviews. Due to a discrepancy between modern, egalitarian gender roles dominating public discussion and men's marginal participation in housework they expect male respondents to answer in a socially desirable way and exaggerate their share of housework vis à vis female interviewers. At the same time, they assume that female respondents underreport their contribution to the couple's housework to female interviewers. The effects of the interviewer's gender should be less strong in case of female respondents than in case of male respondents, though. Additionally, theory suggests that young and educated respondents are particularly susceptible to effects of the interviewer's gender as they are most aware of egalitarian gender roles due to their socialization and environment. For male respondents the results are largely consistent with the expectations. However, the effect of the interviewer's gender varies stronger by age than by education. Regarding female respondents the results do not indicate any significant effects across age groups and educational degrees. Overall, the results show that social desirability may also bias self-reports of everyday behaviour. Moreover, interviewer effects vary considerably between different social groups." (author's abstract)
Optimal-Matching-Technik: ein Analyseverfahren zur Vergleichbarkeit und Ordnung individuell differenter Lebensverläufe
Titelübersetzung:Optimum matching technique: an analysis method for comparing and classifying different individual life courses
Autor/in:
Erzberger, Christian; Prein, Gerald
Quelle: ZUMA Nachrichten, 21 (1997) 40, S 52-80
Inhalt: 'Die zunehmende Heterogenität von Lebens- und Erwerbsverläufen führt bei quantitativ erhobenen, am Längsschnitt orientierten Daten zu dem Problem, mögliche, hinter diesen Verläufen liegende Ordnungsmuster erkennen zu können. Mit 'Optimal-Matching', einem Verfahren der Mustererkennung, das etwa in der Gentechnik angewandt wird, steht ein Instrument zur Verfügung, das in der Lage ist, Unterschiede zwischen Personen hinsichtlich des Musters von Verläufen, das heißt der Lage und Abfolge von Erwerbssequenzen zu ermitteln. Auf dieser Grundlage können Personen mit ähnlichen Mustern zu Gruppen zusammengeführt werden. Anhand eines empirischen Beispiels werden mit dem Verfahren des 'Optimal-Matching' Erwerbsverläufe von Männern und Frauen in Abhängigkeit von familialen Verpflichtungen betrachtet. Dabei zeigt sich zum einen, daß generell noch immer die Geburt von Kindern der entscheidende Faktor für die geschlechtsspezifisch unterschiedliche Erwerbsbeteiligung ist, zum anderen aber können gemischtgeschlechtliche Gruppen mit je spezifischen Verlaufsmustern identifiziert werden, die diese traditionelle Trennung sprengen.' (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: 'Due to the increasing heterogeneity of peoples' life courses and occupational biographies it is more and more difficult to analyse life course patterns in quantitative longitudinal datasets. 'Optimal-Matching', a technique employed in biological research, is an analytical instrument that facilitates the discovery of life course patterns by comparing the position and order of sequences of life course events. Occupational biographies of women and men were compared with 'Optimal-Matching' by means of an empirical example with respect to their family obligations. It becomes obvious that the birth of children is still the dividing element between men and women in respect of their labour market participation. On the other hand, it is possible to find groups with non-traditional life course patterns, groups of people trying to practice new life course arrangements.' (author's abstract)|