Wissenschaftliche Karriere und Kinder : Ein Überblick über die staatlichen Regelungen und Unterstützungen
Autor/in:
Noack, Sascha Sven
Quelle: Forschung & Lehre, 24 (2017) 10, S 902–903
Inhalt: Der Weg auf eine Professur in Deutschland ist ohne Tenure Track lang und unsicher. Die Länge und das Unsicherheitsrisiko erhöhen sich noch, wenn Wissenschaftler Kinder haben. Was sind die Rahmenbedingungen für die Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Kindern? Eine Übersicht.
Schlagwörter:Kind; Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf; wissenschaftliche Karriere
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf
Die Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Familie in Deutschland : Bestandsaufnahme aus Sicht von Hochschulen und Nachwuchsforschenden
Autor/in:
Krempkow, René; Sembritzki, Thomas
Quelle: Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 39 (2017) 2, S 102–123
Inhalt: Der Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft und das Deutsche Zentrum für Hochschul- und Wissenschaftsforschung (DZHW) führten im Jahr 2015 Erhebungen zur Personalentwicklung für den wissenschaftlichen Nachwuchs durch, die einen Themenschwerpunkt zur Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Familie enthielten. Zunehmende Relevanz und wissenschaftspolitische Thematisierung kommen diesem Schwerpunkt aufgrund eines sich verstärkenden Wettbewerbs um die besten Nach - wuchsforschenden – auch mit Unternehmen der Privatwirtschaft – zu. Schwierigkeiten mit der Vereinbarkeit von Wissenschaft und Familie spielen bei Nachwuchsforschen - den eine deutlich stärkere Rolle als Grund für einen angestrebten Wechsel in die Wirtschaft als noch vor einigen Jahren. In der Privatwirtschaft bilden Maßnahmen zur Vereinbarkeit von Familie und Beruf bereits eine der wichtigsten und erfolgreichsten Rekrutierungsstrategien. Mit diesem Beitrag wird erstmals eine bundesweite Bestands - aufnahme zu entsprechenden Maßnahmen und Angeboten aus der Perspektive sowohl von Wissenschaftseinrichtungen als auch von Nachwuchsforschenden vorgelegt. (Autorenreferat)
Schlagwörter:Familie; Hochschule; Nachwuchsforschende; Vereinbarkeit Familie und Beruf
Doing Neoliberalism on Campus : The Vulnerability of Gender Equality Mechanisms in Estonian Academia
Autor/in:
Aavik, Kadri
Quelle: GV/GR (Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research), 18 (2017) 1, S 130–153
Inhalt: This paper explores the construction of a gendered neoliberal rationality in post-socialist academic settings. Drawing on interviews conducted with key stakeholders in four major Estonian universities, I trace how three key gender equality policy measures are conceptualised – quotas, workplace flexibility, and the involvement of men in efforts towards gender equality. The findings suggest that Estonian academic stakeholders fill these key gender equality policy ideas with meanings that distort the original purpose of these solutions, and thereby render these policy ideas counter-productive as mechanisms designed to bring about change in gender relations. Instead, these conceptualisations serve the interests of the neoliberal university, enabling and reinforcing the atomisation and exploitation of academic labourers, particularly women. Collectively, these articulations constitute, along with other practices, the ‘doing of neoliberalism’ in post-socialist university settings. Academic stakeholders do not (just) reflect an already established totalising neoliberal framework, but in fact discursively (and materially) create and reproduce what we have come to understand and refer to as ‘neoliberalism’ in academia. This has implications for devising and implementing gender equality policies in higher education in the post-socialist region, as the solutions applied elsewhere in Europe may not work in the same way in Central-Eastern Europe.
Schlagwörter:academia; academic stakeholders; affirmative action; Estland; Estonia; familienfreundliche Hochschule; feminized university; Frauen in der Wissenschaft; gender bias; gender equality policy; neoliberalism; post-socialism; Quote; racial bias; workplace felixibility
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Should I stay or should I go? : The effects of precariousness on the gendered career aspirations of postdocs in Switzerland
Autor/in:
Bataille, Pierre; Le Feuvre, Nicky; Kradolfer Morales, Sabine
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 313–331
Inhalt: The assumption that men are more likely to undertake and succeed in an academic career, because the requirements of professional success in this occupation are compatible with normative gender assumptions, particularly that of fulfilling a ‘male breadwinner’ or main household earner role, implying reduced domestic and care commitments, is discussed. It is suggested that Switzerland offers a particularly interesting case for this study, because of the combination of the specific structure of academic careers, the characteristics of the non-academic labour market and the dominant gender regime. It is shown that, in this particular context, the aspirations of postdocs to remain in academic employment or to look for non-academic jobs are directly related to their position within the domestic division of labour and to their personal and family circumstances. However, this does not necessarily lead to a clear-cut divide between work-committed men, who ‘succeed’ (and hence stay), and care-committed women who ‘fail’ to climb up the academic career ladder (and hence leave). The results suggest that the situation is more complex and requires a subtle distinction between different ideal-types of post-doctoral experiences that do not always cut neatly across gender lines.
‘Publish or perish’ : Family life and academic research productivity
Autor/in:
Callaghan, Chris W.
Quelle: SA j. hum. resour. manag. (SA Journal of Human Resource Management), 15 (2017) 2, 307 S
Inhalt: Research purpose: The influence of work-to-family and family-to-work spillovers is well documented in the human resources literature. However, little is known of the relationships between the pressures faced by academics to publish and the potential family life consequences of being a highly productive academic.
Research design, approach and method: This research sought to investigate these relationships within the context of a large South African university by testing associations between family life variables such as marriage and dependent children against measures of the following specific types of research publication: (1) South African Department of Higher Education and Training–accredited journal publications; (2) Thompson Reuters Institute for Scientific Information (ISI) and ProQuest’s International Bibliography of the Social Sciences (IBSS)– indexed journal article publications; (3) conference proceedings publications; (4) conference paper presentations; (5) book chapter publications; (6) book publications; and (7) gross research productivity, reflecting a volume or quantity measure of research publication.
Main findings: ISI and/or IBSS journal article publication is found to be negatively associated with dependent children, but only for male academics, and to be negatively associated with female gender over and above the effect of family life variables in testing.
Practical/managerial implications: Human resources managers in universities need to be cognisant of the specific pressures faced by staff that are required to produce ever more research publications, in order to help them achieve work–life balance.
Contribution: In a global context of increasing pressures for research publication, and for higher and higher numbers of publications, it is necessary to identify the potential costs involved for high-volume–producing academics, particularly in terms of family versus work.
Keywords: research productivity; family-work life balance
Schlagwörter:Familie; Forschungsproduktivität; Publikation; South Africa; Südafrika; Vereinbarkeit; work-life balance
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 332–351
Inhalt: This paper addresses the topic of work–life interferences in academic contexts. More specifically, it focuses on early career researchers in the Italian university system. The total availability required from those who work in the research sector is leading to significant transformations of the temporalities of work, especially among the new generation of researchers, whose condition is characterized by a higher degree of instability and uncertainty. Which are the experiences of the early career researchers in an academic context constituted by a growing competition for permanent positions and, as a consequence, by a greatly increased pressure? Which are the main gender differences? In what elements do Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics disciplines differ from Social Sciences and Humanities? The collected narratives reveal how the ongoing process of precarization is affecting both the everyday working activities and the private and family lives of early career researchers, with important consequences also on their future prospects.
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 277–297
Inhalt: This paper discusses results of a research project on equal opportunities between women and men in the postdoctoral phase in German universities. It illustrates how the funding system is organized and whether this contributes to more equal opportunities for men and women, especially concerning the work–life interference. Although the system loses women after the doctorial phase, equal opportunity is not a core issue in the promotion of postdoctoral researchers in Germany. Instead, it tends to be addressed indirectly via an array of different compensatory support programmes. One key finding is that certain programmes, such as ‘coaching’, ‘networking’, ‘mentoring’ or financial support, are not offered everywhere, and therefore many postdoctoral researchers do not have the opportunity to utilize them. Furthermore, we found evidence of a gender-specific demand for support programmes. Another finding was that work–life interferences in scientific careers are not addressed by support programmes. The organization of everyday life is not taken into account. Given the context of uncertain career paths in Germany and the unequal working conditions of women and men in academia in Germany, it becomes clear that equal opportunities cannot be realized by ignoring the informal and gendered handling of work-life-balance.
Academic Excellence and Gender Bias in the Practices and Perceptions of Scientists in Leadership and Decision-making Positions
Autor/in:
Linková, Marcela
Quelle: GV/GR (Gender a výzkum / Gender and Research), 18 (2017) 1, S 42–66
Inhalt: How to assess quality has become one of the central concerns for contemporary research, not least because of the proliferation of research assessment systems around the globe. Concomitant with this has been the growing attention to factors that compromise the credibility of assessment, especially gender, ethnic, racial and geopolitical bias. In this paper I analyse how lab leaders and research managers in the natural sciences specifically construct excellence and relatedly the demands of the research profession, and how gender bias plays out in these imaginaries. The material for the study comes primarily from two highly successful public research institutes of the Czech Academy of Sciences and specifically from individual and group interviews with lab leaders and research managers on topics of research governance, assessment, and quality. The focus is on the natural sciences because the discipline has driven the introduction of research assessment in the country as well as research and innovation reforms more broadly since the new millennium. Building on the distinction between the logic of choice and the logic of care developed by Annemarie Mol (2008), I explore the limits of individual choice for conceiving excellence and the gendered outcomes it produces.
Schlagwörter:care ceiling; excellence; Exzellenz; Frauen in der Wissenschaft; gender bias; gendered organization; glass ceiling; leadership; Maskulinität; maternal wall; Matilda-Effekt; Mutterschaft; research profession; Stereotyp
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Women in science : The persistence of traditional gender roles. A case study on work–life interface
Autor/in:
Cervia, Silvia; Biancheri, Rita
Quelle: European Educational Research Journal, 16 (2017) 2-3, S 215–229
Inhalt: The underrepresentation of women in academe has been the focus of both academic literature and European policy-makers. However, albeit the number of female scientists has increased, true gender equality has yet to be achieved. When examining the reasons for this, we have to consider the interconnection between the expectations surrounding gender and what it means to work in the scientific profession, operating at individual, interactional, and institutional levels. This paper presents the results (and methods) of a survey exploring work–life interfaces from a gender-sensitive perspective.
Our survey focused on the researchers and professors working in the medicine and engineering departments of the University of Pisa, where the gradient of female exclusion is most pronounced. The results allow for an interpretation of the ‘leaky pipeline’ (macro level), through a gender-sensitive analysis of gender-based social obligations and those associated with the scientific profession (micro perspective), by integrating said reading through a description of the dynamics of continuous negotiation in private and public life (university) (meso level). Essentially, science is a greedy institution, as is family life, which is a problem for a woman’s career, unless she is willing to make considerable concessions at home.