CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht
‘You must aim high’ - ‘No, I never felt like a woman’: women and men making sense of non-standard trajectories into higher education
Autor/in:
González Ramos, Ana M.; Räthzel, Nora
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1, 17 S
Inhalt: It is no secret that the ‘glass ceiling’ preventing women advancing to leadership positions exists in academia as well. Spain is no exception. Gender relations are usually investigated independently of other power relations like class and ethnicity. In our sample (80 men and women in different academic institutions across Spain) we found that not only women but also men from working class backgrounds have difficulties making successful academic careers. Therefore, we use an intersectional approach to investigate the relationship between gender and class. Comparing two life-histories, we explore what strategies individuals employ to overcome the barriers with which they are confronted. We present the stories of a woman with a middle class but non-academic background and of a man with a working-class background. Their strategies can be understood as the result of specific individual trajectories under specific societal conditions, but they also illustrate the barriers and possibilities men and women with non-standard backgrounds encounter in academia. Analysing successful strategies as well as their limitations, we aim to provide perspectives that might contribute to changing the culture of hegemonic masculinities in academia.
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Diversity, Europa und Internationales, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Drittmittelaquise und Geschlecht : Eine empirische Analyse für Deutschland
Autor/in:
Grözinger, Gerd
Quelle: Hochschulmanagement. Zeitschrift für die Leitung, Entwicklung und Selbstverwaltung von Hochschulen und Wissenschaftseinrichtungen, 13 (2018) 1, S 13–17
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
The Perfect Course of Life (CV) and Double-Career Couples in Science
Autor/in:
Metz-Göckel, Sigrid
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1
Inhalt: In spite of very good qualifications, young female scientists rarely reach the top positions in German universities. The paper discusses changes in requirements for an excellent academic career and the discrepancy between the norm of individual achievement and dependency on professional and private support. Due to government de-regulation and the flexibility of workforce required under neo-liberal ideology, in recent years the economic situation of young scientists has deteriorated and competition has increased. The construction of a perfect CV now takes the full attention of young scientists on their way to the top and demands the whole person. The paper argues that a gender gap is produced by different resources in the personal and professional life of male and female scientists. Increased requirements lead to stress as a central aspect of all stages of the career journey and encourage women more than men to leave science. Women scientists somehow have different images of their personal life in mind. They live linked lives, mostly in double career-partnerships and with caring responsibilities. Although, the change in double-career-couples goes from a complementary to a competitive or sometimes symmetrical relationship, this does not support men and women equally, due to the societal gender hierarchy which favors men’s rather than women’s career. Successful female scientists compensate for the gender gap through private support.
Inhalt: Der vorliegende Band nimmt Wechselbeziehungen zwischen Gleichstellungspolitiken, strukturellen Diskriminierungsformen und prekären Arbeitsverhältnissen in der neoliberalen Hochschule in den Blick.
Die Arbeits- und Lebenssituation von Wissenschaftler_innen hat sich in den vergangenen zwei Jahrzehnten tief greifend verändert. Die fortschreitende Ökonomisierung von Hochschulen und anderen Wissenschaftsorganisationen hat zu einer Zuspitzung von Wettbewerb und Konkurrenz geführt, die sich auch auf die Arbeits- und Wissenschaftskultur auswirkt. Insbesondere der akademische Mittelbau ist von einer verschärften Prekarisierung wissenschaftlicher Arbeitsverhältnisse und Laufbahnen betroffen. Zeitgleich lässt sich eine verstärkte Institutionalisierung von Gleichstellungs- und Diversitypolitiken in der Wissenschaft beobachten. Doch während an den hiesigen Universitäten heute mehr Frauen als je zuvor studieren, promovieren und wissenschaftliche Laufbahnen einschlagen, wirken strukturelle gruppenbezogene Benachteiligungen und Diskriminierungsformen fort. Die Ökonomisierung und Prekarisierung wissenschaftlicher Arbeit sowie die Thematisierung von Geschlechterungleichheit, institutionellem Rassismus und sozialer Selektivität in der Wissenschaft haben in den vergangenen Jahren als Einzelphänomene Aufmerksamkeit erfahren, wurden bislang jedoch nur selten systematisch in Bezug zueinander untersucht.
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Gleichstellungspolitik, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
Multiple Masculinities and Gendered Research Personas : Between experiments, career choice and family
Autor/in:
Pettersson, Helena
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1
Inhalt: The aim of this study is to analyze multiple masculinity identities among experimental plasma physicists. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork with long term observations in a laboratory and in-depth interviews. The point of departure is that different identities exist side by side and are co constructed among physicists in the laboratory. They are defined and challenged at the same time in everyday work, and are therefore central to those attracted to experimental physics. In this study, masculine identity work is analyzed as boundary work for both masculinity and experimental physics. Physics and identity work can be understood as a process where the performance and daily work is also a way of defining gender. I argue that perspectives from masculinity studies are crucial in order to advance an understanding of gender dynamics within physics communities and enrich the current understanding of the lack of women in physics. Both senior and junior physicists emphasized the importance of a strong scientist identity. The plasma physicists represent a type of double hegemonic masculinity front stage. The scientific ideal is in itself strongly gendered with the ideal image of the scientist.
Guest Editorial: Gender and Masculinities in Careers and Leadership in Higher Education
Autor/in:
Sagebiel, Felizitas; White, Kate
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1, 6 S
Inhalt: This Special Issue, recognising vertical gender segregation in higher education, combines papers focusing on challenges for women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines in career progression and taking on leadership roles.
Schlagwörter:Führungsposition; Geschlecht; Geschlechtersegregation; Karriereentwicklung; Männlichkeit; MINT
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis
Selecting early-career researchers : The influence of discourses of internationalisation and excellence on formal and applied selection criteria in academia
Autor/in:
Herschberg, Channah; Benschop, Yvonne; van den Brink, Marieke
Quelle: High Educ (Higher Education), 4 (2018) 2, 61 S
Inhalt: This article examines how macro-discourses of internationalisation and excellence shape formal and applied selection criteria for early-career researcher positions at the meso-organisational and micro-individual levels, demonstrating how tensions between the various levels produce inequalities in staff evaluation. In this way, this article contributes to the literature on academic staff evaluation by showing that Selection Committee members do not operate in a vacuum, and that their actions are inextricably linked to the meso- and macro-context. This study draws on qualitative multi-level data that comprise institutional-level policies, recruitment and staff protocols, job postings and individual-level interviews and focus groups with Selection Committee members. Findings show that a majority of Selection Committee members consent to university policies and macro-discourses when evaluating early-career researchers, but a smaller group questions and resists these criteria. Furthermore, the analysis revealed four inequalities that emerge in the application of criteria and reflect on disciplinary differences between the Natural and Social Sciences. The article concludes that with only a few Committee members to critically question and resist formal selection criteria, they limit the pool of acceptable candidates to those who fit the narrow definition of the internationally mobile and excellent early-career researcher, which may exclude talented scholars.
Professorinnen in der Exzellenzinitiative – Ungleichheit auf hohem Niveau?
Autor/in:
Beaufaÿs, Sandra
Quelle: Prekäre Gleichstellung. Geschlechtergerechtigkeit, soziale Ungleichheit und unsichere Arbeitsverhältnisse in der Wissenschaft. Mike Laufenberg (Hrsg.), Martina Erlemann (Hrsg.), Maria Norkus (Hrsg.), Grit Petschick (Hrsg.). Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien. 2018, S 129–152
Inhalt: Sandra Beaufaÿs geht der Frage nach, wie es im Rahmen der Exzellenzinitiative der ersten Förderphase um Geschlechtergleichstellung in den Führungsetagen sogenannter Exzellenzeinrichtungen bestellt ist. Ihre Analyse der Geschlechterarrangements auf der Ebene von Spitzen- und Leitungspositionen in diesen Einrichtungen verdeutlicht, dass es aus gleichstellungspolitischer Perspektive nicht ausreicht, den Blick auf den quantitativen Anstieg von Frauenanteilen zu richten,um Aussagen über die Qualität der Partizipation von Wissenschaftlerinnen zu treffen.
Schlagwörter:Exzellenzinitiative; Geschlechterungleichheit; Geschlechterverhältnis; Hochschule; Professorin; Universität
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Are New Career Models for Science Research Emerging?
Autor/in:
White, Kate
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1, S 73–87
Inhalt: This paper explores how the traditional gendered model of science excellence impacts on the careers of women scientists. Using an Australian case study, it then examines the following aspects of science careers: what gives scientists job satisfaction; differing perceptions of how to build science careers; how networks, mobility and mentoring are fundamental to research careers; how gender is often a factor in science research careers; and huge generational change underway that is leading to new career models. The paper argues that these new models have the capacity to change the traditional gendered model of science careers.
Schlagwörter:Akademische Karriere; Arbeitszufriedenheit; career paths in science; Exzellenz; Frauen in der Wissenschaft; Gender; Geschlecht; Gleichstellung; Higher Education; Hochschule; Mentoring; Mobilität; Netzwerk; new career models; Österreich; wissenschaftliche Karriere; Wissenschaftskarriere
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis