Should governments in Europe be more aggressive in pushing for gender equality to
raise fertility? : the first "NO"
Autor/in:
Philipov, Dimiter
Quelle: Demographic Research, Vol. 24 (2011) , S. 201-216
Inhalt: "This paper takes the 'no' side in the debate on the question posed in the title.
The paper assumes that the dual-earner/ dual-carer household model is the most likely
aim of policies that push aggressively for gender equality in order to raise fertility.
Five objections are discussed: the model does not necessarily lead to a fertility
increase; aggressiveness will lead to an imbalance of labor supply and demand, and
is likely to confront slowly changing cultural norms; similar policies will also confront
the issue of innate gender differences; and country idiosyncrasies prevent the application
of a unified policy approach. The paper briefly concludes that compatible gender-neutral
family policies and fertility-neutral gender policies are likely to lead to an increase
in fertility." (author's abstract)|
Should governments in Europe be more aggressive in pushing for gender equality to
raise fertility? : the second "YES"
Autor/in:
Oláh, Livia Sz.
Quelle: Demographic Research, Vol. 24 (2011) , S. 217-224
Inhalt: "This paper is based on the authoress's contribution to a debate, organized by MPIDR,
on the question displayed in the title above. She was asked to present arguments for
the 'yes'-response (together with Laurent Toulemon, and arguing against the 'no'-side
represented by Gerda Neyer and Dimiter Philipov). As pointed out in the paper, the
most important theoretical reasoning relevant for this question is the gender equity
theory. A number of studies provide sound empirical support to it, as discussed in
the paper in details, and thereby also a rationale for a positive impact of increased
gender equality on fertility. As the dual-earner family is here to stay, and given
the well-known negative consequences of long-term very low fertility for a society,
pushing for gender equality seems to be a reasonable strategy to be considered aiming
for sustainable societal development." (author's abstract)|
Should governments in Europe be more aggressive in pushing for gender equality to raise fertility? : the first "NO"
Titelübersetzung:Sollen die Regierungen in Europa mehr für die Gleichstellung der Geschlechter tun, um die Fruchtbarkeit zu erhöhen? : die Antwort ist "nein"
Autor/in:
Philipov, Dimiter
Quelle: Demographic Research, Vol. 24 (2011) , S. 201-216
Inhalt: "This paper takes the 'no' side in the debate on the question posed in the title. The paper assumes that the dual-earner/ dual-carer household model is the most likely aim of policies that push aggressively for gender equality in order to raise fertility. Five objections are discussed: the model does not necessarily lead to a fertility increase; aggressiveness will lead to an imbalance of labor supply and demand, and is likely to confront slowly changing cultural norms; similar policies will also confront the issue of innate gender differences; and country idiosyncrasies prevent the application of a unified policy approach. The paper briefly concludes that compatible gender-neutral family policies and fertility-neutral gender policies are likely to lead to an increase in fertility." (author's abstract)
Should governments in Europe be more aggressive in pushing for gender equality to raise fertility? : the second "YES"
Titelübersetzung:Sollen Regierungen in Europa mehr für die Gleichstellung der Geschlechter tun, um die Fruchtbarkeit zu erhöhen? : das zweite "Ja"
Autor/in:
Oláh, Livia Sz.
Quelle: Demographic Research, Vol. 24 (2011) , S. 217-224
Inhalt: "This paper is based on the authoress's contribution to a debate, organized by MPIDR, on the question displayed in the title above. She was asked to present arguments for the 'yes'-response (together with Laurent Toulemon, and arguing against the 'no'-side represented by Gerda Neyer and Dimiter Philipov). As pointed out in the paper, the most important theoretical reasoning relevant for this question is the gender equity theory. A number of studies provide sound empirical support to it, as discussed in the paper in details, and thereby also a rationale for a positive impact of increased gender equality on fertility. As the dual-earner family is here to stay, and given the well-known negative consequences of long-term very low fertility for a society, pushing for gender equality seems to be a reasonable strategy to be considered aiming for sustainable societal development." (author's abstract)
Should governments in Europe be more aggressive in pushing for gender equality to raise fertility? : the second "NO"
Titelübersetzung:Sollen die Regierungen in Europa mehr für die Gleichstellung der Geschlechter tun, um die Fruchtbarkeit zu erhöhen? : das zweite "Nein"
Autor/in:
Neyer, Gerda
Quelle: Demographic Research, Vol. 24 (2011) , S. 225-250
Inhalt: "This paper argues against the suggestion that governments should push for gender equality more aggressively in order to raise fertility. The paper presents a threefold 'no' to this proposal. It takes issue with the goal of raising fertility, arguing that the claims that fertility must be increased are based on myths. It rejects a more aggressive pursuit of gender equality for demographic purposes, maintaining that this method preserves inequality. It warns against using gender equality for fertility purposes, stating that this narrows the realm of gender equality. The paper is based on a debate held at the Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research in Rostock, at which the author was asked to argue against the gender equality-fertility proposal. The other participants in the debate were Laurent Toulemon ('yes'), Dimiter Philipov ('no'), and Livia Oláh ('yes')." (author's abstract)
Politische Repräsentation von Frauen in den Mitgliedstaaten der Europäischen Union im Vergleich
Titelübersetzung:Comparison of the political representation of women in the member states of the European Union
Autor/in:
Hoecker, Beate
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Parlamentsfragen, Jg. 42 (2011) H. 1, S. 50-65
Inhalt: Auch am Ende der ersten Dekade des 21. Jahrhunderts ist die Politik noch eine Männerdomäne geblieben. Der durchschnittliche Frauenanteil in den europäischen Parlamenten liegt bei 24 %, nur 27 % der Kabinettsmitglieder sind weiblich. Die Angaben für die einzelnen Staaten sind jedoch sehr unterschiedlich. Auf der einen Seite zeigt sich die führende Stellung der nordeuropäischen Staaten bei der Frauenrepräsentation, auf der anderen die Defizite der neuen EU-Staaten auf diesem Gebiet. Die Unterschiede können durch die jeweils spezifische Konstellation institutioneller, kultureller und sozioökonomischer Faktoren erklärt werden. Positiv auf die Repräsentation von Frauen wirken sich eine frühe Einführung des Frauenwahlrechts, eine egalitäre politische Kultur, das Verhältniswahlrecht und eine ausgeprägte politische Partizipation von Frauen aus. (ICE)
Schlagwörter:Quote; EU-Staat; Parlament; Regierung; europäische Institution; institutionelle Faktoren; kulturelle Faktoren; sozioökonomische Faktoren; Nordeuropa; Ostmitteleuropa; politische Kultur; politische Partizipation; Europa; Gleichstellung
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
From formal adoption to enforcement : post-accession shifts in EU impact on Hungary in the equality policy field
Titelübersetzung:Von formaler Annahme zur Durchsetzung : Auswirkungen des EU-Beitritts auf die Gleichstellungspolitik Ungarns
Autor/in:
Krizsan, Andrea
Quelle: European Integration online Papers, Special Issue, Vol. 13 (2009) Iss. 2, 18 S.
Inhalt: "Research on EU conditionality in equality policy in Hungary shows that while the formal EU acquis has been transposed in a fast and successful way, its enforcement and application largely lag behind. Most researchers explain this weak enforcement with factors such as state capacity problems, the absence of inclusive policy making, and low norm resonance at the domestic level. This paper analyzes how changes in EU influence in the post-accession, post-conditionality period contribute to maintaining compliance with and improving the enforcement of EU equality policy in Hungary. It aims to understand implementation processes that take place in the post-accession period through the Hungarian case of equality policy. The paper argues that in order to capture the impact of the EU in the post-accession period, one must look beyond formal transposition-related mechanisms and increasingly at financial assistance and social learning mechanisms. While mechanisms connected to formal transposition might suggest major drawbacks in formal compliance, financial assistance and social learning mechanisms seem to address more directly the application and enforcement problems that Hungary faces in the equality realm. The paper shows that these mechanisms directly and indirectly impact the most crucial factors that determine enforcement - state capacity, the strength and involvement of civil society, and norm resonance. A slow but steady move toward sustainable improvement in enforcement is indicated." (author's abstract)
Transformationsstaaten und Geschlechterverhältnisse : Herausforderungen für die EU-Gleichstellungspolitik
Titelübersetzung:Transformation states and gender relations : challenges for the equal opportunity policy of the EU
Autor/in:
Klein, Uta
Quelle: Gesellschaft Wirtschaft Politik : Sozialwissenschaften für politische Bildung, N. F., Jg. 55 (2006) H. 3, S. 363-376
Inhalt: "Wie steht es um die Gleichstellung zwischen Männern und Frauen in den ost- und ostmitteleuropäischen Mitgliedstaaten der EU. Es zeigt sich, dass schwerlich von einer Modernisierung der Transformationsstaaten gesprochen werden kann, wenn die Geschlechterperspektive mitgedacht wird. Die Überlegung hat Konsequenzen für die EU-Gleichstellungspolitik." (Autorenreferat)
Schlagwörter:Transformation; Ostmitteleuropa; Geschlechterverhältnis; Gleichstellung; EU-Politik; EU-Staat; politische Partizipation; Europa
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Gender mainstreaming vs positive action : an ongoing conflict in EU gender equality policy
Autor/in:
Stratigaki, Maria
Quelle: The European journal of women's studies, Vol. 12 (2005) No. 8, S. 165-186
Inhalt: "This article examines the development of a gender mainstreaming strategy in the EU by illustrating how this strategy was shaped by other than gender equality policy goals. Gender mainstreaming was originally launched in 1996 to promote gender equality in all EU policies, in the context of international and European mobilization on women's issues. It was aimed to transform mainstream policies by introducing a gender equality perspective. However, it has been largely used as an alibi for neutralizing positive action. The successful implementation of positive action in political decision-making had challenged the gender distribution of political power over policy institutions and technical, human and financial resources. This led to policy softening and institutional weakening due to counteracting by the EU political and administrative hierarchies. The argument is based on text analyses of relevant Community acts and on direct observations of the policy process, based on personal working experiences in the European Commission." (author's abstract)