Understanding social constructions of becoming an academic through women’s collective career narratives
Autor/in:
Barnard, Sarah; Rose, Anthea; Dainty, Andrew; Hassan, Tarek
Quelle: Journal of Further and Higher Education, (2021) , S 1–14
Details
Inhalt: The transition of early career researchers into academic posts is understood to be a crucial career step and marks a point at which representation of women declines significantly. The research adopts a participatory qualitative research methodology through career narrative interviews and group discussions with women engineers recently appointed into academic posts. It was found that academic careers are ‘hoped for’, but not described as a straightforward option in terms of either securing tenure or future career development. The collective career paths outlined were rarely linear and featured key moments of crisis and self-doubt, culminating in ‘tentative’ career identity formation in the face of gendered career structures. There is evidence of a pre-emptive and continuing uncertainty about the feasibility of an academic career that begins years before embarking on a PhD. The distinctive contribution of the study is the consideration of gendered early processes of forming an academic identity and ongoing collective experiences of becoming an academic.
Schlagwörter:akademische Karriere; early career researchers; Gender; Ingenieurwissenschaft; soziale Konstruktion; transition; Übergangsphase; wissenschaftlicher Nachwuchs
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
A Global Approach to the Gender Gap in Mathematical, Computing and Natural Sciences : How to Measure it, How to Reduce it? - Gender Gap in Science project: Final report
Autor/in:
Guillopé, Colette; Roy, Marie-Francoise
Quelle: Berlin, 2020. 243 S
Details
Schlagwörter:Arbeitsbedingungen; Befragung; computer science; Diskriminierung; gender gap; Geschlechterunterschied; global; Hochschule; Informatik; Karriere; mathematics; Mathematik; Naturwissenschaften; Prävention; Publikation; quantitative Analyse; sexual harassment; sexuelle Belästigung; survey
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Geschlechterverhältnis, Sexuelle Belästigung und Gewalt
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht
Authorship in top-ranked mathematical and physical journals: Role of gender on self-perceptions and bibliographic evidence
Autor/in:
Mihaljević, Helena; Santamaría, Lucía
Quelle: Quantitative Science Studies, 1 (2020) 4, S 1468–1492
Details
Inhalt: Despite increasing rates of women researching in math-intensive fields, publications by female authors remain underrepresented. By analyzing millions of records from the dedicated bibliographic databases zbMATH, arXiv, and ADS, we unveil the chronological evolution of authorships by women in mathematics, physics, and astronomy. We observe a pronounced shortage of female authors in top-ranked journals, with quasistagnant figures in various distinguished periodicals in the first two disciplines and a significantly more equitable situation in the latter. Additionally, we provide an interactive open-access web interface to further examine the data. To address whether female scholars submit fewer articles for publication to relevant journals or whether they are consciously or unconsciously disadvantaged by the peer review system, we also study authors’ perceptions of their submission practices and analyze around 10,000 responses, collected as part of a recent global survey of scientists. Our analysis indicates that men and women perceive their submission practices to be similar, with no evidence that a significantly lower number of submissions by women is responsible for their underrepresentation in top-ranked journals. According to the self-reported responses, a larger number of articles submitted to prestigious venues correlates rather with aspects associated with pronounced research activity, a well-established network, and academic seniority.
Schlagwörter:Astronomie; gender bias; Geschlechterunterschied; Journal; mathematics; Mathematik; Physik; Publikation; Publikationsverhalten; survey
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Netzwerke und Networking in der Postdocphase technischer Disziplinen : Eine Handreichung für die Praxis
Autor/in:
Dahmen-Adkins, Jennifer; Wolffram, Andrea
Quelle: RWTH Aachen; 2020. 50 S
Details
Schlagwörter:Führungsposition; gender inequality; Geschlechterungleichheit; higher education; Hochschule; Ingenieurwissenschaft; Interview; Leadership; Networking; Netzwerk; Post-doc; qualitative Analyse; Unterrepräsentanz
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht
‘Mentoring and sponsorship in Higher Educational institutions : Men’s invisible advantage in STEM’?
Autor/in:
O’Connor, Pat; O'Hagan, Angela; Myers, Eva Sophie
Quelle: Higher Education Research and Development, 39 (2019) 4, S 1–14
Details
Inhalt: This article is concerned with the source of men’s invisible advantage in the male dominated disciplines of Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM). It is suggested that this advantage has been obscured by combining sponsorship and mentoring. The research asks: Are men or women most likely to be mentored? Is it possible to distinguish between mentoring and sponsorship? Is there gender variation in either or both of these depending on the source – whether from the academic supervisor, line manager or other senior academics. This qualitative study draws on interview data from 106 respondents (57 men and 48 women) at junior, middle and senior levels, in four universities: one each in Bulgaria, Denmark, Ireland and Turkey. It shows that both men and women received mentoring from their PhD supervisor, albeit with slightly different reported nuances. Men were more likely than women to receive sponsorship in that relationship. Both men and women received sponsorship from the Head of Department, whose wider responsibilities may have reduced homophily. Men were more likely than women to receive sponsorship and mentoring from senior men, with most women indicating a lack of access to such senior academics. By distinguishing between mentoring and sponsorship, this article contributes to our understanding of the way male dominance in STEM is perpetuated and suggests the source of men’s invisible advantage in STEM.
Schlagwörter:Bulgarien; Dänemark; Geschlechterunterschied; Irland; Mentoring; MINT; qualitative Analyse; sponsorship; STEM; Türkei; Wissenschaftskarriere
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
A Data Analysis of Women’s Trails Among ICM Speakers
Autor/in:
Mihaljević, Helena; Roy, Marie-Françoise
Quelle: World Women in Mathematics 2018. Carolina Araujo (Hrsg.), Georgia Benkart (Hrsg.) Cheryl E. Praeger (Hrsg.), Betül Tanbay (Hrsg.), Cham: Springer International Publishing. 2019, S 111–128
Details
Inhalt: The International Congress of Mathematicians (ICM), inaugurated in 1897, is the greatest effort of the mathematical community to strengthen international communication and connections across all mathematical fields. Meetings of the ICM have historically hosted some of the most prominent mathematicians of their time. Receiving an invitation to present a talk at an ICM signals the high international reputation of the recipient, and is akin to entering a ‘hall of fame for mathematics’. Women mathematicians attended the ICMs from the start. With the invitation of Laura Pisati to present a lecture in 1908 in Rome and the plenary talk of Emmy Noether in 1932 in Zurich, they entered the grand international stage of their field. At the congress in 2014 in Seoul, Maryam Mirzakhani became the first woman to be awarded the Fields Medal, the most prestigious award in mathematics. In this article, we dive into assorted data sources to follow the footprints of women among the ICM invited speakers, analyzing their demographics and topic distributions, and providing glimpses into their diverse biographies.
Schlagwörter:Frauenanteil; Geschlechtervergleich; Konferenz; Mathematik; Repräsentation
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Multiple Masculinities and Gendered Research Personas : Between experiments, career choice and family
Autor/in:
Pettersson, Helena
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1
Details
Inhalt: The aim of this study is to analyze multiple masculinity identities among experimental plasma physicists. It is based on ethnographic fieldwork with long term observations in a laboratory and in-depth interviews. The point of departure is that different identities exist side by side and are co constructed among physicists in the laboratory. They are defined and challenged at the same time in everyday work, and are therefore central to those attracted to experimental physics. In this study, masculine identity work is analyzed as boundary work for both masculinity and experimental physics. Physics and identity work can be understood as a process where the performance and daily work is also a way of defining gender. I argue that perspectives from masculinity studies are crucial in order to advance an understanding of gender dynamics within physics communities and enrich the current understanding of the lack of women in physics. Both senior and junior physicists emphasized the importance of a strong scientist identity. The plasma physicists represent a type of double hegemonic masculinity front stage. The scientific ideal is in itself strongly gendered with the ideal image of the scientist.
Schlagwörter:Doing Gender; Ethnographie; Gender; Geschlecht; Identität; Identitätsbildung; Interview; Karriereplanung; Labor; Männlichkeit; Physik; Unterrepräsentanz; Wissenschaftler
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Guest Editorial: Gender and Masculinities in Careers and Leadership in Higher Education
Autor/in:
Sagebiel, Felizitas; White, Kate
Quelle: International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology, 10 (2018) 1, 6 S
Details
Inhalt: This Special Issue, recognising vertical gender segregation in higher education, combines papers focusing on challenges for women in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) disciplines in career progression and taking on leadership roles.
Schlagwörter:Führungsposition; Geschlecht; Geschlechtersegregation; Karriereentwicklung; Männlichkeit; MINT
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Emmy Noether, die Noether-Schule und die moderne Algebra : Zur Geschichte einer kulturellen Bewegung
Autor/in:
Koreuber, Mechthild
Quelle: Heidelberg: Springer Spektrum (Mathematik im Kontext), 2015.
Details
Inhalt: Emmy Noether und die Mitglieder der Noether-Schule gestalteten wesentlich die kulturelle Bewegung der modernen Algebra, die in den 1920er Jahren die Vorstellungen über Mathematik veränderte und zu einem neuen Verständnis der Mathematik als Strukturwissenschaft führte. In interdisziplinär angelegten Studien verbindet die Autorin biografische Forschungen zu Noether und den Mitgliedern der Noether-Schule mit wissenschaftstheoretischen Untersuchungen mathematischer Texte sowie einer aus dem Konzept der dichten Beschreibung abgeleiteten Analyse wissenschaftlicher Schulenbildung: Die Entstehung mat
Schlagwörter:Geschichte; Geschlecht; Mathematik; Wissenschaftlerin; Wissenschaftsgeschichte
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Thema: Geschlechterverhältnisse in der Wissenschaft
Herausgeber/in:
Bayerisches Staatsinstitut für Hochschulforschung und Hochschulplanung (IHF); Rusconi, Alessandra; Kunze, Caren; Bayerisches Staatsinstitut für Hochschulforschung und Hochschulplanung (IHF)
Quelle: Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 3 (2015)
Details
Inhalt: Der vorliegende Band enthält mehrere der zu Artikeln ausgearbeiteten Vorträge der Vorlesungsreihe „Hat die Wissenschaft ein Geschlecht? Analysen und Reflexionen zu Geschlechterverhältnissen in der Wissenschaft“, die im Sommersemester 2014 an der Freien Universität Berlin stattfand. Sie wurde von Prof. Dr. Heike Solga (Professur Soziologie der Freien Universität Berlin und Wissenschaftszentrum Berlin für Sozialforschung WZB) und Dr. Alessandra Rusconi (WZB) sowie Mechthild Koreuber und Caren Kunze (Freie Universität Berlin) konzipiert und vom Büro der Zentralen Frauenbeauftragten der Freien Universität Berlin organisiert. Die beiden Gastherausgeberinnen Alessandra Rusconi und Caren Kunze verfassten auch eine Einführung in das Themenheft, in der zusammenfassend ein Überblick über die quantitativen Verhältnisse und den Stand der Forschung gegeben wird. Alle Artikel durchliefen wie üblich ein anonymes Begutachtungsverfahren durch zwei unabhängige Sachverständige. Für die erfolgreiche Kooperation bei der Erarbeitung dieses Themenhefts danken die „Beiträge“ allen daran Beteiligten.
Schlagwörter:Frauen in der Wissenschaft; Geschlechterverhältnis; Karrierebedingungen; Karriereentwicklung
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Themenheft