Inhalt: Die vorliegende Studie untersucht die Einstellungen von Mädchen zum Technikstudium in Österreich. Mit einer Klumpenstichprobe werden im Jahr 1987 Schüler und Schülerinnen kurz vor der schulischen Reifeprüfung sowie einige Lehrer einer schriftlichen Befragung unterzogen. Dabei werden Daten über Interessen- und Leistungsbezüge, über Technikerfahrung, über die beabsichtigte Lebensplanung, über die allgemeine Orientierung und über familiäre Einflüsse erhoben. Im Vergleich zu Jungen fällt auf, daß Mädchen häufig - trotz gleicher Schulleistungen - weitaus weniger Neigung für technische Berufe aufweisen. Das äußert sich besonders darin, daß Mädchen - wenn sie ein technisch-naturwissenschaftliches Studium aufnehmen - nur in den seltensten Fällen eine klassische, fertigungsorientierte Ingenieurwissenschaft wählen. Vorhandene Begabungspotientiale können somit nicht entfaltet und genutzt werden. (BB)
Inhalt: "In Austria as well as in many other countries women are underrepresented in technical careers. This report focusses on the interpersonal and structural barriers concerning these careers of female graduates from secondary schools. 1.700 males and females in their final year of higher level general schools and higher level technical and vocational schools were asked by questionnaire about the following topics: attitudes and aspects of achievement in mathematics and their influence on the career choice especially technical careers, career motivation and plans, aims in life, experience in technology, perceptions and expectations on the function and problems of modern technology. Results indicate that women do not significantly from men in mathematical ability, but in their expections of professional utilization of mathematics. The author explains this sex difference based on broad empirical evidence as caused by primary socialization and reproduced by school. Female pupils of technical and mathematical higher level schools develop rather different vocational orientations. There is a close connection between the intrinsic motivation (interest in mathematics) and the extrinsic motivation (usefulness of mathematics for the occupation). Good achievements in mathematics strengthen the interest in mathematics. Girls tend to choose studies or professions, where knowledge of mathematics is of low importance. This is not the case, if girls attend schools which emphasize mathematics, technics or applied natural science. Characteristics of pupils who want to attend a technical university are experience in technology, high career and income expectations and an optimistic view of problem solving capacity referred to environmental pollution and human work. as a practical consequence the author suggests to emphasize the information and practical knowledge of the male and female pupils about the role of technology in economy and the occupational opportunities of the future. To motivate more female pupils to technical careers it will be necessary to transform vocational orientations and to strengthen the self-confidence in education." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Ingenieurwissenschaft; Schülerin; Studienwahl; technische Bildung; Einstellung; Leistungsorientierung; Österreich; Interessenorientierung
CEWS Kategorie:Geschlechterverhältnis, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Studium und Studierende
Dokumenttyp:Graue Literatur, Bericht