Quelle: Institut für Höhere Studien (IHS), Wien; (Reihe Soziologie / Institut für Höhere Studien, Abt. Soziologie, 106)2014. 60 S
Inhalt: Austria has a long tradition of gender equality policy measures in science, academia and research. Since the 1980s, a mix of measures has been successively introduced to promote excellent female scientists and academics, establish women’s and gender studies and remove the structural barriers for women. Accordingly, an increase in the share of women in all areas and functions in science, academia and research and the inclusion of gender studies in an increasing number of disciplines has been achieved in recent years. Despite this, the notion of the “scientific ideal” has remained almost unchanged, i.e. is still based on a typically male scientific career. This notion essentially considers a “good” scientist to be one who can devote his life totally to science and has no other restrictions on his time or commitments outside science. The question now is, what – and where – can we add to the existing policy mix to change this situation, i.e. to revise this notion of the “ideal”. At a series of workshops, researchers, academics and other experts used creative methods to develop their visions of a gender-neutral landscape in science, academia and research in 2025. These visions were then used to identify relevant fields of action for initiating cultural change. This paper summarises the results of this discursive process and outlines how the process that began with this project could now be continued.
Schlagwörter:scientist; Kulturwandel; Gender Mainstreaming; Austria; cultural change; Österreich; gender role; role image; Rollenwandel; university system; Geschlechtsrolle; Rollenzuschreibung; Wissenschaftler; role ascription; gender mainstreaming; role change; Rollenbild; occupational role; gender; Berufsrolle; Doing Gender; Gender; Karriere; Hochschulwesen; doing gender; career
SSOAR Kategorie:Berufsforschung, Berufssoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Rezension: Eva Blome, Alexandra Erfmeier, Nina Gülcher, Sandra Smykalla: Handbuch zur Gleichstellungspolitik an Hochschulen. Von der Frauenförderung zum Diversity Management
Autor/in:
Löther, Andrea
Quelle: Femina Politica - Zeitschrift für feministische Politikwissenschaft, 23 (2014) 2, S 177-178
Underworld's Heldinnenideale - Rollen und Charakteristika neuer Weiblichkeit im Genrefilm
Autor/in:
Steinhart, Stefanie
Quelle: Universität Duisburg-Essen Campus Duisburg, Fak. für Gesellschaftswissenschaften, Institut für Soziologie; Duisburg (Working Papers kultur- und techniksoziologische Studien, 01/2014), 2014. 25 S
Inhalt: Spezifische Heldinnen ziehen zu bestimmten Zeiten das Filmpublikum, weiblich wie männlich, an. Dieses Paper betrachtet das Heldinnenideal im zeitgenössischen Gothic-Horrorfilm. Augenmerk liegt dabei auch auf widersprüchlichen Charakteristika, Rollen, Verhaltensweisen der Heldin. Untersuchungsgegenstand sind die ersten beiden Teile der Underworld Filmreihe.
Schlagwörter:Horrorfilm; horror film; Heldentum; heroism; Frauenbild; image of women; kulturelle Identität; cultural identity; gender-specific factors; Identität; identity; Weiblichkeit; femininity; Patriarchat; patriarchy; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Rollenbild; role image
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, andere Medien
Chancengleichheit der Geschlechter? Der Zusammenhang von Geschlecht, Elternschaft und Weiterbildungsteilnahme
Autor/in:
Friebel, Harry
Quelle: DIE Zeitschrift für Erwachsenenbildung, (2014) 2, S 45-48
Inhalt: Der Autor geht der Frage nach, ob die Chancengleichheit der Geschlechter in der Weiterbildungsteilnahme erreicht wurde. Er geht davon aus, dass diese sich nur beantworten lässt, wenn die lebens- und arbeitsweltlichen Kontexte der Menschen als biografische Regulative der Weiterbildungsbeteiligung berücksichtig werden. Als empirische Datengrundlage dient die Längsschnittstudie "Hamburger Biografie- und Lebenslaufpanel" (HBLP), deren Befunde über den Zusammenhang von Geschlecht, Elternschaft und Weiterbildungsteilnahme in der Tradition der Lebenslaufforschung diskutiert werden.
Schlagwörter:Weiterbildung; further education; Bildungsverhalten; education behavior; Bildungsbeteiligung; participation in education; gender-specific factors; Chancengleichheit; equal opportunity; Elternschaft; parenthood; Familienarbeit; family work; Familie-Beruf; work-family balance; Lebenslauf; life career; Federal Republic of Germany
SSOAR Kategorie:Bildungswesen quartärer Bereich, Berufsbildung, Bildungs- und Erziehungssoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
A Genderless Protest: Women Confronting Romanian Communism
Autor/in:
Petrescu, Cristina
Quelle: Annals of the University of Bucharest / Political science series, 16 (2014) 2, S 79-101
Inhalt: Far from accomplishing its utopian plans of transforming society, communism did not turn gender equality into a reality either. This paper moves beyond the common-place approaches that simply underline the failures of this political system and presumes that women experienced communism in very diverse and often ambiguous ways, for public and private roles conflicted more often than not. From among the few individuals who dared to articulate critical thoughts on Romanian communism prior to its collapse of 1989, the present paper recuperates the experience of three women. Members of the urban educated elite, they believed nonetheless in different values and pursued different strategies of expressing discontent with the regime. These female critics of the communist system went beyond personal or group interests, but among the issues of public concern they raised none belonged to a feminist agenda. Yet, these women acted as if gender equality was a reality in Ceauşescu’s Romania: they considered themselves the equal partners of like-minded men, while their male peers accepted them as such, for equalitarian perceptions of genders shaped the public roles assumed by non-conformist Romanian intellectuals. The example of these three women does not prove that communism succeeded in redefining the status of women, but it illustrates how the urban educated social group experienced gender relations then. No feminists in thinking, these three women were so in their behavior. Their criticism of Ceauşescu’s communism was genderless, but it nonetheless strengthened the idea that women are no less than men.
Schlagwörter:Feminismus; feminism; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Widerstand; resistance; kulturelle Vielfalt; cultural diversity; woman; Dissident; dissident; Kommunismus; communism; sozialer Wandel; social change; Geschlechterverhältnis; gender relations; Rumänien; Romania
SSOAR Kategorie:Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, politische Willensbildung, politische Soziologie, politische Kultur
Gender differences within the German-language Wikipedia
Titelübersetzung:Les différences entre les sexes au sein du projet Wikipédia en allemand
Autor/in:
Sichler, Almut; Prommer, Elizabeth
Quelle: ESSACHESS - Journal for Communication Studies, 7 (2014) 2, S 77-93
Inhalt: The Wikipedia project constitutes the currently most-used and most comprehensive online encyclopedia in the world (Schneider, 2008, p. 35) and is advertising itself as free and open for everyone, and in terms of an encyclopedia as diverse and balanced at all levels. But from a gender perspective there is a huge discrepancy in sex ratio within Wikipedia’s community. In 2005, researchers at University of Würzburg found that women constitute only 10 % of German-language Wikipedia authors (Schroer&Hertel, 2009, p. 104). This fact leads to the presumption, that Wikipedia’s reflection of the world mediates and interprets a mainly male conception of the world and thus displays an inequality with reference to modern society. Proceeding from the assumption that women and men have different communication behaviours as well as different perceptions and interpretations of communication in almost all aspects of social interaction including e.g. conversational strategies, conflict management and negotiation skills, we hypothesize that these different ways of communication significantly affect the motivation of female Wikipedia contributors.
Schlagwörter:gender relations; Kommunikationsverhalten; Geschlechterverhältnis; Wikipedia; Netzgemeinschaft; communication behavior; internet community; Wikipedia; Web 2.0; web 2.0; gender-specific factors
SSOAR Kategorie:Kommunikationssoziologie, Sprachsoziologie, Soziolinguistik, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Medieninhalte, Aussagenforschung
“I loved her so much, but I killed her”: Romantic love as a representational frame for intimate partner femicide in three Italian newspapers
Titelübersetzung:"Je l’aimais tellement que je l’ai tuée": L’amour romantique comme cadre de la représentation du fémicide par le parte- naire dans la presse italienne
Autor/in:
Gius, Chiara; Lalli, Pina
Quelle: ESSACHESS - Journal for Communication Studies, 7 (2014) 2, S 53-75
Inhalt: Ce n’est que depuis une trentaine d’années que la loi italienne ne contemple
plus les « crimes d’honneur », c’est-à-dire la reconnaissance de circonstances
atténuantes pour les meurtres commis par les hommes sur leur femme adultère. Pour
comprendre si le changement de la légitimation socio-culturelle dans le sens commun
va de pair avec le changement de la loi, on a donc considéré d’intérêt analyser
dans la presse nationale les récits récents des fémicides, en se focalisant sur ceux
qui ont été commis en 2012. A partir de la littérature scientifique sur ce thème, cet
étude décrit la manière de raconter 53 cas de fémicides engageant la partenaire, dans
166 articles publiés par trois des principaux journaux italiens. En conduisant une
analyse thématique transversale des articles, on a identifié dans l’amour romantique
le cadrage principal par lequel la presse essaye de trouver des explications cernées
comme les plus compréhensibles pour ses lecteurs. Ces sont la perte de contrôle à la
suite de discussions, voire la peur de perdre l’objet d’amour par jalousie ou séparation,
qui résultent les explications les plus souvent invoquées. Ces « causes » apparaissent
contingentes et de pertinence individuelle; de plus, elles ne méritent pas -
dans les articles de presse analysés - l’évocation d’une quelque asymétrie structurelle
d’où il puisse ressortir, par exemple, la mise en question du droit de contrôle
masculin, alors qu’il est souvent montré comme stratégiquement poursuivi et tacitement
censé allant de soi. On relève donc un discours social où la contingence individuelle
d’une « perte de contrôle » descendant de l’amour romantique semble représenter
le fémicide comme un crime qu’on ne peut pas prévenir ni prévoir.
Inhalt: In Italy law has accepted “honour crimes” perpetrated by men until little more than 30 years ago. As cultural dimensions are often slower to change, it is interesting to analyze the capacity to account for femicides in the press in a period in which the topic has become more and more relevant all over Europe. Building on existing literature, this study explores how three major Italian newspapers frame crimes of intimate partner femicide. Using 166 articles published in 2012, the authors examine - by a thematic analysis conducted along different items - which aspects are conveyed by the news to account for the 53 intimate partner femicides reported in the press in this period. Findings suggest that while Italian news media heavily rely on narratives of love and passion to frame intimate partner homicide, a social discourse justifying the “loss of control” it is also used to sustain representation of femicides as crimes impossible to be prevented or predicted.
Socialization and gendered biographical agency in a multicultural migration context: the life history of a young Moroccan woman in Germany
Autor/in:
Al-Rebholz, Anil
Quelle: Zeitschrift für Qualitative Forschung, 15 (2014) 1-2, S 79-96
Inhalt: "In light of the challenges of globalization, hybridization of cultures, and transnational migration movements worldwide, some central deficits of socialization theory have been identified. As a response to these challenges, the necessity of developing 'biographical socialization research' and a 'subject-oriented socialization theory' are underlined. In this paper, the notion of 'biographical agency', embedded in the social and temporal context of biographies, is proposed to overcome shortcomings of the theories of socialization. Drawing on the concepts of biographical knowledge, biographical work and biographical reflexivity, biographical research can show how individuals develop biographical agency and engage in meaningful social actions within their life courses under the conditions of globalization. On the basis of Samira's case, I will point out the kinds of multiple exclusion/ inclusion mechanisms that operate in multicultural societies, mechanisms produced both by majority and minority groups, and how daughters of migrants can acquire biographical resources through their socialization in multicultural contexts to struggle against hierarchical gender norms, conflicting expectations, and restrictive social sites as well as enlarge their sphere of action." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Migration; migration; internationale Wanderung; international migration; Globalisierung; globalization; Transkulturalität; cross-culturality; multikulturelle Gesellschaft; multicultural society; Sozialisation; socialization; Biographie; biography; gender-specific factors; Geschlechtsrolle; gender role; Identität; identity; Religiosität; religiousness; Migrant; migrant; zweite Generation; second generation; woman; Muslim; Muslim; Eltern-Kind-Beziehung; parent-child relationship; Federal Republic of Germany; biographische Methode; biographical method; Forschungsansatz; research approach; Subjektivierung; subjectivation; Intersektionalität; intersectionality; gender norms; biographical resources; multiple belongings
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Soziologie von Gesamtgesellschaften, Forschungsarten der Sozialforschung
