Comparing the self-control and behavioral problems of girls in employed and unemployed mothers
Autor/in:
Babanezhad, Fahimeh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 58, S 68-74
Inhalt: This research aims to compare styles of self-control and behavioral problems of girls in employed and unemployed mothers. In this research that was done using casual-comparison method (after events) 100 employed mothers and 100 unemployed ones of girls of elementary schools in district 4 of Tehran were selected as the sample based on cluster-random method. Self-control questionnaire (Allahverdipour et al., 2005) and children's behavioral problem questionnaire (parental form, 1994) were used for information collection that was previously normalized in studies conducted in Iran and its validity has been confirmed. In this research, reliability of the questionnaire was assessed through Cronbach alpha and was confirmed with a high reliability of 0.80. The t-test was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the average of self-control in employed mothers is significantly more than that in unemployed mothers. Also, the results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between girls of employed and unemployed women in hyperactivity and aggression, anxiety and depression, disorder, and lack of attention. This research confirms that employment of women results in enhancement of behavioral disorder among children. It is suggested that policy makers and planners in the country must pay attention to this point.
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 51, S 111-114
Inhalt: In the case of corruption, the young generations' obtainment of core ethical values may be undermined during the formative years that are critical to the promotion of integrity and accountability in a given society. The results may be widespread, long-lasting and severe.In the article are elucidated characteristics of corruption, aspects of the interaction between gender and corruption in higher education, negative effects of corruption.
Schlagwörter:Ukraine; Ukraine; Osteuropa; Eastern Europe; Hochschulbildung; university level of education; Jugend; youth; Korruption; corruption; Auswirkung; impact; Interaktion; interaction; gender
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Kriminalsoziologie, Rechtssoziologie, Kriminologie, Bildungswesen tertiärer Bereich
Das Spiel mit der Geschlechterdifferenz - aufs Spiel gesetzte Grenzen? Geschlechterkonstruktionen beim Pausenspiel von Grundschulkindern und ihren Peers aus praxistheoretischer Perspektive
Titelübersetzung:Playing with gender differences - playing with gender boundaries? The social construction of gender among children and their peers on elementary school playgrounds from a practice-theoretical perspective
Autor/in:
Eckermann, Torsten
Quelle: GENDER - Zeitschrift für Geschlecht, Kultur und Gesellschaft, 7 (2015) 1, S 49-63
Inhalt: "Der Beitrag fokussiert vor dem Hintergrund einer praxistheoretischen Perspektive den lokal situierten Vollzug der Geschlechter(in)differenz im Spiel unter Schulkindern und ihren Peers. Anhand kurzer ethnographischer Beobachtungsprotokolle wird illustriert, wie Geschlecht in den Interaktionen unter den Kindern 'ins Spiel kommt', wie dabei Grenzen einerseits markiert, andererseits im und durch das Spiel überschritten und 'heruntergespielt' werden." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "Drawing on the practice-theoretical approach, this article focuses on the situated practices of gender differences among school children and their peers at play on elementary school playgrounds. Based on ethnographical field notes, the article illustrates how gender construction 'comes into play' in interaction among children and thus children activate gender boundaries on the one hand and cross gender boundaries on the other hand." (author's abstract)
Freizeitaktivitäten jugendlicher Hauptschüler/-innen und ihr Einfluss auf berufliche Zielorientierungen und den Übergang in Ausbildung und Beruf
Titelübersetzung:Effects of leisure activities on vocational goal orientation and the transition into vocational training and work among lower secondary school pupils
Autor/in:
Hemming, Karen; Reißig, Birgit
Quelle: Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research, 10 (2015) 1, S 81-97
Inhalt: "Die Übergänge in Ausbildung (1. Schwelle) und Beruf (2. Schwelle) werden als wichtige Weichenstellungen im Lebensverlauf verstanden. Im Zuge gesellschaftlicher Entwicklungen müssen sich junge Menschen neuen Herausforderungen stellen, die dazu führen, dass diese Übergänge in der Lebensphase Jugend immer unsicherer werden. Um die gestiegenen Anforderungen dieser Übergänge zu bewältigen, gewinnen Bildungsprozesse, die in non-formalen Freizeitsettings stattfinden, an Bedeutung: Sie können nicht nur die Persönlichkeitsentwicklung der Heranwachsenden fördern, sondern auch Qualifikationen für den Einstieg in den Arbeitsmarkt vermitteln. Der Beitrag geht der Frage nach, inwieweit Vereinsaktivitäten und kulturelle Aktivitäten von Hauptschüler/-innen am Ende ihrer Schulzeit ihre berufliche Zielorientierung und Übergänge in Ausbildung und Beruf positiv beeinflussen. Dazu wird das Ressourcenmodell der Lebensbewältigung als theoretische Grundlage herangezogen und eine Sekundäranalyse mit dem Übergangspanel des Deutschen Jugendinstituts durchgeführt. Drei Messzeitpunkte gehen in logistische Regressionsmodelle ein: 1) Baselineerhebung im letzten Pflichtschuljahr (N=3922), 2) Erhebung ein halbes Jahr nach letztem Pflichtschuljahr (1. Schwelle; N=1701), und 3) Erhebung fünf Jahre nach letztem Pflichtschuljahr (1. und 2. Schwelle; N=873). Erwartungsgemäß lassen sich geringe Zusammenhänge zwischen Freizeitaktivitäten und beruflicher Zielorientierung nachweisen. Für den Übergang an 1. Schwelle finden sich keine Effekte der Freizeitaktivitäten. Allerdings wird der Übergang in Ausbildung und Beruf an 1. und 2. Schwelle fünf Jahre später in geringem Maß positiv durch Vereinsaktivitäten beeinflusst. Dabei zeigen sich die Zusammenhänge auch unter Kontrolle von sozioökonomischem Status, Migrationshintergrund und Geschlecht." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "Transitions from school to vocational training or studies and work seem to be major junctions in lifespan. In the course of societal changes these transitions are getting increasingly unsecure and challenge adolescents. For coping with those high demands educational processes taking place in non-formal leisure activities become more important: They are able to promote personal development and moreover impart qualifications useful for the labor market. The current paper aims to answer the question whether organized leisure activities and cultural activity at the end of compulsory schooling affect vocational goal orientation and transitions from school to vocational training and work positively. Therefore the Resource Model of Coping with Life was applied as theoretical framework. A secondary data analysis wasconducted using the Transition Panel of the German Youth Institute. Three measuring points were integrated in logistic regression modeling: 1) Baseline-survey at the end of compulsory school (N=3922), 2) survey half a year after compulsory school (N=1701), 3) survey five years after school (N=873). As expected small relationships between leisure activities and vocational goal orientation were found. No effects of leisure activities could be found for the transition half a year after school. Hence for the transition five years after compulsory schooling little positive effects could be found for organized leisure activities. The effects persist while controlling for socio economic status, migration background and sex." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:Berufsorientierung; vocational guidance; Berufsvorbereitung; vocational preparation; career aspiration; pupil; sozioökonomische Faktoren; Federal Republic of Germany; vocational education; Jugendlicher; club; attainment of qualification; Hauptschule; Persönlichkeitsentwicklung; Qualifikationserwerb; Schüler; personality development; adolescent; recreational activity; Berufswunsch; leisure time behavior; Verein; Freizeitverhalten; socioeconomic factors; career start; Freizeitbeschäftigung; Berufsbildung; Berufseinmündung; gender-specific factors; Hauptschule
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie
What makes a difference for disadvantaged girls? Investigating the interplay between group composition and positive youth development in sport
Autor/in:
Schaillée, Hebe; Theeboom, Marc; Cauwenberg, Jelle van
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 3 (2015) 3, S 51-66
Inhalt: It has been suggested that group composition can influence the experiences of individual group members in social programmes (Weiss, 1998). The purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between peer group composition in sports programmes and positive youth development (PYD) in disadvantaged girls, as well as to determine whether it was moderated by personal characteristics. Two hundred young women aged between 10 and 24 completed a questionnaire including, among others, the "Youth Experience Survey for Sport" (YES-S) (MacDonald, Côté, Eys, & Deakin, 2012) and questions regarding participants' socio-economic characteristics (i.e., nationality, education, family situation). Multilevel regression analyses were performed to take into account the hierarchical data structure. At the group level, a higher percentage of girls from a low educational track and with a migration background predicted greater PYD, as indicated by higher levels of personal and social skills, cognitive skills and goal setting. Results showed interaction effects between the respondents' family structures on the participant and team levels. The overall statistical models for the different developmental domains accounted for variance ranging from 14,7% (personal and social skills) to 30,3% (cognitive skills). Results indicated that the extent to which disadvantaged girls derive benefits from their participation in sport also depends on the group composition. The interaction effects between the group composition and individual characteristics suggest that when girls participate in a group of similar peers, those from non-intact families will derive more benefits than their counterparts from intact families.
Patterns of changes in men's health from demographic indicators and epidemiologic
Titelübersetzung:Patrones de cambios en la salud de los hombres de indicadores demográfica y epidemiológica
Autor/in:
Santos, Vanessa Cruz; Santos, Mayra Gomes; Vilela, Alba Benemérita Alves; Nery, Adriana Alves; Casotti, Cezar Augusto; Boery, Eduardo Nagib
Quelle: Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental Online, 7 (2015) 2, S 2569-2581
Inhalt: Objective: to analyze patterns of change on human health in the period 2006 to 2010 through demographic and epidemiological indicators. Method: an epidemiological study, descriptive subsidized on data from the Department of Computer Science of SUS (DATASUS) of the Ministry of Health, Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics and Integrated System of Penitentiary Information, in the period 2006 to 2010. For the tables and data analysis tools developed by DATASUS were used - TabWin and TabNet, besides the program Microsoft Office Excel 2007. Results: among the indicators of morbidity and mortality, the result from external causes in all kinds were growing in the studied years and higher in males population compared to female. Conclusion: the health problems most prevalent in the male population are preventable, then, health education can contribute in changing the behavioral and cultural profile of this population, which has negative consequences to their health.
Schlagwörter:Gesundheit; health; Epidemiologie; epidemiology; demographische Faktoren; demographic factors; Gesundheitspolitik; health policy; gender; woman; Mann; man; Vergleich; comparison; Sterblichkeit; mortality; Krankheit; illness; Gesundheitserziehung; health education; Gesundheitsverhalten; health behavior; kulturelle Faktoren; cultural factors
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Gesundheitspolitik