There is no discrimination between girls and boys!
Autor/in:
Demiral, Seran
Quelle: Society Register, 3 (2019) 4, S 137-156
Inhalt: This paper refers to a selected fragmant, which is about children’s gendered behaviours and children’s thoughts on gender issue, of an ethnographic study on children’s subjectivitation processes through digital technologies. For this whole study, philosophy for children approach was used as a technique to conduct focus group interviews with children in a periodical basis. The selected parts for this paper are based on three different sections of those interviews; first one is about children’s opinions on gender roles, referring to gendered occupations and plays for kids, the second one is also conducted to reveal the hidden discourses on gender in real society and virtual world which has been built on the existed world, and lastly adult-children hierarchical relations, was debated with children in order to connect this distinction to gender differences, will be mentioned.
Gender equality and children's equality in liberal and conservative discourses: implications toward language and society
Autor/in:
Odrowąż-Coates, Anna
Quelle: Society Register, 3 (2019) 4, S 7-16
Inhalt: This introductory article is intended to open the volume of work prepared by the participants of the 12th UNESCO Janusz Korczak Chair International Summer School. The participants presented these papers at the RC25 ISA Interim International Conference in Warsaw, entitled: "Language and Society. Research Advances in Social Sciences" (26-27.09.2019), exploring the concepts of gender equality and children's equality in liberal and conservative discourses and practices invested in language. The papers in this volume primarily use the methodology of discourse analysis and a range of tools and methods within this framework. The purpose is to shed light on how discourses inform preferences, behaviours and representations, towards the positioning of individuals in society, based on their respective gender and their individual status - whether an adult or a child. It is interesting to explore what is expected of the holders of these positions and whether they are able to confront and renegotiate their situation. The authors look into gendered childhood, analysing if differences can be found in so-called conservative and liberal discourses. The gender aspect of childhood and the resistance towards children’s expected positions interlinked to their gender is visible to diverse degrees in this selection of papers. The concept of social positioning due to one's gender is at the heart of this volume. Therefore, this Editorial forms a theoretical backstage for the volume of works included in the special post-conference issue of Society Register.
Schlagwörter:Kindheit; childhood; gender; Kind; child; Erwachsener; adult; Gleichstellung; affirmative action; family unit; ideology; political orientation; sociology of religion; power; social positioning
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Gender construction in sports, family habitus and "gender regime"
Autor/in:
Mennesson, Christine; Forté, Lucie
Quelle: Society Register, 2 (2018) 1, S 99-112
Inhalt: This article is based on data collected during a qualitative survey on children's leisure practices and family socialisation patterns. The paper focuses more specifically on the cross effects of gender and social class on the construction of body hexis and relationship to sports. The results show that several dimensions of family habitus must be taken into account: lifestyles, way in which parents divide the tasks of raising children and relationship they have with social competition or gender norms. Moreover, taking these different dimensions into account must be accompanied by an analysis of the concrete modes of socialization within the family and the practice context.
Schlagwörter:Sozialisation; socialization; gender; Kind; sports; child; soziale Klasse; social class; Sport; body hexis; relationship to sport; gender
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Freizeitforschung, Freizeitsoziologie, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung
Role of non-governmental organizations in the daily lives of the Afghan and Pathan children and youth working on the streets
Autor/in:
Khalid, Asma
Quelle: Pakistan Administrative Review, 1 (2017) 1, S 3-18
Inhalt: This article aims to investigate the role and effectiveness of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in the daily lives of the Afghan and Pathan children and youth working on the streets. In this ethnographic research, 30 girls and boys, aged 12 to 16, were involved in the data generation. Three NGOs were selected in Rawalpindi and Islamabad. In this research, children and youth discussed that one of the NGOs is meeting the needs of education and other two NGOs are putting their efforts but to a limited extent. This investigation also revealed that none of the studied NGOs have focused on the work based learning and skills development, however contributing to a very limited scope. The studied group has valued the NGOs' consideration of respect and dignity aspects in their operations. It is concluded that NGOs need to plan comprehensively to play an effective role to improve the daily lives of their target groups such as children and youth working on the streets.
SSOAR Kategorie:Ethnologie, Kulturanthropologie, Ethnosoziologie, Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Lehre und Studium, Professionalisierung und Ethik, Organisationen und Verbände der Sozialarbeit und Sozialpädagogik, soziale Probleme
Promoting social inclusion through sport for refugee-background youth in Australia: analysing different participation models
Autor/in:
Gibbs, Lisa; Block, Karen
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 5 (2017) 2, S 91-100
Inhalt: Sports participation can confer a range of physical and psychosocial benefits and, for refugee and migrant youth, may even act as a critical mediator for achieving positive settlement and engaging meaningfully in Australian society. This group has low participation rates however, with identified barriers including costs; discrimination and a lack of cultural sensitivity in sporting environments; lack of knowledge of mainstream sports services on the part of refugee-background settlers; inadequate access to transport; culturally determined gender norms; and family attitudes. Organisations in various sectors have devised programs and strategies for addressing these participation barriers. In many cases however, these responses appear to be ad hoc and under-theorised. This article reports findings from a qualitative exploratory study conducted in a range of settings to examine the benefits, challenges and shortcomings associated with different participation models. Interview participants were drawn from non-government organisations, local governments, schools, and sports clubs. Three distinct models of participation were identified, including short term programs for refugee-background children; ongoing programs for refugee-background children and youth; and integration into mainstream clubs. These models are discussed in terms of their relative challenges and benefits and their capacity to promote sustainable engagement and social inclusion for this population group.
Comparing the self-control and behavioral problems of girls in employed and unemployed mothers
Autor/in:
Babanezhad, Fahimeh
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 58, S 68-74
Inhalt: This research aims to compare styles of self-control and behavioral problems of girls in employed and unemployed mothers. In this research that was done using casual-comparison method (after events) 100 employed mothers and 100 unemployed ones of girls of elementary schools in district 4 of Tehran were selected as the sample based on cluster-random method. Self-control questionnaire (Allahverdipour et al., 2005) and children's behavioral problem questionnaire (parental form, 1994) were used for information collection that was previously normalized in studies conducted in Iran and its validity has been confirmed. In this research, reliability of the questionnaire was assessed through Cronbach alpha and was confirmed with a high reliability of 0.80. The t-test was used to test the hypotheses. The results showed that the average of self-control in employed mothers is significantly more than that in unemployed mothers. Also, the results showed that there is a statistically significant difference between girls of employed and unemployed women in hyperactivity and aggression, anxiety and depression, disorder, and lack of attention. This research confirms that employment of women results in enhancement of behavioral disorder among children. It is suggested that policy makers and planners in the country must pay attention to this point.
Quelle: Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research, 8 (2013) 2, S 205-222
Inhalt: "Kindliches Medienverhalten ist heute zunehmend geprägt durch die Hinwendung zu digitalen Medien, insbesondere zu Spielen auf mobilen Endgeräten. Damit nehmen Kinder Teil an einem medialen und gesellschaftlichen Wandel, in dem Mobilität von zentraler Bedeutung ist. Zur Nutzung und Verarbeitung mobiler Spiele durch Kinder liegen allerdings sowohl national wie international bisher kaum sozialwissenschaftliche oder psychologische Untersuchungen vor. Erziehungswissenschaftlich ausgerichtete Studien, die herangezogen werden können, thematisieren vornehmlich Lernaspekte. In diesem Beitrag werden daher erstmals Daten über Nutzung und Bedeutung von digitalen Spielen auf mobilen Endgeräten bei Kindern im Alter von 6 bis 13 Jahren vorgelegt, mit besonderem Fokus auf den Stellenwert des Mobilen beim digitalen Spielen. Es handelt sich um erste Ergebnisse eines triangulativ angelegten zweijährigen Forschungsprojekts der Universität zu Köln und Fachhochschule Köln. Als zentrale Ergebnisse zeigen sich: Mobiles Spielen ist ein fester Bestandteil der heutigen Lebenswelt von Kindern. Dabei nimmt die Mobilität einen wichtigen Stellenwert beim digitalen Spielen ein." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "The media behavior of today's children is increasingly informed by an orientation towards digital media, especially towards gaming on mobile devices. Therefore, children are actively participating in a change within society and the media landscape, in which mobility is taking a central position. As of now, there are very few national or international studies in the fields of social science and psychology that deal with children's use and their psychological processing of mobile games. In the context of educational science, all available studies mainly focus on aspects of learning. This article provides initial data on the use and relevance of digital games on mobile devices among 6- to 13-year-old children and especially focuses on the significance of mobility in digital gaming. It encompasses the first results of a two-year research project that uses the method of triangulation and is being conducted by the University of Cologne and the Cologne University of Applied Sciences. The central findings are that mobile gaming is a consistent part of the environment of today's children and that within children's digital gaming, mobility has an important status." (author's abstract)
Die unsichtbare Generation: Kinder sowjetischer Besatzungssoldaten in Österreich und Deutschland
Titelübersetzung:The invisible generation: children of Soviet occupations soldiers in Austria and Germany
Autor/in:
Stelzl-Marx, Barbara
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 34 (2009) 3, S 352-372
Inhalt: 'Nach dem Zweiten Weltkrieg kamen in ganz Österreich und Deutschland sogenannte 'Besatzungskinder' auf die Welt: als Folge freiwilliger sexueller Beziehungen zwischen einheimischen Frauen und Besatzungsangehörigen, aber auch als Folge von Vergewaltigungen. Sie galten als 'Kinder des Feindes', obwohl die Väter de jure keine Feinde mehr waren, und waren - gemeinsam mit ihren Müttern - meist unterschiedlichen Formen von Diskriminierung ausgesetzt. Gerade Kinder sowjetischer Besatzungsangehöriger bildeten eine 'ideale' Angriffsfläche für rassische, ideologische und moralische Vorurteile, was zum Teil auch eine Folge der NS-Propaganda darstellte. 'Russenkind' oder auch 'Russenbalg' war noch in den 1960er Jahren ein gebräuchliches Schimpfwort. Gemäß Stalins Politik waren Eheschließungen zwischen sowjetischen Soldaten und österreichischen bzw. deutschen Frauen so gut wie ausgeschlossen. Die meisten Armeeangehörigen wurden sogar zurück in die UdSSR versetzt, sobald eine derartige Liaison publik wurde. Jahrzehntelang war ein Kontakt beinahe unmöglich. Somit wuchs die Mehrheit der 'Besatzungskinder' als eine vaterlose Generation auf. Die Suche nach dem Vater ist für viele der Betroffenen Zeit ihres Lebens ein Thema. Im Vordergrund steht die Ergründung der eigenen Identität, die Frage nach den persönlichen Wurzeln.' (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: 'After the Second World War, so-called 'children of occupation' were born all over Austria and Germany: as a result of voluntary sexual encounters between local women and foreign occupation troops, but also as a consequence of rape. They were often regarded as 'children of the enemy' and - together with their mothers - were frequently discriminated against. Especially the children of Soviet occupation troops were confronted with racial, ideological and moral prejudice that can be traced back to the Nazi era. 'Russenkind' ('Russian child') or 'Russenbalg' ('Russian brat') were common abusive words up to the 1960s. In accordance with Stalin's policy, weddings between Soviet soldiers and Austrian or German women were practically impossible. Most soldiers or officers were even sent back to the USSR when their liaisons with local women became known. For several decades hardly any contact was feasible. Thus the majority of 'children of occupation' grew up as a fatherless generation. Many of them have been in search of their biological fathers, regardless of the difficulty of obtaining any reliable information. This is linked with the desire to explore one's own identity and look for one's personal roots.' (author's abstract)
Ungleiche Kindheiten: eine kindheitssoziologische Annäherung
Titelübersetzung:Unequal childhoods: a childhood-sociological approach
Autor/in:
Bühler-Niederberger, Doris; Mierendorff, Johanna
Quelle: Diskurs Kindheits- und Jugendforschung / Discourse. Journal of Childhood and Adolescence Research, 4 (2009) 4, S 449-456
Inhalt: "Die Annäherung an die Differenzen, die mit Kindheit verbunden sind, soll den Aspekt einer gesellschaftlich konstruierten generationalen Ordnung mit der Aufmerksamkeit auf soziale Ungleichheiten nach Status der Herkunftsfamilie, Gender, Ethnie zusammen denken. Das ist das Postulat der neuen Kindheitssoziologie und diese gewinnt damit gegenüber der herkömmlichen schichtspezifischen Sozialisationsforschung wie auch gegenüber aktuellen Messungen von 'child well-being' an soziologischem Potential und an analytischer Distanz zu normativen Voreinstellungen. Akteure, Interessen und Prozesse des Ausschlusses, die mit dem normativen Muster 'guter Kindheit' und seiner ungleichen Realisierung verknüpft sind, geraten in den Fokus des Interesses und Kindheit wird als Modus der Reproduktion fundamentaler sozialer Ungleichheiten greifbar." (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: "An approach to the differences inherent in childhood should take into account the generational order as it is defined by society and at the same time be attentive to social inequalities with respect to status of the family of origin, gender and ethnicity. This is the claim of the new sociology of childhood, which in this way is gaining sociological potential as well as analytical distance from normative biases relative to traditional class-specific research on socialization as well as current measurements of 'child well-being'. Increasing attention is being paid to actors, interests and processes of exclusion associated with the pattern of 'good childhood' and its unequal realization, and childhood becomes manifest as a mode of reproducing fundamental social inequality." (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:soziologische Theorie; sociological theory; Soziologie; sociology; Kind; child; Kindheit; childhood; Sozialwissenschaft; social science; Ungleichheit; inequality; soziale Ungleichheit; social inequality; Armut; poverty; soziales Problem; social problem; Jugendlicher; adolescent; Unterschicht; lower class; kulturelles Kapital; cultural capital; Bildungsdefizit; education deficit; Medien; media; Krankheit; illness; Schule; school; soziale Herkunft; social background; soziale Lage; social situation; Lebenssituation; life situation; Reproduktion; reproduction
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit
Der lange Schatten des Zweiten Weltkriegs: Kinder deutscher Wehrmachtssoldaten und einheimischer Frauen in Dänemark
Titelübersetzung:The long shadow of the Second World War: children of German soldiers and local women born in Denmark during World War II
Autor/in:
Mochmann, Ingvill C.; Oland, Arne
Quelle: Historical Social Research, 34 (2009) 3, S 283-303
Inhalt: 'In diesem Aufsatz sollen Erfahrungen von Kindern deutscher Soldaten und Däninnen analysiert werden, die während der Besatzung Dänemarks im 2. Weltkrieg geboren wurden. Die Frage ist, inwieweit die biologische Herkunft als Kind eines deutschen Soldaten für den Lebensweg von Bedeutung gewesen ist. Zuerst soll der militärische Kontext der Okkupation Dänemarks durch Deutschland kurz zusammengefasst werden. Danach wird auf die dänischen Frauen eingegangen, die eine Beziehung zu einem deutschen Soldaten hatten, sowie deren Situation während und nach dem 2. Weltkrieg. Dies ist wichtig, um zu verstehen, welcher Handlungsrahmen für die fraternisierenden Däninnen vorhanden war, vor allem wenn sie schwanger und Mutter eines Kind des Krieges wurden. Letztlich sollen die Situation und Erfahrungen der Kinder, die von Wehrmachtssoldaten und dänischen Frauen während der Okkupation in Dänemark gezeugt wurden, dargestellt und diskutiert werden. Zusammenfassend zeigen die Ergebnisse ein differenziertes Bild in Bezug auf Erlebnisse und Lebenssituationen dieser Kinder sowie ihre Einstellung zur biologischen Herkunft und deren Bedeutung für ihren Lebensweg.' (Autorenreferat)
Inhalt: 'In this paper experiences of Danish children born of war will be analyzed. The question is to what extent the biological background as a child fathered by a German soldier has been of importance for the child's life course. Firstly, the military context of the occupation will be summarized. Thereafter, information on the Danish women who had relationships with German soldiers will be presented as well as their position within Danish society during and after World War II. This is important in order to understand which options the fraternizing women had, in particular when pregnant or mother of a child born of war. Finally, the situation and experiences of the children of German soldiers and local Danish women during the occupation of Denmark will be discussed. In summary, the results indicate a differentiated picture of this group, both in relation to experiences and life situation as well as with regard to attitudes towards their own biological origin and the impact this has had on their life course.' (author's abstract)
Schlagwörter:soziale Herkunft; soldier; wedding; Schwangerschaft; Heirat; Denmark; pregnancy; social relations; Kind; Zweiter Weltkrieg; collaboration; war; Lebenssituation; nichteheliches Kind; adoption; child brought up in an institution; Adoption; Dänemark; Besatzungsmacht; illegitimate child; soziale Beziehungen; Ehe; social background; marriage; occupying power; World War II; Vaterschaft; Kollaboration; Heimkind; Krieg; identity; life situation; Vergewaltigung; woman; Identität; rape; child; nationale Identität; Soldat; fatherhood; national identity
SSOAR Kategorie:Jugendsoziologie, Soziologie der Kindheit, Friedens- und Konfliktforschung, Sicherheitspolitik, Sozialgeschichte, historische Sozialforschung