Inhalt: Science is an institution with immense inequality in career attainments. Women and
most minorities, as groups, have lower levels of participation, position, productivity,
and recognition than do white men. Research in the sociology of science has focused
on the degree to which different outcomes have resulted from universalistic and from
particularistic processes. In this paper we 1) depict the career attainments of women
and minorities in science, 2) consider the meaning and measurement of universalism
compared to particularism, 3) analyze the causes of differential attainment with a
view to assessing evidence for violations of universalism, 4) propose conditions under
which particularism is likely to occur, and 5) consider methodological problems that
affect this research." (author's abstract)|
Schlagwörter:Karriere; Wissenschaftlerin; Akademikerin
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz