Quelle: Journal of women and minorities in science and engineering, Vol. 10 (2004) No. 4, S. 353-360
Inhalt: "To examine how an author's gender influences his or her research output, the authors analyzed (not simply scored) more than 900 published articles in nine leading scientific journals in the field of evolutionary ecology. Women were strongly underrepresented in all countries, but this bias is decreasing. Men and women differed significantly in their fields of research, with women preferentially conducting projects on behavior rather than evolution or ecology. Most aspects of the structure of published articles and the level of conceptual generality were unaffected by an author's gender. Because discriminatory practices by reviewers and editors can be manifested in attributes of the articles that survive the review process, the latter result suggests a lack of gender-based discrimination during the review process. Gender differences in research output presumably reflect a complex array of genetic and social influences; a clearer understanding of these causal factors may help identify (and thus reduce) gender-based discrimination." (author's abstract)
Quelle: Science Scope, Vol. 24 (2001) No. 8, S. 49-51
Inhalt: "This article points out the challenges female scientists have in obtaining recognition and discusses why the percentage of women in science is low; explains how teachers can help." (author's abstract)
CEWS Kategorie:Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Blockierte Karrieren : Frauen in der Hochschule
Titelübersetzung:Blocked careers : women in universities
Autor/in:
Geenen, Elke M.
Quelle: Opladen: Leske u. Budrich (Kieler Beiträge zur Politik und Sozialwissenschaft, Bd. 9), 1994. 212 S.
Inhalt: "Dieses Buch bietet eine systematische Analyse zu einem brisanten Thema: Frauen haben innerhalb der Hochschule fachspezifisch unterschiedliche Karrierechancen. Die Muster der Diskriminierung verlaufen jedoch nicht entlang der Linie zwischen den philosophischen und technischen oder naturwissenschaftlichen Fächern. Sie sind auch keineswegs auf die obersten Stufen der Hierarchie beschränkt." (Autorenreferat)
The outer circle : women in the scientific community
Herausgeber/in:
Zuckerman, Harriet; Cole, Jonathan R.; Bruer, John T.
Quelle: New York: Norton, 1991. 351 S.
Inhalt: "Science, historically, has been a man's field. With few exceptions, well-educated, eminently capable women scientists have traditionally been relegated to less influential positions, working as laboratory assistants or assistant professors while their male counterparts receive tenure, recognition, and salary increases. What are the reasons for this continuing exclusion of women from science's 'inner circle'? 'The Outer Circle: Women in the Scientific Community' is a groundbreaking sociological study of the place of women in the largely male-dominated world of modern-day science. It explores the subtle alienation of women scientists - and its profound effect on their work. Though the number of women in science has virtually tripled in recent years, women scientists remain an unrewarded minority, and their contributions still lag far behind." (author's abstract). Contents: The outer circle: women's position in the scientific community: 1. The careers of men and women scientists: a review of current research (27-56); Harriet Zuckerman. 2. Citation Classics: Women's and men's perceptions of their contributions to science (57-70); Helen S. Astin: 3. Interview with Salome Waelsch (71-93); 4. Interview with Andrea Dupree (94-126); 5. Interview with Sandra Panem (127-154); II Are women less procuctive scientists? Jonathan R. Cole, Harriet Zuckerman: 6. Marriage, motherhood, and research performance in science (157-170); Wiliam T. Bielby: 7. Sex differences in careers: is science a special case? (169-187); Mary Frank Fox: 8. Gender, environmental milieu, and productivity in science (188-204); Stephen Cole, Robert Fiorentine: 9. Discrimination against women in science: the confusion of outcome with process (205-226); Evelyn Fox Keller: 10. The wo/man scientist: issues of sex and gender in the pursuit of science (227-236); II Women's careers: The Obstacle Course: Cynthia Fuchs Epstein: 11. Constraints on excellence: structural and cultural barriers to the recognition and demonstration of achievement (239-258); 12. Owen M. Fiss: An uncertain inheritance (259-273); IV A theoretical explanation: Jonathan R. Cole, Burton Singer: 13. A theory of limited differences: explaining the productivity puzzle in science (277-310).
CEWS Kategorie:Berufsbiographie und Karriere, Wissenschaft als Beruf
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
The origins of sex differences in science
Autor/in:
Long, J. Scott
Quelle: Social forces : an international journal of social research associated with the Southern Sociological Society, Vol. 68 (1990) No. 4, S. 1297-1315
Inhalt: "The sociology of science has clearly established the presence of sex differences in scientific productivity and position. This article examines the processes leading to the lower productivity of female scientists at the completion of their doctoral training. Collaboration with the mentor is found to be the most important factor affecting productivity. For females, opportunities for collaboration are significantly decreased by having young children. As a consequence, the presence of young children has an adverse, indirect effect on the productivity of female scientists during graduate study. This effect does not exist for males. In addition to differences in the process of collaboration, many small differences that disadvantage women and advantage men are found in the levels of resources affecting productivity and in the mechanisms by which resources are translated into productivity. The concentration of small disadvantages provides a further explanation of sex differences in productivity at the start of the career. Since early advantages and disadvantages have been found to accumulate, this article provides an essential first step in understanding sex differences in scientific productivity and position that emerge during the career." (author's abstract)