Privileged Daughters? Gendered Mobility among Highly Educated Chinese Female Migrants in the UK
Autor/in:
Tu, Mengwei; Xie, Kailing
Quelle: Social Inclusion, 8 (2020) 2, S 68-76
Inhalt: The one-child generation daughters born to middle-class Chinese parents enjoy the privilege of concentrated family resources and the opportunity for education overseas. We focus on the "privileged daughters" who have studied abroad and remained overseas as professionals. Using three cases of post-student female migrants who were of different ages and at different life stages, we situate their socioeconomic mobility in the context of intergenerational relationships and transnational social space. Drawing on further interview data from the same project we argue that, although the "privileged daughters" have achieved geographical mobility and upward social mobility, through education and a career in a Western country, their life choices remain heavily influenced by their parents in China. Such findings highlight the transnationally transferred gendered burden among the relatively "elite" cohort, thus revealing a more nuanced gendered interpretation of transnational socioeconomic mobility.
The Migration of Career-Starter Hungarian Graduate Women to the Countries of the European Union
Autor/in:
Czibere, Ibolya; Schranz, Edit
Quelle: Social Sciences, 9 (2020) 5, S 1-19
Inhalt: In our paper, we present the reasons for and characteristics of the increasing migration of graduate women, mostly undertaken alone. In Hungary, in the context of the acceleration of migration experienced after 2010, two phenomena can be observed: (1) Due to positive selection a high proportion of well-trained young graduates have moved to live abroad; (2) over the past few years, a higher proportion of those migrating for work have been female graduates in their maternity age. Thus, not only is the process of weakening of the male dominance among the emigrants clearly perceptible, but a Hungary-related version of the feminization of the brain drain phenomenon due to the labor market demand of the host countries is also evolving. In this study, we examine the motivations of graduate women to work abroad and the success of their integration. Our qualitative study examines motivations for migration among college graduate females, who are just starting their career. We have explored social forces that influence emigration among the highest educated. We have also studied integration and assimilation strategies among Hungarian women working in the European Union. Our findings contribute to and extend research that focuses on push and pull factors in migration, as well as the interpretation of gender differences in migration, especially among the highest educated.
Schlagwörter:Mikrozensus; microcensus; Auslandstätigkeit; work abroad; Migration; migration; woman; Arbeitsmigration; labor migration; Brain Drain; brain drain; EU; EU; Ungar; Hungarian; Abwanderung; out-migration; Fachkraft; specialist; feminization of brain drain; causes of migration
SSOAR Kategorie:Migration, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Arbeitsmarktforschung
Politik der Differenzen: Ethnisierung, Rassismen und Antirassismus im weißen feministischen Aktivismus in Wien
Autor/in:
Mayer, Stefanie
Quelle: Opladen (Politik und Geschlecht, 31), 2018. 465 S
Inhalt: Die Autorin beschäftigt sich mit Praktiken und Debatten zu Migration und ethnisierten Differenzen, Rassismen und Antirassismus im Kontext des feministischen Aktivismus in Wien. In einer Längsschnittbetrachtung von den 1980er bis zu den 2010er Jahren fragt die Arbeit, wie weiße feministische Aktivistinnen machtvolle ethnisierte Differenzen verhandeln - im expliziten Sprechen ebenso wie im impliziten Tun. Nicht zuletzt geht es um die Frage, wie in diesen Praktiken nicht nur die Andere konstruiert, sondern auch Eigenes hergestellt wird. Die Arbeit schließt nicht nur eine Lücke feministischer Bewegungsgeschichte, sondern liefert Analysen des umstrittenen Zusammenhangs von Geschlechterverhältnissen und ethnisierten Differenzen. Den theoretischen Rahmen bildet eine praxistheoretische Perspektive, die mit diskurstheoretischen Überlegungen zusammengedacht und durch Konzepte aus feministischen und postkolonialen Ansätzen inhaltlich gefüllt wird.
"Gender Refugees" in South Africa: the "Common-Sense" Paradox
Titelübersetzung:"Genderflüchtlinge" in Südafrika: das Paradoxon des "gesunden Menschenverstandes"
Autor/in:
Camminga, B
Quelle: Africa Spectrum, 53 (2018) 1, S 89-112
Inhalt: Südafrika ist das einzige Land auf dem afrikanischen Kontinent, das Transgender-Asylsuchende verfassungsrechtlich schützt. Dies erklärt den deutlichen Anstieg dieser Personengruppe im Asylsystem. Untersuchungen zwischen den Jahren 2012 und 2015 zeigen allerdings, dass als transgender bezeichnete Flüchtlinge oder "Genderflüchtlinge" in Südafrika statt Zuflucht weiterhin erhebliche Hürden im Alltag erfahren, die vergleichbar mit der Verfolgung in ihren Herkunftsländern sind. Ich argumentiere, dass dies zum Teil auf die Art ihres Asylantrags in Bezug auf das Geschlecht als ein System der dichotomen Verwaltung "des gesunden Menschenverstandes" zurückzuführen ist. Anstatt geschützte Genderflüchtlinge zu sein, werden sie als die Norm verletzendes Geschlecht angesehen. So finden sie sich paradoxerweise mit Rechten ausgestattet, aber unfähig, diese einzufordern.
Inhalt: South Africa is the only country on the African continent that constitutionally protects transgender asylum seekers. In light of this, it has seen a marked rise in the emergence of this category of person within the asylum system. Drawing on research carried out between 2012 and 2015, I argue that transgender-identified refugees or “gender refugees” from Africa, living in South Africa, rather than accessing refuge continue to experience significant hindrances to their survival comparable with the persecution experienced in their countries of origin. I argue this is in part due to the nature of their asylum claim in relation to gender as a wider system of “common-sense” dichotomous administration, something which remains relatively constant across countries of origin and refugee-receiving countries. Rather than being protected gender refugees, because they are read as violating the rules of normative gender, they find themselves paradoxically with rights, but unable to access them.
Partizipationsbiographien engagierter Migrantinnen: eine biographieanalytische Studie über Partizipationsprozesse im Kontext von Migration und Geschlecht
Autor/in:
Bel Adasme, Melisa
Quelle:
Inhalt: Migrantinnen engagieren sich auf vielfältiger Weise in der deutschen Gesellschaft, dies wird jedoch oft nicht oder kaum wahrgenommen. Die wenigen Studien, die sich mit Formen des Engagements von Migrantinnen beschäftigen, erklären nicht, warum Engagement ausgerechnet in einem bestimmten Bereich vollzogen wird und nicht in anderen. Genauso wenig wird etwas über die Umstände und die zeitlichen Ereignisabfolgen ausgesagt, die zum Engagement führen. Die biographische Perspektive ermöglicht es, den biographischen Partizipationsprozess, in dem sich Engagement herausbildet, in den Blick zu nehmen. So werden einerseits Migrantinnen als handelnde Akteurinnen und „Expertinnen“ wahrgenommen und ihre Ressourcen in den Vordergrund gestellt. Andererseits wird sichtbar, dass Engagement nur dann zustande kommt, wenn es zu der Lebenssituation und den jeweiligen biografischen Präferenzen „passt“. Dank dieser Perspektive können die partizipationsbiographischen Potenziale und Ressourcen, die sich prozesshaft in Wechselwirkung mit gesellschaftlichen Strukturen entwickeln und entfalten, in ihrer Entstehung betrachtet und analysiert werden.
The migration of qualified Lebanese women to France
Autor/in:
Menhem, Suzanne
Quelle: International Letters of Social and Humanistic Sciences, (2015) 58, S 8-17
Inhalt: Lebanon is defined as a country of emigration and immigration. Whereas previously, emigration was considered a male migration. Gradually, in recent years emigration has evolved and is becoming feminine also. Independent female migration is a growing phenomenon in the Lebanese society although men still play an important role in the migration project.In the past, women were emigrating most often in the context of family reunification, accompanying their husbands to join a member of their families. The majority of migrant women today are leaving the country for so many reasons (further education, work, etc.) and not only to join their husbands. This article examines highly skilled female migration from Lebanon. In France, the migration of skilled workers from Lebanon has experienced very rapid growth in the last decade. However, female migration does not seem to have been the subject of a sociological reading. The study includes qualitative analysis of twenty five cases studied of Lebanese skilled migrant women in France, especially a university degree or equivalent (nurses, architects, teachers, doctors, engineers, lawyers, researchers ...) who were not married or go join their family when they have emigrated, and they have a good command of French language, and who were not dual nationality holders. This article aims to fill some gaps in this area, examining the reasons for change: migration path, the link with the country of origin, the impact of female migration on their personal, social, cultural and family, their return project, exchanges on the remittances levels, career transition path and entrepreneurship, adaptations, their social networks, their identity reconstruction, etc. Besides, there are also non-measurable aspects noted as the autonomy of women to discuss.