Inhalt: The ebook edition of this title is Open Access and freely available to read online. The under-representation of women in research and innovation has been documented as a global phenomenon and is particularly heightened on decision-making boards and in leadership positions. Presenting a reflexive approach to gender equality for research organisations developed within the TARGET project, funded by the European Commission, the authors describe the experiences of the project's implementation in seven Gender Equality Innovating Institutions in the Mediterranean basin - including research performing organisations, research funding organisations and a network of universities. The TARGET approach goes beyond the formal adoption of a gender equality policy by emphasising an iterative and reflexive process towards equality at the institutional level as well as the establishment of a community of practice for gender equality within the institution. The approach is based on the assumption that actual change is the result of increased institutional willingness and capacity to identify, reflect on and address gender bias in a sustained way. Starting point and anchor of the process is a tailored gender equality plan for each institution. A specific characteristic of TARGET is the fact that implementing institutions are located in countries which have been characterised as relatively 'inactive' in developing gender equality policies in science and research. Therefore, internal and external communication about the relevance of gender equality in science and research forms an important element of a reflexive gender equality policy in contexts which are characterised by resistances, anti-genderism and traditional gender roles. This book will therefore be essential reading for higher education leaders and managers, and staff at all levels committed to achieving gender equity in higher education. This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.
Schlagwörter:europäischer Forschungsraum; european research area; Forschungseinrichtung; gender equality; gender equality measures; gender equality plan; gender equality policy; gender monitoring; Geschlechtergleichstellung; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; Gleichstellungsplan; Gleichstellungspolitik; higher education; Hochschule; Organisational Change; Organisationsentwicklung; Organisationswandel; research funding organisation; research organization; research performing organisation; Southeast Europe; structural change; Strukturreform; Südosteuropa; Transformation; transformative change
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Fördermaßnahmen, Frauen- und Gleichstellungsbeauftragte, Geschlechterverhältnis, Gleichstellungspolitik
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 161–179
Inhalt: Universities are large, complex and highly hierarchical organisations with deeply engrained gendered values, norms and practices. This chapter reflects on the experiences of two universities in initiating structural change towards gender equality as supported by the TARGET project. A common aspect thereby is the lack of a national policy in higher education and research providing specific support for implementing gender equality policies. The process of audit, design, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the first gender equality plan (GEP) in each of these universities was conceived as a first step in a long journey, providing a framework for engaging different institutional actors and fostering reflexive, evidence-based policy making. The analysis deals with reflexivity and resistance and seeks to draw lessons from bottom-up and top-down experiences of GEP implementation. It is the result of shared reflection between the GEP ‘implementers’ in the two universities and the team who provided support and acted as ‘critical friends’.
Schlagwörter:Communities of Practice; gender equality plan; Gleichstellungsplan; higher education; Hochschule; Marokko; morocco; Reflexivity; serbia
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 15–32
Inhalt: Gender equality plans (GEPs) are currently the preferred approach to initiate structural change towards gender equality in research organisations. In order to achieve structural change, GEPs have to be more than just a formally adopted institutional policy. Effective GEPs lead to a transformation of gendered practices and thus to structural change. This chapter presents the innovative approach developed for an H2020 structural change project and its theoretical background. We argue that due to the dual logic, which characterises academic organisations, the organisational logic and the academic logic, change is a complex endeavour. To deal with this complexity, one of the main functions of a GEP is to provide space and initiate reflexivity at an individual as well as at an institutional level. A theory of change approach supports reflexivity in all stages of a GEP as it ensures that basic assumptions of the institutional change process are questioned and reflected on by the different stakeholder groups involved in the implementation.
Schlagwörter:gender equality plan; institutional transformation; Reflexivity; research and innovation; resistance; theory of change
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Relevance of a CoP for a Reflexive Gender Equality Policy : A Structural Change Approach
Autor/in:
Palmén, Rachel; Caprile, Maria
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 53–69
Inhalt: This chapter discusses the relevance of a community of practice (CoP) for a reflexive gender equality policy and reflects on the different approaches taken within TARGET. It is based on the literature on CoPs and structural change as well as on experiences in transferring this approach to the context of implementing gender equality plans (GEPs) within different types of research organisations. While the notion of the CoP was coined in the 1990s, literature on gender and such communities remained scarce until a recent wealth of research looked at the role played by inter-institutional CoPs in advancing structural change in research organisations. In this chapter, we examine whether and how an institutional CoP approach has been a useful vehicle for gender equality plan development and how the different configurations of internal and external stakeholders within the CoPs have impacted GEP implementation.
Quelle: Overcoming the Challenge of Structural Change in Research Organisations. Angela Wroblewski (Hrsg.), Rachel Palmén (Hrsg.), Bingley: Emerald Publishing Limited. 2022, S 199–212
Inhalt: This chapter provides some concluding reflections on the different experiences of structural change encountered by the TARGET partners. The various TARGET partners had different roles in the structural change processes: seven organisations designed, implemented and monitored gender equality plans (GEPs) for the first time, two organisations provided tailored support to implementing institutions and one organisation evaluated GEP implementation. This edited volume provides an account of these diverse experiences of engaging with and catalysing structural change in very different research organisations operating in extremely different contexts both within the EU and beyond. The volume thus contributes to the growing body of literature generated from structural change projects by offering a specific focus on the TARGET approach. The TARGET process of structural change – undertaken through the development and implementation of tailored, evidence-based GEPs – was found to be strengthened through formal top management commitment and by taking a reflexive approach that was powered by communities of practice and supported by financial resources, gender expertise as well as gender and organisational change competences. Engaged institutions thus managed to overcome unfavourable conditions and implement tailor-made, context-specific interventions, some of them in areas at the cutting edge of topics and issues linked to gender equality in research and innovation such as tackling sexual harassment, sustainability and integrating the gender dimension into research content and curricula.
Schlagwörter:Communities of Practice; europäischer Forschungsraum; european research area; gender equality plan; Gleichstellungsplan; research and innovation; research funding organisation; research performing organisation; structural change; Strukturwandel
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerksbeitrag
Analysing facilitating and hindering factors for implementing gender equality interventions in R&I : Structures and processes
Quelle: Evaluation and program planning, 77 (2019)
Inhalt: This article analyses the facilitating and hindering factors that have affected the implementation of gender equality interventions in research and innovation in Europe. It applies the evaluation framework developed in the EFFORTI project that recognizes the complexity of evaluating gender equality interventions in R&I, the importance of factoring in context to any sound evaluation as well as the need to distinguish between the design and implementation of interventions in evaluations. It is based on the analysis of 19 empirical case studies carried out throughout Europe and focuses on those structural and procedural factors that have either facilitated or hindered the implementation process of these interventions. Findings include how the governance framework; top-management commitment; bottom-up participation; framing synergies with other initiatives, strategies for tackling resistance; resources; sustainability of actions; gender competence, experience and knowledge and transparency, targets, standards and monitoring; and accessible data and information all contributed to the successful implementation of the interventions.
Schlagwörter:Evaluation; Facilitators; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; Gleichstellungspolitik; Implementation; Obstacles; Procedural factors; Structural factors; Strukturwandel; theory of change; Widerstand
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Quelle: Interdisciplinary Science Reviews, 44 (2019) 2, S 154–165
Inhalt: This article provides an overview of the theoretical assumptions, methods, and key results from the Evaluation Framework for Promoting Gender Equality in Research and Innovation (EFFORTI) project, which was funded by the European Commission. The purpose of EFFORTI was to analyse the impact of interventions to promote gender equality in research and innovation (R&I), and to establish criteria for more responsible and responsive research and innovation (RRI) systems in Europe. This article provides an overview of the project’s main results and the lessons learnt from the empirical analysis of R&I systems in several European countries and a comparison of 19 gender equality intervention measures.
Schlagwörter:EU-Projekt; Evaluation; Gender; impact; program evaluation; theory of change; Wirkungsanalyse
Quelle: Evaluation Framework for Promoting Gender Equality in R&I; , 2019.
Inhalt: This deliverable compares and summarises the 19 gender equality interventions in RTDI case studies carried out across Europe (Austria, Denmark, Germany Hungary, Spain and Sweden) in the framework of EFFORTI (Evaluation Framework for Promoting Gender Equality in R&I) H2020 research project.
Schlagwörter:evaluation methodology; Evaluationsbericht; Evaluationsforschung; F&I-Politik; Gleichstellungspolitik; impact analysis; impact assessment; internationaler Vergleich; Logic-Chart-Analyse; theory of change
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Gleichstellungspolitik
Quelle: Evaluation Framework for Promoting Gender Equality in R&I; , 2018. 83 S
Inhalt: The main objective of this report is to understand the influence of wider contextual framework conditions in Spain on structuring the situation of women in RTDI, their career opportunities and, subsequently, on the effects of gender equality measures in RTDI. Based on the objectives of the EFFORTI project we have considered following contextual framework conditions as relevant:
• the structure and performance of the research and innovation system,
• gender equality policies in the labour market and welfare policies related to reproductive work and child-care,
• the governance and existing policies of gender equality in RTDI and
• the evaluation culture and policy especially in the field of gender equality in RTDI.
In a concluding chapter the findings of each country note are summarized. This provides a better understanding of how gender equality policies in RTDI are related to the innovation system on the one hand and to broader policies of gender equality and welfare regimes on the other.
With this report we acknowledge the need to analyse the structure and governance of innovation systems and the societal environments in terms of the opportunities and constraints offered by various gender, welfare and innovation regimes for women's employment. This task is particularly important as programs and initiatives to promote gender equality in RTDI are located at the interface of different policy environments of the innovation system and gender equality as well as welfare policies. For each EFFORTI country (Austria, Denmark, France, Germany, Hungary, Spain, Sweden) such a report was compiled because the selected programs and initiatives that will be analysed as case studies, are embedded in different contexts and interact differently with their environment. The national country notes will provide a better understanding of these contexts.
Subsequently, the seven national country notes will be compared with each other in a comparative report. The comparative report will focus on the interfaces between the three domains innovation system, welfare and gender equality policy initiatives as well as of evaluation cultures and how they are reflected in gender equality programs in RTDI. A special emphasis will be put on how gender equality policies are embedded in and aligned with national innovation policies.