“Flying under the radar”: Postfeminism and teaching in academic science
Autor/in:
Doerr, Katherine
Quelle: Gend Work Organ (Gender, Work and Organization), (2022)
Inhalt: Neoliberal academia is marked by vertical and horizontal gender segregation, and science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) is a particularly concerning case. Women with PhDs are underrepresented, and when they do participate, they are more likely than men to be in teaching-intensive roles. Beyond equality concerns, this is problematic because when women are interpreters rather than producers of disciplinary knowledge, the STEM enterprise remains gender-biased. Using data from a 2-year ethnography with physical science faculty in teaching-intensive roles, this paper argues that gender inequity is reproduced through postfeminist discourses of work-life balance. Participants who are mothers say they are flying under the radar at work. They self-surveille as they engage in both paid labor as university educators and unpaid carework at home. Importantly, when participants challenge hegemonic gender norms, they attract the radar's attention and are sanctioned. This study contributes to a growing understanding of how and why women are marginalized in STEM careers. Women with science PhDs fulfill their university's teaching mission with minimal support for the implied compensation of work-life balance, leaving the institutional structures which privilege men's participation in STEM research intact.
Quelle: Opladen, Berlin, Toronto: Barbara Budrich, 2022. 277 S
Inhalt: Entgegen allen Objektivitäts- und Neutralitätsansprüchen bestehen an deutschen Hochschulen Geschlechterungleichheiten fort. Insbesondere im MINT-Bereich sind Frauen* noch immer unterrepräsentiert. Der Sammelband greift Fragen nach den Gründen für die anhaltenden Ungleichheiten sowie Veränderungsmöglichkeiten im Kontext der Diskurse zu Fachkulturen und Intersektionalität auf und diskutiert Strategien für mehr Geschlechtergerechtigkeit an Hochschulen. Das Buch gliedert sich dabei in drei thematische Abschnitte: I. Gleichstellungsdiskurse und Vergeschlechtlichung an Hochschulen, II. Empirische Ergebnisse und III. Perspektiven. Während im ersten Abschnitt vor allem die Rolle und Verantwortung der Hochschule bei der Verwirklichung und Durchsetzung von Geschlechtergerechtigkeit im Fokus der Beiträge steht, diskutieren im zweiten Abschnitt verschiedene Forscherinnen* ihre empirischen Ergebnisse, welche die Thematik Frauen* und MINT aus unterschiedlichen Perspektiven untersucht haben. Im dritten Abschnitt werden mögliche Lösungsansätze und Perspektiven im Hinblick auf die Verankerung von Genderkompetenz und Geschlechtergerechtigkeit in der Praxis des Lehr-, Studien- und Hochschulalltags aufgezeigt.
Schlagwörter:Geschlechtergerechtigkeit; Hochschule; MINT
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen
Dokumenttyp:Sammelwerk
Gender Equality in Academia : From Knowledge to Change
Quelle: Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP (Nordic Open Access Scholarly Publishing), 2022. 395 S
Inhalt: What is the state of gender equality in science and technology? Gender Equality in Academia - from Knowledge to Change presents the results of a comprehensive research project and program of initiatives at the University of Oslo's Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences. Researchers have examined gender equality within the department, looking at reasons for imbalance, and at what occurs when measures to promote equality are implemented. The book opens with an in-depth study of careers, gender issues and gender balance within academia. The study, based on questionnaires, interviews and follow-up evaluation, provides a new and updated understanding of the daily lives of academics in Norway. Among the topics covered are perceptions of equality and gender balance, effects of male dominance, sexual harassment, gender with respect to publishing, and the relationship between gender and diversity. In addition to presenting new empirical data, the book is also an innovative contribution to theoretical development within gender equality research. In the second part of the book, the authors present three working models that elucidate current mechanisms recreating gender imbalance, and challenges for gender equality. The book's final part consists of analyses of measures taken to increase gender equality within the department and their effects, and what an organization can do to increase gender equality. The range of topics in this book make it relevant for everyone concerned with gender equality in research and higher education. Researchers, administrators, students, other practitioners, and politicians will all find this book of interest.
Research literature on women of color in undergraduate engineering education : A systematic thematic synthesis
Autor/in:
Ong, Maria; Jaumot‐Pascual, Nuria; Ko, Lily T.
Quelle: J. Eng. Educ. (Journal of Engineering Education), 109 (2020) 3, S 581–615
Inhalt: Background: To address social disparities and generate an innovative workforce, engineering higher education should provide learning environments that benefit students from all backgrounds. However, because engineering programs are not enrolling or retaining women of color at demographic parity, a better understanding of these students’ experiences is needed to develop effective interventions.
Purpose: This study analyzes research on women of color in undergraduate engineering education to determine what influences their experiences, participation, and advancement. We identify challenges to and strategies for persistence and present recommendations for engineering institutions to create interventions that support women of color and mitigate institutional inequities.
Scope/Method: Using the snowballing method, we identified 65 empirical studies published between 1999 and 2015 that met the criteria for this review. These studies represented qualitative, mixed-methods, and quantitative methodologies from various fields. We conducted a systematic thematic synthesis, informed by frames of intersectionality, critical race theory, and community cultural wealth.
Conclusions: Women of color use navigational strategies to address the social pain of race and gender inequity in engineering education. Institutions should take responsibility for generating a sense of belonging for women of color and provide social and structural supports that increase self-efficacy, address social pain, and improve retention.
Schlagwörter:Ingenieurwissenschaft; Intersektionalität; literature review; people of color; Studium; undergraduate; women of color
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen, Studium und Studierende, Geschlechterverhältnis
The re-production process of gender bias: A case of ICT professors through recruitment in a gender-neutral country
Autor/in:
Tiainen, Tarja; Berki, Eleni
Quelle: Studies in Higher Education, 44 (2019) 1, S 170–184
Inhalt: Women's under-representation in the fields of science and technology is strong; both in software houses and academic posts. We focus on the academic field by gender sensitive analysis of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) academics. The general picture given by statistics' meta-analyses illustrates male dominance even in Finland, which is often presented as a country which values gender equality high. For achieving deeper understanding about the process of gender bias reproduction, we focus on one university and its selection of ICT professors. Although every professorship fulfilling is a situated process, they all together shape a homogeneous male-dominant picture. This paper continues on early gender-focused discussion of Studies in Higher Education by presenting an organisational point of view.
Inhalt: Die Ingenieurwissenschaften in Deutschland halten sich als Männerdomäne, obwohl es seit Jahren Bemühungen gibt, das Geschlechterverhältnis in diesen Bereichen auszugleichen. Die Autor_in geht der Frage nach, ob und inwiefern das asymmetrische Geschlechterverhältnis in den Inhalten und Kulturen der Ingenieurwissenschaften selbst begründet liegt. Anhand von Interviews mit Ingenieur_innen werden verschiedene Schlüsselkonzepte identifiziert, die zur Aufrechterhaltung des binären, heteronormativen Geschlechterverhältnisses in diesem Feld beitragen.
Aus dem Inhalt:
- Angewandte methodische, analytische und theoretische Denkwerkzeuge
- Mathematikhürde und Ausnahmefrau: Symbolische Grenzziehungen im sozialen Feld der Ingenieurwissenschaften
- Heiratsmarkt: Die heteronormative Struktur des ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Feldes
- Wirkliche Chancengleichheit: Rhetorische Modernisierung in den Ingenieurwissenschaften
Veränderungsbewegungen
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Monographie
Interventionen in Geschlechterpolitiken von Fachkulturen, Epistemen und Artefakten der Natur-, Technik- und Planungswissenschaften : Fallbeispiele aus der Lehrforschung
Autor/in:
Lucht, Petra
Quelle: OPEN GENDER JOURNAL, (2018) 2
Inhalt: Gender Studies zu Natur-, Technik- und Planungswissenschaften weisen Asymmetrien bezüglich der fokussierten Forschungsschwerpunkte auf: Während die Situation von Frauen* in Ausbildung und Beruf im Zentrum steht, werden Forschungsergebnisse zu Fachkulturen, Epistemen und Artefakten nicht systematisch in Inhalte und Anwendungen der MINT-Fächer und Planungswissenschaften integriert. Das nachfolgend dargelegte Konzept ermöglicht es, Fallstudien zu diesen Forschungsperspektiven zu erarbeiten. Es wurde 2013-2016 an der Technischen Universität Berlin für das Studienprogramm Gender Pro MINT von mir entwickelt und umgesetzt. Die hier präsentierten Fallstudien sind als Abschlussarbeiten von Absolvent_innen des Studienprogramms angefertigt worden und zeigen verschiedene Ansatzpunkte für transdisziplinäre, feministische Interventionen in die Geschlechterpolitiken von Fachkulturen, Epistemen und Artefakten der Natur-, Technik- und Planungswissenschaften für geschlechtergerechte Vielfalt auf.
Assessing the landscape of US postdoctoral salaries
Autor/in:
Athanasiadou, Rodoniki; Bankston, Adriana; Carlisle, McKenzie; Niziolek, Caroline A.; McDowell, Gary S.
Quelle: Studies in Graduate and Postdoctoral Education, 9 (2018) 2, S 213–242
Inhalt: Purpose - Postdocs make up a significant portion of the biomedical workforce. However, data about the postdoctoral position are generally scarce, and no systematic study of the landscape of individual postdoc salaries in the USA has previously been carried out. The purpose of this study was to assess actual salaries for postdocs using data gathered from US public institutions; determine how these salaries may vary with postdoc title, institutional funding and geographic region; and reflect on which institutional and federal policy measures may have the greatest impact on salaries nationally.
Design/methodology/approach - Freedom of Information Act Requests were submitted to US public universities or university systems containing campuses with at least 300 science, engineering and health postdocs, according to the 2015 National Science Foundation's Survey of Graduate Students and Postdoctorates in Science and Engineering. Salaries and job titles of postdocs as of December 1, 2016, were requested.
Findings - Salaries and job titles for nearly 14,000 postdocs at 52 US institutions around December 1, 2016, were received. Individual postdoc names were also received for approximately 7,000 postdocs, and departmental affiliations were received for 4,000 postdocs. This exploratory study shows evidence of a postdoc gender pay gap, a significant influence of job title on postdoc salary and a complex relationship between salaries and the level of institutional National Institutes of Health/NSF funding.
Originality/value - These results provide insights into the ability of institutions to collate and report out annualized salary data on their postdocs, highlighting difficulties faced in tracking and reporting data on this population by institutional administration. Ultimately, these types of efforts, aimed at increasing transparency regarding the postdoctoral position, may lead to improved support for postdocs at all US institutions and allow greater agency for postdocs making decisions based on financial concerns.
Schlagwörter:Biologie; Biomedical Research; gender pay gap; Geschlechterverhältnis; Post-doc; public universities and colleges; STEM; USA
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen, Frauen- und Geschlechterforschung, Geschlechterverhältnis
Gendersensibilität von Lehrveranstaltungen des ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Grundlagenstudiums : Voraussetzungen, Umsetzung und Evaluation von Vorlesungen an der Technischen Universität Ilmenau
Inhalt: in wesentliches Qualitätsmerkmal guter Lehre besteht darin, die individuellen Interessen und Bedürfnisse der Studierenden zu erkennen und (stärker als bisher) zu berücksichtigen.
Aber wie sieht die praktische Umsetzung aus? In Anbindung an das Thüringer Verbundprojekt Gender in der akademischen Lehre (2009 bis 2012) nimmt die vorliegende Dissertation eine erste Bestandsaufnahme vor und untersucht auf Basis eines Mehrmethodendesigns die Gestaltung von Vorlesungen des ingenieurwissenschaftlichen Grundlagenstudiums.
Schlagwörter:Evaluation; Gendersensibilität; Hochschullehre; Ingenieurwissenschaften; Lehre; TU Ilmenau
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Naturwissenschaft und Technik