Foreign women in academia : Double‐strangers between productivity, marginalization and resistance
Autor/in:
Strauβ, Anke; Boncori, Ilaria
Quelle: Gender Work Organ (Gender, Work & Organization), 17 (2020) 2, 867 S
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Inhalt: This article examines the professional experience of foreign women academics working across geographic boundaries in today's neoliberal academia characterized by liquidity. Framed within an intersectional perspective, we use the concept of the ‘double‐stranger' to examine data stemming from 20 in‐depth semi‐structured interviews conducted with scholars at different stages of their career in the social sciences. This article advances understandings of academic careers theoretically by identifying a temporal and hierarchical dynamic in the intersection of two categories of difference (gender and foreignness) that constitute a position of simultaneous belonging and non‐belonging for foreign women academics; and empirically through a qualitative investigation that explores three areas in which academic professional experiences are mobilized for double‐strangers: (i) transnational career moves; (ii) productivity and performance in today's neoliberal academia; and (iii) self‐induced estrangement as a form of resistance.
Schlagwörter:Gender; Geschlecht; Hochschule; intersectionality; Intersektionalität; Interview; Nationalität; neoliberal university; qualitative Analyse; Sozialwissenschaft; Widerstand; Wissenschaftskarriere
CEWS Kategorie:Diversity, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Hochschulen, Migration und Migrantinnen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Caring during COVID‐19 : A gendered analysis of Australian university responses to managing remote working and caring responsibilities
Autor/in:
Nash, Meredith; Churchill, Brendan
Quelle: Gender, Work & Organization, 27 (2020) 5, S 833–846
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Inhalt: OVID‐19 is dramatically reconfiguring paid work and care. Emerging evidence in the global media suggests that academic women with caring responsibilities are being proportionately impacted. This article fills a key knowledge gap by examining how Australian universities are supporting academics to manage remote work and caring during the COVID‐19 pandemic. We conducted a desktop analysis of public information about remote working and care from 41 Australian universities and compared them to the world’s top 10 ranked universities. Findings suggest that during the pandemic, the Australian higher education sector positions decisions about caring leave and participation in the paid labour force as ‘private’ matters in which employees (mainly women) design their own ‘solutions’ when compared with international institutional counterparts. We argue that COVID‐19 provides another context in which universities have evaded their responsibility to ensure women’s full participation in the labour force.
Schlagwörter:Australia; Australien; Care; COVID-19; familiäre Verpflichtung; Geschlechterungleichheit; Hochschule; Sorgearbeit
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Dirty Body Politics: Habitus, Gendered Embodiment, and the Resistance to Women's Agency in Transforming South African Higher Education
Autor/in:
Idahosa, Grace Ese‐osa
Quelle: Gend Work Organ (Gender, Work and Organization), 27 (2020) 6, S 988–1003
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Inhalt: In discussing the difficulty with transformation, research notes that women and Blacks are excluded and marginalised by the cultures and practices within universities in South Africa. While the literature highlights the invisibility of these minorities in universities, with their bodies only becoming visible as tokens, or when representing minority issues, it is silent on how this plays out in interchanges in the transformation process, the embodiment of gender, and the resistance to women's agency within the field of higher education transformation. Adopting a hermeneutic phenomenological lens and Bourdieu's concept of field and habitus, this study examines ten academics' experiences of having agency to effect transformation. In particular, it explores women's narratives of body‐centered attacks in expressions of resistance to their transformation strategies, revealing the normalisation of the White, male body. This normalisation obscures the gendered processes of transformation and the bodily resistance to women's agency, revealed in tugging, pulling, shutting doors and having metaphorical knives pulled from their backs. The study argues that this not only prevents women from exercising their agency, but also ensures the reproduction of oppressive relations within the university and should be directly addressed in the struggle for transformation.
Schlagwörter:body; Bourdieu; Feldtheorie; Gender; Gewalt; Habitus; higher education; Hochschule; Körper; minority; Organisationswandel; people of color; racism; Rassismus; resistance; sexism; Sexismus; South Africa; Südafrika; Transformation; violence; Widerstand
CEWS Kategorie:Diversity, Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Research literature on women of color in undergraduate engineering education : A systematic thematic synthesis
Autor/in:
Ong, Maria; Jaumot‐Pascual, Nuria; Ko, Lily T.
Quelle: J. Eng. Educ. (Journal of Engineering Education), 109 (2020) 3, S 581–615
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Inhalt: Background: To address social disparities and generate an innovative workforce, engineering higher education should provide learning environments that benefit students from all backgrounds. However, because engineering programs are not enrolling or retaining women of color at demographic parity, a better understanding of these students’ experiences is needed to develop effective interventions.
Purpose: This study analyzes research on women of color in undergraduate engineering education to determine what influences their experiences, participation, and advancement. We identify challenges to and strategies for persistence and present recommendations for engineering institutions to create interventions that support women of color and mitigate institutional inequities.
Scope/Method: Using the snowballing method, we identified 65 empirical studies published between 1999 and 2015 that met the criteria for this review. These studies represented qualitative, mixed-methods, and quantitative methodologies from various fields. We conducted a systematic thematic synthesis, informed by frames of intersectionality, critical race theory, and community cultural wealth.
Conclusions: Women of color use navigational strategies to address the social pain of race and gender inequity in engineering education. Institutions should take responsibility for generating a sense of belonging for women of color and provide social and structural supports that increase self-efficacy, address social pain, and improve retention.
Schlagwörter:Ingenieurwissenschaft; Intersektionalität; literature review; people of color; Studium; undergraduate; women of color
CEWS Kategorie:Naturwissenschaft und Technik, Hochschulen, Studium und Studierende, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Exzellenz oder Frauenförderung? : Gleichstellungswissen und -handeln von Professorinnen und Professoren in Berufungskommissionen
Autor/in:
Petrova-Stoyanov, Ralitsa; Altenberger, Sandra; Wegrzyn, Eva; Klammer, Ute
Quelle: Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 42 (2020) 4, S 50–69
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Inhalt: Berufungskommissionen sind wichtige Arenen für die Durchsetzung der Interessen verschiedener Akteure. Sie werden auch in der Gleichstellungspolitik als zentrales Handlungsfeld betrachtet. Im Zentrum des Beitrags steht die Frage, welche Gleich-
stellungsmaßnahmen auf professoraler Ebene, insbesondere im Handlungsfeld Berufungskommissionen, bekannt sind und wie sie angesichts wachsender Ansprüche an exzellente Wissenschaft wahrgenommen und umgesetzt werden. Das Konzept des Geschlechterwissens nach Dölling/Wetterer diente als zentrale theoretische Perspektive. Die leitfadengestützten Interviews wurden rekonstruktiv ausgewertet. Es zeigte sich, dass das Gleichstellungswissen der Interviewten in Bezug auf den Kosmos Hochschule umfangreich ist, ihr Geschlechterwissen jedoch überwiegend alltagsweltlich. Ein zentrales Ergebnis ist, dass die Imperative Gleichstellung und Bestenauswahl in Berufungskommissionen als widersprüchliche Zielvorgaben wahrgenommen werden.
Schlagwörter:Berufungskommission; Genderkompetenz; Geschlechterwissen; Gleichstellungsmaßnahmen; Professor; Professorin
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis, Berufungsverfahren
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Understanding Intersecting Gender Inequities in Academic Scienfitic Research Career Progression in sub-Saharan Africa
Autor/in:
Liani, Millicent L.; Nyamongo, Isaac K.; Tolhurst, Rachel
Quelle: GST (International Journal of Gender, Science and Technology), 12 (2020) 2, S 262–288
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Inhalt: The slow progression and under-representation of women in senior scientific career positions is a well-known and persistent global problem, especially among university-based academics, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). To inform action for change, we need to go beyond numerical evidence of inequalities to understanding the underlying social, cultural and institutional drivers and processes producing gender inequities in science careers. This requires a theoretically rigorous gender analysis framework that is relevant to SSA and sufficiently accounts for variations among both women and men. Since no such framework is available, we conducted a literature review of emerging theories and empirical evidence on the dimensions of and reasons for the prevailing gender inequities in higher education institutions in SSA. Based on this, we propose an integrated conceptual framework, identify available empirical findings to support it and develop a preliminary explanation of observed inequities. Our findings demonstrate that women’s (lack of) progression in academic/scientific research careers is shaped by intersections between gender roles and social power relations of gender within the family, wider society and academic institutions themselves. We argue that this integrated model provides implications for theory, practice at institutional and policy level, and future research.
Schlagwörter:academic career; Afrika; akademische Karriere; gender analysis; gender inequality; Geschlechterungleichheit; higher education institution; Hochschule; intersectionality; Intersektionalität; literature review; sub-Sahran Africa
CEWS Kategorie:Europa und Internationales, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Professorinnen im Spannungsverhältnis von Exzellenz und Chancengleichheit : Empirische Befunde aus einer qualitativen Interview-Studie
Autor/in:
Paulitz, Tanja; Braukmann, Stephanie
Quelle: Beiträge zur Hochschulforschung, 42 (2020) 4, S 30–48
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Inhalt: Der Beitrag fragt ausgehend vom jüngeren hochschulpolitischen Wandel, im Zuge dessen Chancengleichheit zu einem Bestandteil von Exzellenz wurde, nach der Arbeitssituation von Professorinnen an deutschen Universitäten. Damit wird jene Statusgruppe ins Zentrum der Betrachtung gerückt, die sich im System etabliert hat und gemeinhin dafürsteht, dass Chancengleichheit erreicht ist. Auf Basis einer laufenden qualitativen empirischen Untersuchung werden erste Befunde vorgelegt, wie dieses Verhältnis von Exzellenz und Chancengleichheit von Professorinnen erfahren wird, welche Zugänge es eröffnet, auf welche Barrieren die Professorinnen stoßen und welche Ambivalenzen sich hinsichtlich ihrer Position rekonstruieren lassen. Dabei wird die These entwickelt, dass sich die Partizipationschancen von Professorinnen in den Wettkämpfen um Exzellenz in geschlechtlich strukturierten Spielen um Anerkennung erweisen müssen.
Schlagwörter:Chancengleichheit; Drittmittel; Exzellenz; Forschungsförderung; Interview; Partizipation; Professorin
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Hidden social exclusion in Indian academia : Gender, caste and conference participation
Autor/in:
Sabharwal, Nidhi S.; Henderson, Emily F.; Joseph, Roma Smart
Quelle: Gender and Education, 32 (2020) 1, S 27–42
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Inhalt: Conferences are key sites for the development of academic careers; however multiple studies have shown that conferences are exclusionary on the basis of gender and other axes of social disadvantage. This study focuses on India and as such also incorporates caste as an axis of privilege and disadvantage in relation to access to conferences. Conferences in this paper are framed within a broader professional development agenda, which is the way in which conferences are located in Indian higher education policy discourses, and a social exclusion perspective is taken as the analytical lens. The paper is based on data from a large-scale national study of social inequalities in higher education, which included quantitative analysis of administrative records and qualitative analysis of interviews with academics on their participation in conferences and professional development activities. Key findings include that participation in conferences is proportionally lower for women and scheduled caste academics than for men and upper-caste academics, and that access to conferences is embroiled in relational processes of social exclusion which operate in the academy, despite formal policies being in place. The article recommends further scrutiny of policy implementation and replication of this analysis across different country contexts.
Schlagwörter:Gender; Geschlechterverhältnis; Hochschule; India; Indien; Intersektionalität; Konferenz; soziale Herkunft
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Netzwerke und Organisationen, Wissenschaft als Beruf, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Gender Bias in Academic Recruitment? Evidence from a Survey Experiment in the Nordic Region
Autor/in:
Carlsson, Magnus; Finseraas, Henning; Midtbøen, Arnfinn H.; Rafnsdóttir, Guðbjörg Linda
Quelle: European Sociological Review, (2020)
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Inhalt: Gender disparities in top-level academic positions are persistent. However, whether bias in recruitment plays a role in producing these disparities remains unclear. This study examines the role of bias in academic recruitment by conducting a large-scale survey experiment among faculty in Economics, Law, Physics, Political Science, Psychology, and Sociology from universities in Iceland, Norway, and Sweden. The faculty respondents rated CVs of hypothetical candidates—who were randomly assigned either a male or a female name—for a permanent position as an Associate Professor in their discipline. The results show that, despite the underrepresentation of women in all fields, the female candidates were viewed as both more competent and more hireable compared to their male counterparts. Having children or a stronger CV do not change the overall result. Consequently, biased evaluations of equally qualified candidates to Associate Professor positions do not seem to be the key explanation of the persistent gender gap in academia in the Nordic region.
Schlagwörter:academia; academic recruitment; Experiment; gender bias; Geschlechterungleichheit; Hochschule; Island; Norwegen; Professur; Rekrutierung; Schweden; Skandinavien
CEWS Kategorie:Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis, Berufungsverfahren
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz
Academic motherhood during COVID‐19 : Navigating our dual roles as educators and mothers
Autor/in:
Guy, Batsheva; Arthur, Brittany
Quelle: Gender Work Organ (Gender, Work & Organization), 2 (2020) 1, 155 S
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Inhalt: During the COVID‐19 crisis, being a working mother has taken on a whole new meaning, as mothers navigate working from home while juggling childcare, as well as coming to terms with their intersecting identities. The current article is a feminist, heartful autoethnographic account, couched in Relational‐Cultural Theory, surrounding our authentic experiences working from home and raising children during the worldwide pandemic. We explore academic motherhood, working from home, mental health, and coping during coronavirus and stay‐at‐home orders through engaged dialogue. We hope that showcasing our vulnerability can lead to change in the expectations we put on mothers in academia, while at the same time connect with readers who may be going through similar challenges.
Schlagwörter:autoethnography; COVID-19; Elternschaft; Mutter; Wissenschaftlerin
CEWS Kategorie:Vereinbarkeit Familie-Beruf, Hochschulen, Geschlechterverhältnis
Dokumenttyp:Zeitschriftenaufsatz